scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Akinbo River Sediment around Lafarge Cement Wapco, Ewekoro, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Chemical Index ◽  
Sediment Ph ◽  
The Impact

A study was conducted to assess the impact of industrial discharge on the quality of sediment obtained from River Akinbo around Lafarge Cement WAPCO, Ewekoro. Four locations were chosen along the water course (River Akinbo) to reflect a consideration of all industrial activities that are capable of changing the quality of sediments. Sediment samples were collected in three monthsbetween (October 2015 - June 2016) at the four sampling points. The physicochemical parameters determined were sediment pH, moisture content, sulphate (mg/l), nitrate (mg/l), phosphate (mg/l) and chloride (mg/L) using standard methods. Sequential Extraction Procedure (SEP) was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals to include (Pb, Cr, Cd, Mn, Ni, Fe) while XRF was used to determine the geo-chemical index of the sediment. Sediment pH is between slightly alkaline, the bioavailability of the metal followed a trend Ni > Cr >Mn> Cd>Pb> Fe with a little interchange at some sampling point. Percentage by weight trend for the XRF were in the order of major metals Al > Fe >Ca> K > Na and in the order of minor metals Mn> Cr > Zn. The concentration of cadmium, chromium and iron were above the permissible limit WHO and FEPA. The high concentration of heavy metals in sediment is most likely as a result of the amount of effluents (dust and waste water) discharged into the river from the factory. To prevent mass extinction of aquatic organisms due to anoxic conditions, proper regulations should be implemented to reduce the organic load the river receives.

Influence of the heavy metals concentration on the anaerobic co-digestion performance of activated sludge and Olive mill wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
khalideh Al bkoor Alrawashdeh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Olive Mill

Abstract The influence of heavy metals (HMs) on the anaerobic co-digestion process (AD) of activated sludge and olive mill wastewater (50% v/v) was studied. Biogas production, methane CH4 concentration, and removal efficiency of the TS, VS, and TCOD were investigated in mesophilic conditions. The toxicity and inhibitory effects of HMs at different concentrations (15–60 ppm) on the digestion process were specified.A high concentration of HMs has resulted in a significant decrease in AD performance in terms of organic load degradation, biogas production, CH4 content, TCOD removal efficiency, and inhibition of hydrogenotrophic-methanogenic bacteria. The toxicity of HMs can be arranged according to TS removal: Cu > Zn ≈ Cr > Pb, according to TCOD removal efficiency: Cu > Cr > Zn > Pb, biogas production: Cu > Zn ≈ Cr > Pb, CH4 content: Cu > Zn > Cr > Pb. Also, the results showed that the methanogenic stage was influenced negatively and more than the acetogenic stage, where Pb < 30 ppm had a lower inhibitor effect on the digestion, while the lowest concentration of Cu(II) leads to the significant inhibition of the AD process is ≥ 10 ppm. At the concentration of 60 ppm of Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cu, the COD removal efficiency was 17.07%, 15.64%, 19.13%, and 20.53% respectively, TS removal was 17.31%, 13.44%, 16.28%, and 10.37 respectively, the VS removal was 19.4%, 14.445, 7.94% and 5.17%, respectively. Also, at the concentration of 60 ppm, biogas production has decreased by 51.55%, 66.46%, 68.1%, and 73.91%, respectively.Novelty statement This study provides new data specifying the inhibitor HMs concentration and the impact of HMs at the various concentrations on the anaerobic co-digestion of active sludge and olive mill wastewater

Агрономическая эффективность промышленной (голландской) технологии возделывания картофеля

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coy ◽  
A.V. Shuravilin ◽  
O.A. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния промышленной технологии возделывания картофеля на развитие, урожайность и качество продукции. Выявлена положительная реакция растений на подкормку K2SO4 в период посадки. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ урожайности и качества клубней выявил высокую степень достоверности результатов опыта. Содержание нитратов и тяжелых металлов в клубнях было ниже допустимых величин.The results of studies on the impact of industrial technology of potato cultivation on growth, yield and quality of products. There was a positive response of plants to fertilizer K2SO4 in the period of planting. Correlation and regression analysis of yield and quality of tubers revealed a high degree of reliability of the results of experience. The contents of nitrates and heavy metals in tubers was below the permissible values.

Epilepsy and Stroke Emerging From Climate Change-Related Neurotoxicity

2019 ◽  
pp. 322-347
Author(s):  
Hind Benammi ◽  
Omar El Hiba ◽  
Abdelmohcine Aimrane ◽  
Nadia Zouhairi ◽  
Hicham Chatoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

Climate change has an important impact on the environment. As it degrades the quality of water, soil, and area, it also spreads the distribution of many toxic elements, specifically heavy metals and pesticides. The impact of climate change on contamination with heavy metals and pesticides has been well investigated and discussed. The influence of these elements on human health is obviously exacerbated following their extended distribution. Moreover, a wide range of health problems have been associated to such intoxication, among which impairment and dysfunction of the nervous system are prominent. In this chapter, the authors will shed light on two most common neurological diseases such as epilepsy and stroke affecting people worldwide arising from food and water contaminations, mainly with heavy metals and pesticides.

