157. Enhancing Interpretation of Fungal Surface Dust Results Using Descriptive Units to Supplement Colony Forming Units per Gram

The different integrated production systems can directly interfere with its bacterial community. The present study aimed to assess density, bacterial diversity and the influence of dry and rainy season in different integrated and an exclusive production system. The fallow and a native forest area was assessed to. Samples were collected in 2012 March and September. The isolation were carried out into Petri dishes containing DYGS medium. The number of colony forming units (CFU) was counted after 48 hours and. The bacterial density ranged between 106 and 107 CFU g-1 soil. The crop system affected the dynamics of the bacterial community only in the rainy season. The rainy season showed greater density of total bacteria when compared to the dry period regardless of the cropping system. The dendrograms with 80 % similarity showed thirteen and fourteen groups in the rainy and dry seasons. Isolates with the capacity to solubilize phosphate in vitro were obtained from all areas in the two seasons, but this feature has been prevalent in bacteria isolated during the rainy season

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Comparison of Cytocidal Activities of L-DOPA and Dopamine in S. cerevisiae and C. glabrata

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407214666180108144216 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 90-93

Author(s):

Carmen E. Iriarte ◽

Ian G. Macreadie

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Dopaminergic Neurons ◽

Candida Glabrata ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Dependent Cell ◽

The Brain

Background: Parkinson's Disease results from a loss of dopaminergic neurons, and reduced levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Parkinson's Disease treatments involve increasing dopamine levels through administration of L-DOPA, which can cross the blood brain barrier and be converted to dopamine in the brain. The toxicity of dopamine has previously studied but there has been little study of L-DOPA toxicity. Methods: We have compared the toxicity of dopamine and L-DOPA in the yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata by cell viability assays, measuring colony forming units. Results: L-DOPA and dopamine caused time-dependent cell killing in Candida glabrata while only dopamine caused such effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The toxicity of L-DOPA is much lower than dopamine. Conclusion: Candida glabrata exhibits high sensitivity to L-DOPA and may have advantages for studying the cytotoxicity of L-DOPA.

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Fetal erythropoiesis in steel mutant mice. III. Defect in differentiation from BFU-E to CFU-E during early development

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v51.3.539.539 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 539-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

DH Chui ◽

SK Liao ◽

K Walker

Keyword(s):

Progenitor Cells ◽

Early Development ◽

The Other ◽

Mutant Mice ◽

Erythroid Progenitor ◽

Erythroid Progenitor Cells ◽

Other Hand ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Fetal Erythropoiesis

Abstract Erythroid progenitor cells in +/+ and Sl/Sld fetal livers manifested as burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) and colony-forming units- erythroid (CFU-E) were assayed in vitro during early development. The proportion of BFU-E was higher as mutant than in normal fetal livers. On the other hand, the proportion of CFU-E was less in the mutant than in the normal. These results suggest that the defect in Sl/Sld fetal hepatic erythropoiesis is expressed at the steps of differentiation that effect the transition from BFU-E to CFU-E.

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Airborne-induced experimental Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in Strain 13 guineapigs

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367787781268792 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 226-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. J. Trahan ◽

E. H. Stephenson ◽

J. W. Ezzell ◽

W. C. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Model System ◽

Bordetella Bronchiseptica ◽

Host Cells ◽

Nasal Discharge ◽

Disease Pathogenesis ◽

Infectious Dose ◽

Colony Forming Units

To evaluate the efficacy of a commercial bacterial vaccine in protecting Strain 13 guineapigs against fatal Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia, it was necessary to establish the infectivity and disease pathogenesis induced by virulent organisms. When guineapigs were exposed to small-particle aerosols of varying concentrations of virulent B. bronchiseptica, a spectrum of disease was produced that ranged from inapparent illness to fulminant bronchopneumonia. Clinical signs began by day 4 after exposure, and were evidenced by anorexia, weight loss, respiratory distress and serous to purulent nasal discharge. Pathological alterations were limited to the respiratory system. Moribund animals exhibited a suppurative necrotizing bronchopneumonia and necrotizing tracheitis. In animals that survived the challenge, the bacteria were eliminated from the lungs by day 28 but continued to persist in the laryngeal area and the trachea. The median infectious dose and the median lethal dose were estimated to be 4 colony-forming units (CFU) and 1314 CFU respectively. These data suggest that the guineapig will be a valuable model system in which to study interactions between Bordetella species and host cells as well as to evaluate potential B. bronchiseptica immunogens.

