‘Are We An Experiment?’ Informality as Indispensable for Syrians’ Resettlement in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
Caroline Blunt
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Status ◽  
Discrete Domains ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Formal Design ◽  
Reduction Of Uncertainty

This article unpacks the status and significance of informal social infrastructures within the Syrian Vulnerable Person’s Resettlement Scheme (SVPRS) in one region of the UK to offer a case study exemplifying an enduring and renewed political embeddedness of informalities as an idiosyncratically British way of governing migrant incorporation and producing social order. From the perspective of the scheme’s formal design, this was ‘bottom-up’, ‘community-led’ activity for community or ‘social’ integration. For refugees this was the existence and availability of a quality of sociality productive of a sense of existence and a viable and possible life, in other words, defining – above and beyond discrete domains or material things - what had been hoped for and expected from resettlement. Where this ‘informal social infrastructure’ was available, refugees conveyed an experience of positive processes of life, resonating with discussions of existential movement. Where unavailable refugees conveyed experience of a persistent or even worsened sense of biographical interruption that forced migration has been likened to. The article aims to contribute to informalities scholarship in relation to the imbrication of informal-formal as means of governance and attest to the significance of informalities to the reduction of uncertainty, production of stability.  

The Importance of Convention Status: A Case Study of the UK

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers ◽  
Social And Economic Rights

Convention status accords refugees social and economic rights and security of residence in European countries of asylum. However, the trend in Europe has been to prevent asylum seekers reaching its borders, to reduce the rights of asylum seekers in countries of asylum and to use temporary protection as a means of circumventing the responsibility of long-term resettlement. This paper will provide a case study of the United Kingdom. It will examine the social and economic rights afforded to different statuses in the areas of social security, housing, employment and family reunion. It will explore the interaction of social and economic rights and security of residence on the experiences of those seeking protection. Drawing on responses to the crisis in Kosovo and on data from a survey of 180 refugees and asylum seekers in London it will show the importance of Convention status and the rights and security the status brings.

Model maturity towards modeling and simulation: Concepts, index system framework and evaluation method

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 2040001
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yuanjun Laili ◽  
Weicun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Simulation Fidelity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hierarchical Evaluation ◽  
Quality Evaluation System

Simulation has become an essential way and sometimes the only way to study complex systems (e.g., system of systems, SoS). Simulation is the model-based activity. How to build a high-quality model is the first consideration in simulation. Fidelity and credibility are the two mostly used metrics to evaluate the quality of a model. However, the definitions and evaluation methods of fidelity and credibility vary from one research to another and it’s hard to evaluate the metrics precisely. More importantly, the evolution process of a model in use cannot be directly reflected by the two metrics. Therefore, this paper introduces the model maturity to track the status of a model during its life cycle, especially in the use and management phases, which will be an important supplement to the quality evaluation system of models. The concept of model maturity is given and a framework of index system for model maturity evaluation is established. Then, a hierarchical evaluation method based on qualitative and quantitative analysis (HEQQ) for model maturity is proposed. Finally, a case study is used to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Administrative Law Values and National Security Functions

2020 ◽  
pp. 634-655
Author(s):  
Laura A. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Executive Discretion ◽  
The Uk

This chapter focuses on the case of extraterritorial military detention by the US and the UK—two countries that quickly deployed and then repeatedly refined their detention policies during the nearly two decades following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Military detention is arguably one of the quintessential national security functions where deference to executive discretion is strongest. As such, it is an activity that differs markedly from the types of practices that form the core work of many domestic administrative agencies, and administrative law scholarship tends to ignore the national security domain. Yet even here, in a realm seemingly so insulated from administrative law norms, agencies in both the US and the UK have implemented a variety of administrative rules and procedures, as well as non-judicial administrative tribunals to assess the status of detainees. Although the US and the UK followed different pathways, both countries have ultimately come to embrace administrative law frameworks for military detention. And both countries have gradually moved to protect, at least to a limited extent, the core administrative law values of rationality, transparency, participation, and procedural protection even as they have rejected fully judicialized detention processes. This comparative case study therefore illustrates the significance of administrative law values in the area of national security and points toward the need for further scholarship at the intersection of national security law and administrative law.

scholarly journals An exploration of the role of advanced clinical practitioners in the East of England

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 864-869
Author(s):  
Claire Hooks ◽  
Susan Walker
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Individual Accountability

Medical staff shortages in the UK have provided impetus for the introduction of advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs). This case study explored the views of 22 ACPs, managers and doctors in primary and acute settings in a region of England, to understand how the role is used, and barriers and facilitators to its success. ACP roles improved the quality of service provision, provided clinical career development and enhanced job satisfaction for staff and required autonomous clinical decision-making, with a high degree of self-awareness and individual accountability. Barriers included disparate pay-scales and funding, difficulty accessing continuing education and research, and lack of agreed role definition and title, due to a lack of standardised regulation and governance, and organisational barriers, including limited access to referral systems. Facilitators were supportive colleagues and opportunities for peer networking. Regulation of ACP roles is urgently needed, along with evaluation of the cost-effectiveness and patient experience of such roles.

scholarly journals Enhancing The Role of Business in Transferring Research Results into Agriculture: Case Study in Moc Chau District, Son La Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Phuong Quy
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Status

In recent years, Vietnam’s agriculture has developed strongly thanks to the application of scientific and technological advances in production. Business is a key factor in attracting investment, expanding markets for agricultural products, and an important focal point for transferring research results into agriculture. Based on the assessment of the status of transferring research results into agriculture in Moc Chau district, Son La province over the past time, the paper proposes views and solutions to enhance the role of business in promoting the transfer of research results in local agriculture such as tax favors for business, linkages between business and researchers and enhance the quality of human resources.