scholarly journals Effects of Opened and Closed Spillway Operations of a Large Tropical Hydroelectric Dam on the Water Quality of the Downstream River

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona-Annilow Wera ◽  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
Jongkar Grinang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
The Impact

Water quality downstream of a hydroelectric dam is potentially affected by dam operations and other land uses in the river basin. Previous short-distance studies below the large Bakun Dam indicated poorer water quality during closed spillway. However, the extent of the impact is still unknown. Such knowledge is essential for mitigating the impact of the dam. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the water quality up to a distance of 210 km under two spillway operations, namely, closed and opened spillways, and also to determine the changes in water quality from the predam condition. Physicochemical parameters were measured at 15 stations along the Rajang River. Results of this preliminary study indicated that there were significant differences in eight out of nine water quality parameters between opened and closed spillway operations with opened spillway showing better water quality. During closed spillway, as we approached the dam, there was an increasing acidity and a decreasing oxygen content. Furthermore, as the water flows downstream, the unhealthy DO level (<5 mg/L) extended up to 165 km and the linear model showed an increasing DO rate of 0.09 mg/L per km. With opened spillway, DO decreased exponentially from 9.74 mg/L towards the downstream direction to 7.67 mg/L. The increasing turbidity and TSS in the downstream direction indicate contributions from erosion due to other land uses. The river is polluted with organics as indicated by COD of Class IV or V with sources from the dam and the activities in the river basin. Compared to the predam condition, the regulated river is less turbid but warmer and higher in ammonia. Closed spillway led to lower DO and acidic water. However, opened spillway water pH and DO were similar to those in the predam condition. Thus, it is recommended that DO be consistently high enough for the health of sensitive aquatic organisms downstream.

Utilization of sewage sludge ashes in the brick and tile industry

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wiebusch ◽  
Carl Franz Seyfried
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Sludge Incineration ◽  
Brick And Tile ◽  
The Impact

Several aspects of using ashes from sewage sludge incineration in the brick and tile industry have been examined. After discussing the item of ash production in Germany, the impact of different wastewater treatment methods is described; for instance, the use of precipitation agents containing iron will considerably influence the ash quality. Depending on their respective chemical composition, different ashes have different effects on the ceramic qualities of the bricks made of clay blended with ashes. These effects will be shown in regard to the major ceramic parameters. Similarly, the quality of the ashes also influences the elution behaviour and the mineral fixation of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Study of Heavy Metal Cadmium Content (Cd) In Various Sizes of Blood Shells (Anadara granosa) In Bancaran Coastal Bangkalan, Madura

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Esti Sudaria Ulfah ◽  
Boedi Setya Rahardja ◽  
Kustiawan Tri Pursetyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Ocean Pollution ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Anadara Granosa ◽  
Regression Correlation

Ocean pollution occurs because of the concentration of population, tourism and industrialization in the coastal areas, causing contamination of the water ecosystem by heavy metals, one of them is cadmium (Cd). Existence of heavy metals in the water can be accumulated in aquatic  organisms, especially blood shells. Its dangerous for human that consumed them. The purpose of this study is to know the contents of cadmium (Cd) in blood shells, water, sediments and to determine the relation of blood shell’s size with the contents of cadmium (Cd) in the Bancaran Coastal, Bangkalan, Madura. Research methods that used was observations method. The main parameters that  observed  are  the contents of cadmium (Cd) in sea water, sediment and blood shells in the Bancaran Coastal. Supporting parameters that observed are water quality include temperature, p H, salinity, DO and brightness. Data analysis is used to find relations of the data that obtained (regression-correlation). The results showed that the contents of cadmium (Cd) of large blood shells are higher than the small and medium blood shells and there is relat ion between the size of the blood shells with the contents of cadmium (Cd). The water quality of Bancaran Coastal are the temperature 28oC-29oC, pH 7-8, salinity 30 ppt, the brightness 30 cm and DO 5 mg/l.

Determination of Contaminated Heavy Metals in Lacquer Thinner

2018 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn ◽  
Kunawoot Jainae
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Digestion ◽  
Clear Solution ◽  
Cu And Zn

The aim of this work needed to discover the problem of lacquer thinner products claimed with dissatisfying the quality of coating and color appearance. The trace metals produced cans was focused on release to solvents. The contaminated trace metals including Fe, Sn, Cu, and Zn in lacquer thinner were also determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The lacquer thinner samples were simply carbonized to be ashes by furnace muffle at 550°C for 8 hours. The carbonized ashes were then also digested by conventional wet digestion with concentrated nitric acid until a clear solution was archived. Twenty samples of lacquer thinner were achieved from the paint manufacturer. The content of Fe, Sn, Cu, and Zn was found in the range of 0.0631-77.190 mg/kg, ND-12.613 mg/kg, ND-1.4679 mg/kg, and ND-0.4028 mg/kg, respectively. The result of high concentration of Fe related to the appearance of lacquer thinner color. The evidence of released heavy metals in the ashes of lacquer thinner samples was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence technique. The result of this work was concluded that the contaminated trace metals in the suspected lacquer thinner samples were leached from the metallic package.

