scholarly journals Variability of Total Polyphenol Contents in Ground Coffee Products and Their Antioxidant Capacities through Different Reaction Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4857-4870
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Maillard Reactions ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Ground Coffee

Coffee is one of the most popular non-alcoholic drinks consumed daily by millions of individuals worldwide. It is characterized by varieties and processing, which cause changes in chemical compositions and biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of roasting degrees during the processing period (light, medium, and dark) on the total polyphenol contents (TPCs) in-ground coffee products of arabica, robusta, and liberica and their trolox equivalent antioxidant capacities (TEACs) through various chemical reaction mechanisms (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC). The analytical methods were conducted based on spectrophotometric principle after the microwave-assisted liquid extraction. The results of the TPCs followed the descending order of robusta (34.3-48.23 mg GAE g–1) > liberica (31.5-34.37 mg GAE g–1) > arabica (27.1-44.11 mg GAE g–1). Moreover, robusta coffee generally performed greater TEACs than liberica and arabica. Besides, the TPCs and TEACs varied regarding different roasting degrees, in which the medium roasting mostly exhibited the highest values due to the balance between the degradation of phenolic compounds and the generation of new antioxidant compounds mainly from the Maillard reactions. Strong correlations between TPCs and antioxidant capacities (R2 > 0.6), indicating rich phenolic compounds played key roles in TEACs of coffee.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea L.) Dry Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Bączek ◽  
Jarosław L. Przybył ◽  
Ewelina Pióro-Jabrucka ◽  
Weronika Czupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Chemical Profiles

Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea L.) belongs to plants revealing adaptogenic properties, which are attributed to the presence of specific phenolic compounds and are reflected mainly as antioxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of various products obtained from R. rosea (underground organs as well as their aqueous and ethanolic dry extracts) in relation to the chemical profiles of phenolic and essential oil compounds. The chemical profiles were determined by High-performance Liquid Chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), antioxidant activity by (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) Scavenging Capacity Assay (DPPH), (2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) Scavenging Capacity Assay (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP) and antimicrobial properties were expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) values following the broth microdilutions method. The results show that the investigated samples differed in terms of their chemical compositions and biological activities. The extracts were more abundant in phenolic compounds (salidroside, tyrosol, and rosavin derivatives) in comparison to dried underground organs. The content of the determined phenolics in the analyzed extracts was affected by the solvent used for extraction. The ethanolic extract was characterized by the highest content of these substances in comparison to the aqueous one and the dried raw material, especially with regard to rosavin (969.71 mg/100 g). In parallel, this extract showed the strongest antioxidant and antibacterial activity. However, dried R. rosea underground organs also revealed strong antibacterial effects against, for example, Staphylococcus strains.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antiacetylcholinesterase, and Cytotoxic Activities of Rumex crispus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mohamed Marouane Saoudi ◽  
Jalloul Bouajila ◽  
Rami Rahmani ◽  
Khaled Alouani
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Polar Extracts ◽  
New Compounds

Rumex crispus L. (R. crispus) is regarded as an aromatic plant. It was used for its excellent biological properties in traditional medicine. The aerial part was extracted successively by maceration with three solvents increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) to evaluate their chemical compositions and biological activities. The extracts were rich in phenolic compounds (13.0 to 249.8 mg GAE/g of dry weight (dw)). The MeOH extract has presented remarkable IC50 = 6.2 μg/mL for anti-DPPH and 31.6 μg/mL for anti-AChE. However, the DCM extract has the highest cytotoxic activity against the two cancer cells (HCT-116 and MCF-7) (69.2 and 77.2% inhibition at 50 μg/mL, respectively). Interestingly, GC-MS analysis enabled to identify three new compounds in R. crispus extracts, such as L-(−)-arabitol (5), D-(−) fructopyranose (7) detected only in MeOH extract, and 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (3) detected in all extracts. For HPLC chromatograms, cardamonin (8), 5-hydroxy-3′-methoxyflavone (17), and 3′-hydroxy-b-naphthoflavone (18) showed the highest concentrations of 74.0, 55.5, and 50.4 mg/g of dw, respectively, among others who are identified. Some phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC in more than one organic extract, such as 4′, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (13), 4′, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (14), 5-hydroxy-3′-methoxyflavone (17), and 3′-hydroxy-b-naphthoflavone (18), were found for the first time in the R. crispus extracts. Our results showed that the biological activities of this plant might be linked to their phenolic compounds and that the polar extracts could be considered as new natural supplements to be used in food and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Recent Progress of Propolis for Its Biological and Chemical Compositions and Its Botanical Origin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Cristina Toreti ◽  
Helia Harumi Sato ◽  
Glaucia Maria Pastore ◽  
Yong Kun Park
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Botanical Origin

Propolis is the generic name given to the product obtained from resinous substances, which is gummy and balsamic and which is collected by bees from flowers, buds, and exudates of plants. It is a popular folk medicine possessing a broad spectrum of biological activities. These biological properties are related to its chemical composition and more specifically to the phenolic compounds that vary in their structure and concentration depending on the region of production, availability of sources to collect plant resins, genetic variability of the queen bee, the technique used for production, and the season in which propolis is produced. Many scientific articles are published every year in different international journal, and several groups of researchers have focused their attention on the chemical compounds and biological activity of propolis. This paper presents a review on the publications on propolis and patents of applications and biological constituents of propolis.