scholarly journals Land Use Effect on Quality of Plateau Soils: A Case Study of Ososo in Northern Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Orobosa Orobator ◽  
Emmanuel Ekpenkhio
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Status ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

The study examined land use effect on quality of plateau soils, using Ososo in Northern Edo State, Nigeria as a case study. The objectives were to examine the status of soils under the different land uses and evaluate variation in the physicochemical properties of soils among the investigated sites. A total of thirty-six soil samples were collected from secondary forest, cocoa plantation and quarry site at 0 - 15 and 15 - 30 cm depths. Soil quality indicators were analyzed in the laboratory, while data were examined by descriptive and inferential statistics. Due to the effect of mining activities, quarry site had lower mean values of soil organic matter, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, effective cation exchange capacity, potassium, copper and manganese while iron, zinc and calcium were lower in secondary forest. However, Na and ECEC were higher in cocoa plantation. The study further revealed that though the examined land uses had varied effects on the soil properties; quarry site impacted the soil quality parameters more negatively compared to the secondary forest and cocoa plantation land use types. Significant variation (p < 0.05) in sand, clay and available phosphorous was detected in the topsoil of the different land uses. The research concluded that the status of the soil nutrients was low. To improve the quality of the plateau soils, liming and the use of animal droppings, town refuse ash and plant remains is recommended.

scholarly journals Survey of Solid Waste Management Status in Academic Centers: Case Study in a Military University

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Masoumbeigi Hossein ◽  
Safavi Seyed Abbas ◽  
Yousefi khoraem Mohammad ◽  
Mahmoudi Norouz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Characterization Studies

Background: Planning and optimum waste management as the first step has need to waste characterization studies including the existing status, quantity and quality (physical composition) of generated solid waste at University. The aim of this study was evaluation of the existing situation, identification of the quantity and quality of solid waste in one of Iranian military universities. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional research was done in one of the Iranian military universities. The status of waste management was determined using self-made checklist (valid and reliable) and site visits and documents analysis. Quantity, quality, and physical analysis of waste was determined by weighting via trained personnel. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software and descriptive statistical methods. Results: Existing situation of waste management which has 58 score was weak in comparison with desirable situation as 112 score. The average weight, capitation and density of the waste were 419 kg/d, 288 gpc/d and 105.3 kg/m3 respectively. Putrescible waste 40.15%, paper and cardboard 13.99%, soft plastics 13.10%, dried plastics 6.35%, wood and plant waste 6.14%, glass 5.64% and ferrous metals 0.82% were the predominant components. Conclusion: Despite separation of valuable dry wastes, waste management status in this university is not desirable. . 40% of total wastes were valuable and recyclable. Recycle is a best-recommended procedure, which can lead to volume and capitation reduction and decreasing of collection, transport and disposal costs nearly 50%.  

Britain and Hong Kong: the 2019 protests and their aftermath

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Summers
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
National Security ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
British Policy ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Uk

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine British policy towards Hong Kong from the protests of 2019 through political controversies in 2020.Design/methodology/approachThe paper offers a foreign policy analysis based on a chronological account of the public interventions made by London from April 2019 to the passage of the national security law in the middle of 2020. It discusses the factors which contributed to the UK's positions and looks in more detail at an issue which relates to the British colonial legacy: the status of British National (Overseas) passport holders.FindingsThe paper argues that the UK's policy was influenced by a combination of factors: developments in Hong Kong, the implications of and perceptions about its historical position as the former colonial power, the growing influence of lobby groups in the UK and Hong Kong (especially in agenda setting), and (to a lesser extent) the UK's wider relations with China. In trying to balance these, British policy tended to be reactive rather than strategic. London generally took positions sympathetic to the protest movement and political opposition, characterised in the paper as “soft partisanship”, shifting to clear opposition to Beijing's approach when the National Security Law was announced.Social implicationsThe paper helps to understand international policy towards Hong Kong.Originality/valueThe paper offers the first account of British policy towards Hong Kong during this period and adds to the limited existing literature on the UK's Hong Kong policy over recent years. This case study sheds light on wider questions of international perceptions of developments in Hong Kong during a tumultuous period in the city's history and informs broader studies of foreign policymaking.

scholarly journals Applying a Capabilities Approach to Understanding Older LGBT People’s Disclosures of Identity in Community Primary Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7614
Author(s):  
Michael Toze ◽  
Julie Fish ◽  
Trish Hafford-Letchfield ◽  
Kathryn Almack
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Lgbt Populations

Internationally, there is increasing recognition that lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) populations experience substantial public health inequalities and require interventions to address these inequalities, yet data on this population is often not routinely collected. This paper considers the case study of the UK, where there are proposals to improve government and health data collection on LGBT populations, but also a degree of apparent uncertainty over the purpose and relevance of information about LGBT status in healthcare. This paper applies a health capabilities framework, arguing that the value of health information about LGBT status should be assessed according to whether it improves LGBT people’s capability to achieve good health. We draw upon 36 older LGBT people’s qualitative accounts of disclosing LGBT status within UK general practice healthcare. Participants’ accounts of the benefits and risks of disclosure could be mapped against multiple domains of capability, including those that closely align with biomedical accounts (e.g., longevity and physical health), but also more holistic considerations (e.g., emotion and affiliation). However, across all domains, individuals tend to assess capabilities at an individual level, with relatively little reference to population-level impact of disclosure. Clearer articulation of the benefits of disclosure and data collection for the collective capabilities of LGBT populations may be a beneficial strategy for improving the quality of information on LGBT populations.

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