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Nanocarriers of Miconazole or Fluconazole: Effects on Three-Species Candida Biofilms and Cytotoxic Effects In Vitro

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7070500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Anne Caroline Morais Caldeirão ◽

Heitor Ceolin Araujo ◽

Laís Salomão Arias ◽

Wilmer Ramírez Carmona ◽

Gustavo Porangaba Miranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fungal Infections ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Mtt Reduction ◽

Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽

Negative Controls ◽

Positive Controls

The contribution of different Candida species in oral fungal infections has stimulated the search for more effective therapies. This study assessed the antibiofilm effects of nanocarriers of miconazole (MCZ) or fluconazole (FLZ) on Candida biofilms, and their cytotoxic effects on murine fibroblasts. Three-species biofilms (Candida albicans/Candida glabrata/Candida tropicalis) were formed on 96-well plates, and they were treated with nanocarriers (iron oxide nanoparticles coated with chitosan—“IONPs-CS”) of MCZ or FLZ at 39/78/156 µg/mL; antifungals alone at 156 µg/mL and artificial saliva were tested as positive and negative controls, respectively. Biofilms were analyzed by colony forming units (CFU), biomass, metabolic activity, and structure/viability. The cytotoxicity (L929 cells) of all treatments was determined via 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. Data were submitted to one- or two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s or Fisher LSD’s tests (p < 0.05). IONPs-CS-MCZ at 78 µg/mL promoted similar antibiofilm and cytotoxic effects compared with MCZ at 156 µg/mL. In turn, IONPs-CS-FLZ at 156 µg/mL was overall the most effective FLZ antibiofilm treatment, surpassing the effects of FLZ alone; this nanocarrier was also less cytotoxic compared with FLZ alone. It can be concluded that both nanocarriers are more effective alternatives to fight Candida biofilms compared with their respective positive controls in vitro, being a promising alternative for the treatment of oral fungal infections.

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Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Improvement in Depressive Symptoms, and Its Association with Abundance of Actinobacteria in Gut Microbiota

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9051026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1026

Author(s):

Machiko Otaka ◽

Hiroko Kikuchi-Hayakawa ◽

Jun Ogura ◽

Hiroshi Ishikawa ◽

Yukihito Yomogida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Permeability ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Probiotic Strain ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

And Biological Markers

We previously reported lower counts of lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), compared with healthy controls. This prompted us to investigate the possible efficacy of a probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS; basonym, Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota; daily intake of 8.0 × 1010 colony-forming units), in alleviating depressive symptoms. A single-arm trial was conducted on 18 eligible patients with MDD or bipolar disorder (BD) (14 females and 4 males; 15 MDD and 3 BD), assessing changes in psychiatric symptoms, the gut microbiota, and biological markers for intestinal permeability and inflammation, over a 12-week intervention period. Depression severity, evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, was significantly alleviated after LcS treatment. The intervention-associated reduction of depressive symptoms was associated with the gut microbiota, and more pronounced when Bifidobacterium and the Atopobium clusters of the Actinobacteria phylum were maintained at higher counts. No significant changes were observed in the intestinal permeability or inflammation markers. Although it was difficult to estimate the extent of the effect of LcS treatment alone, the results indicated that it was beneficial to alleviate depressive symptoms, partly through its association with abundance of Actinobacteria in the gut microbiota.

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