Heavy Metals Speciation of Size-fractionated Sediments Collected from Combined Sewer System Using Sequential Extraction Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kojima ◽  
I. Kasuga ◽  
F. Kurisu ◽  
H. Furumai
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
The Impact

Sediments deposited in sewer pipes have been concerned as one of the main pollution loads from combined sewer overflow (CSO). Since the toxicity, mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals depend on their speciation, it is necessary to consider not only their amounts but also their speciation to evaluate the adverse effects on aquatic organisms in receiving waters. Sequential extraction method was applied to the size-fractionated sediments to evaluate heavy metal speciation. Although the speciation of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb differed among sampling points as well as their contents, the content of easily exchangeable fraction was strongly correlated with total content for all the metals except for Cu. The result of heavy metals speciation revealed that Ni, Zn and Pb in combined sewer sediments could have high mobility potential. The result of size-fractionated sediments indicated that the contents and mobility potential of the heavy metals were larger as particle size was finer. Thus, it is important to control fine sediments in combined sewer to reduce the impact of CSO pollution.

scholarly journals The effects of industrial and agricultural activity on the water quality of the Sitnica River (Kosovo)

Geoadria ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Albona Shala ◽  
Fatbardh Sallaku ◽  
Agron Shala ◽  
Shkëlzim Ukaj
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Reference Station ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monitoring Stations

An important issue in Kosovo is water pollution. The use of polluted water has a direct impact on human health and cause long-term consequences. The longest and most polluted river in Kosovo is the Sitnica, a 90 km long river with its source located near the village of Sazli. The river flows into the Ibar River in Northern Kosovo. Agriculture is prevailing activity in the basin of Sitnica which is why agricultural as well as industrial waste are the biggest water pollutants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate water quality of the river and analyse the pollution level along the Sitnica River caused by agricultural activities and industrial discharges. In order to assess the impact of pollutants on this river, a measurements were carried out in four (five) monitoring stations: the first station represents the reference station which has not undergone or has not been affected by polluting pressures, two stations in water areas affected by the irrigation of farming land and two monitoring stations in water areas affected by industrial wastewater discharge. Some of the parameters of water quality analysed are temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, DO, COD, BOD, P total, nitrates, sulfates, and heavy metals iron, manganese, zinc, nickel. Compared to the reference station the results obtained from the Gracka and Pestova monitoring stations prove that the dominant form of pollution is that from agricultural lands irrigation, while the Plemetin and Mitrovica stations show that the Sitnica River is affected by wastewater discharge which contains significant concentrations of heavy metals, as well as metal ions selected in this paper. It can be concluded that the irrigation of agricultural lands and discharges from mining significantly affect water quality of the Sitnica River.

scholarly journals Mining Activities and the Chemical Composition of R. Modonkul, Transbaikalia

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Zinaida Ivanovna Khazheeva ◽  
Aleksey Maksimovich Plyusnin ◽  
Olga Konstantinovna Smirnova ◽  
Elena Georgievna Peryazeva ◽  
Dashima Ivanovna Zhambalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The Dzhidinsky orefield is located in the Zakamensky district of Buryatia. It is characterized by a high concentration of mineralization in a small area. The ores of the Dzhidinsky economic deposits are complex. This ore field includes Pervomaiskoye Mo, Kholtosonskoe W, and Inkurskoe W deposits. The catchment basin of the river Modonkul is located in the Dzhidinsky orefield. Mineral resource industry waste is a real threat to the city Zakamensk. Currently, the waste of deposits is located at the floodplain terrace and the watershed of the river Modonkul. In this work, the impact of the drainage mine and tributary Inkur on the formation chemical composition of the river Modonkul is studied. The 80 samples of water and suspended matter were taken from a surface of 0–0.5 m on seven sites. Physical and chemical parameters were measured at the sampling sites, and chemical composition was analyzed in the laboratory. In the natural background of the river, the major cations are, in decreasing order, Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ + K+, and major anions are, also in decreasing order, HCO3− > SO42− > Cl−. Along the river, the chemical type of water changes from bicarbonate to sulfate across the sulfate-bicarbonate or bicarbonate-sulfate class and from calcium-magnesium across sodium-calcium-magnesium reverse calcium-magnesium group. Total dissolved solids (TDS) increase by a factor of 4.0–4.7 between the upper and mouth of the river. The dissolved and suspended loads were studied in the mixing zone of acid mine and river water. The different hydrochemistry characteristics may result from Fe, Al, and Mn hydroxide precipitation. The pH values and dissolved oxygen cycles could change the uptake of heavy metals on suspended iron and manganese oxides, and the mechanism of removing it in water. River particulates have the potential of regulating heavy metal inputs to aquatic systems from pollution. The ore elements or the heavy metals are removed from the water in two ways: by the runoff of Modonkul and the sedimentation of suspended material at the bottom. The inflow of mine water into the Modonkul river leads to the rare earth elements (REEs) composition with negative cerium and positive europium anomalies.

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