scholarly journals Relation between Dietary Omega-3 (n-3) and Omega-6 (n-3) Fatty Acid Intake and Depressive Symptoms in College Students of Central Mindanao University

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
College Student ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hierarchical Logistic Regression ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 6

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and the incidence of depression in college students. This study especially tested whether the association between the two was strong enough to be significant despite the effects of confounders found in college environment. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the different data from 201 college respondents for this study. Usual food intake recall (UFIR) was used to determine the n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake; Beck Depression Inventory – II (BDI-II) for the ascertainment of depressive symptoms and a miscellaneous questionnaire for the determination of confounders. The study used the binary hierarchical logistic regression analysis to analyze the data. The results showed that there was significant relationship between n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake and depressive symptoms in college students (x2 = 12.39, df = 1, p<.000). The n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake variable strongly predicted the incidence of depressive symptoms in the hierarchical model (p<0.001, df =1) and that the association was independent from the influence of the confounders. The results also showed that a college student with adequate n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake was 4.509 times more likely to have no depression than a college student with inadequate intake (95% C.I. = 1.857 to 10.949).

High Levels of Depressive Symptoms in Pregnancy With Low Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake From Fish

Epidemiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Golding ◽  
Colin Steer ◽  
Pauline Emmett ◽  
John M. Davis ◽  
Joseph R. Hibbeln
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids: Endocannabinoids, genetics and obesity

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemis P. Simopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 6

The tissue composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is important to health and depends on both dietary intake and metabolism controlled by genetic polymorphisms that should be taken into consideration in the determination of nutritional requirements, obesity and chronic disease risk. Experimental and clinical intervention studies suggest that omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids have opposing physiological and metabolic properties and elicit divergent effects on body fat gain through mechanisms of adipogenesis, browning of adipose tissue, lipid homeostasis, systemic inflammation and an increase in the tone of the endocannabinoid system. Overweight and obese individuals have higher levels of the arachidonic acid (AA) derived endocannabinoid N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and an altered pattern of receptor expression. Since endocannabinoids are products of dietary fats, modification of the omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid intake modulates the endocannabinoids, with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) displacing AA from cell membranes, reducing AEA and 2-AG production, resulting in decrease in appetite and food intake leading to weight loss. Polygenic risk scores reveal susceptibility and an increase risk for obesity. Therefore, persons at risk for obesity will have to lower omega-6 and increase their omega-3 fatty acid intake in order to have a balanced ratio for health. A process needs to be established to define when genomic discoveries such as gene-nutrient-disease associations are “ready” to be evaluated as potential tools for personalized nutrition to improve public health.

scholarly journals Co‐morbidities associated with obesity and the role of omega‐3 fatty acid intake in free‐living healthy weight, overweight and obese college students

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Barber‐Heidal ◽  
K. Shane Broughton ◽  
Brenda M. Malinauskas ◽  
Robert C. Hickner ◽  
Melani W. Duffrin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Intake

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional but Not Longitudinal Association Between n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Depressive Symptoms: Results From the SU.VI.MAX 2 Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 175 (10) ◽  
pp. 979-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kesse-Guyot ◽  
M. Touvier ◽  
V. A. Andreeva ◽  
C. Jeandel ◽  
M. Ferry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Longitudinal Association

scholarly journals Associations of n-3, n-6 Fatty Acids Intakes and n-6:n-3 Ratio with the Risk of Depressive Symptoms: NHANES 2009–2016

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghui Zhang ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Using Data

Many studies have explored the association between n-3 fatty acids and depression, but research on the associations of n-6 fatty acids and n-6:n-3 ratio with depression is more scarce, and the results are controversial. Therefore, we conducted this cross-sectional study to explore the associations of n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intakes and n-6:n-3 ratio with the risk of depressive symptoms using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2016. Dietary data on n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were obtained through two 24-h dietary recall interviews, and were adjusted by energy. Depressive symptoms were measured by PHQ-9 (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire). We applied logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models to assess the relationships of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids intake and n-6:n-3 ratio with the risk of depressive symptoms. A total of 17,431 individuals over 18 years old were enrolled in this study. In the multivariate-adjusted model 2, compared with the lowest category, the highest odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for n-3 fatty acid intake and n-6:n-3 ratio were 0.71 (0.55–0.92) and 1.66 (1.10–2.50), and middle OR (95% CI) for n-6 fatty acid intake was 0.72 (0.56–0.92), respectively. Our study suggests that n-3 and n-6 fatty acids intake were inversely associated with the risk of depressive symptoms, while the n-6:n-3 ratio was positively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Irwinda ◽  
Rabbania Hiksas ◽  
Aprilia Asthasari Siregar ◽  
Yudianto Budi Saroyo ◽  
Noroyono Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLong-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (LCPUFA) is essential throughout pregnancy, since deficiency of LPUFA may linked to obstetrical complications. This study aimed to investigate LCPUFA status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth. A cross sectional study was conducted in 104 pregnant women, which divided into normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia and preterm birth groups. Serum percentage and concentration of total LCPUFA, omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-6, linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Severe preeclampsia showed the highest concentration of total PUFA and the lowest DHA percentage, with significantly higher Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio (p = 0.004) and lower omega-3 index (p < 0.002) compared to control. Preterm birth showed the least omega-3 concentrations, with significantly low omega-6 derivates (LA (p = 0.014) and AA (p = 0.025)) compared to control. LCPUFA parameters have shown to increase the risk in both conditions, particularly ALA ≤ 53 µmol/L in preeclampsia with OR 5.44, 95%CI 1.16–25.42 and preterm birth with OR 4.68, 95%CI 1.52–14.38. These findings suggest that severe preeclampsia and preterm birth have an imbalance in LCPUFA status.

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