scholarly journals Subcritical Water Extraction of Antioxidants from Curculigo latifolia Root

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Athirah Zabidi ◽  
Nur Akmal Ishak ◽  
Muhajir Hamid ◽  
Siti Efliza Ashari
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Subcritical Water Extraction ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

This study aims to extract antioxidant compounds from Curculigo latifolia root by subcritical water extraction (SWE). The influence of extraction temperature and time on the antioxidant activity of C. latifolia root extract was investigated in terms of extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The highest extraction yield (36.5%), TPC (92.55 mg GAE/g), TFC (13.26 mg RE/g), and antioxidant activities by ABTS (66.8 mg trolox equivalent/g sample) and DPPH (128.7 mg trolox equivalent/g sample) were detected at 180°C and 30 minutes extraction time. Based on the results, the optimum condition was selected at 180°C and 30 minutes of extraction. The sample was screened by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis where the phenolic compounds detected were structured based on their [M-H]-peak. The detected phenolic compounds were monobenzone, hydroquinone, phloridzin, pomiferin, mundulone, scandenin, and dimethyl caffeic acid. According to these findings, SWE is a promising, environmentally friendly, and efficient technology in the exploitation of natural products for the development of food and nutraceutical commodities.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ukrainian Iris Species: A Fresh Look on Their Antioxidant Content and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4588
Author(s):  
Olha Mykhailenko ◽  
Michal Korinek ◽  
Liudas Ivanauskas ◽  
Ivan Bezruk ◽  
Artem Myhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Chromatographic Retention ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Lipid Formation ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Nrf2 Expression ◽  
Good Calibration

The major groups of antioxidant compounds (isoflavonoids, xanthones, hydroxycinnamic acids) in the rhizome methanol extracts of four Ukrainian Iris sp. (Iris pallida, Iris hungarica, Iris sibirica, and Iris variegata) were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS/MS. Gallic acid, caffeic acid, mangiferin, tectoridin, irigenin, iristectorigenin B, irisolidone, 5,6-dihydroxy-7,8,3′,5′-tetramethoxyisoflavone, irisolidone-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, germanaism B, and nigricin were recognized by comparing their UV/MS spectra, chromatographic retention time (tR) with those of standard reference compounds. I. hungarica and I. variegata showed the highest total amount of phenolic compounds. Germanaism B was the most abundant component in the rhizomes of I. variegata (7.089 ± 0.032 mg/g) and I. hungarica (6.285 ± 0.030 mg/g). The compound analyses showed good calibration curve linearity (r2 > 0.999) and low detection and quantifications limit. These results validated the method for its use in the simultaneous quantitative evaluation of phenolic compounds in the studied Iris sp. I. hungarica and I. variegata rhizomes exhibited antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by the HPLC-ABTS system and NRF2 expression assay and anti-inflammatory activity on respiratory burst in human neutrophils. Moreover, the extracts showed anti-allergic and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. Anti-coronavirus 229E and lipid formation activities were also evaluated. In summary, potent antioxidant marker compounds were identified in the examined Iris sp.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Assisted “Green” Extraction (UAE) of Antioxidant Compounds (Betalains and Phenolics) from Opuntia stricta var. Dilenii’s Fruits: Optimization and Biological Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1786
Author(s):  
Iván Gómez-López ◽  
Gloria Lobo-Rodrigo ◽  
María P. Portillo ◽  
M. Pilar Cano
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Opuntia stricta var. Dillenii’s prickly pears are an underutilized fruit with a high content of betalains and phenolic compounds that could bring potential health benefits for humans. The aim of this study is the optimization of the “green” extraction of betalains and phenolic compounds from Opuntia stricta var. Dillenii’s whole fruits by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), using a response surface methodology (RSM) by a central composite design (CCD) in order to obtain extracts rich in betalains and phenolic compounds with proven biological activities. For UAE optimization, the extraction temperature (20–50 °C), the amplitude (20–50%) and the ethanol volume in extraction solvent (15–80%, v/v) were selected as independent variables. All combinations were conducted at 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min to determinate the time effect. The betalain and phenolic compound content in Opuntia stricta var. Dillenii’s whole fruits and UAE extracts were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and HPLC-DAD-MS/QTOF and the antioxidant (ORAC method) and the anti-inflammatory (hyaluronidase inhibition method) in vitro biological activities also were determined. The most efficient extraction time was 5 min and the best UAE parameter combination was 50% amplitude, 15% ethanol in solvent (ethanol/water, 15/85, v/v) and 20 °C temperature, obtaining 10.06 ± 0.10 mg of total major betalains/g dry weight, 2.32 ± 0.08 mg of piscidic acid/g dry weight and 0.38 ± 0.00 mg of total major flavonoids/g dry weight. All applied UAE combinations significantly improved the in vitro bioactive activities (antioxidant and anti-inflammatory) of the Opuntia stricta var. Dillenii’s extracts compared to the bioactivities of the extracts obtained by standard homogenization processes.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN LIPPIA SIDOIDES CHAM LEAVES

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Thayrine Dias CARLOS ◽  
Welington FRANCISCO ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Lima GUIMARÃES
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Lippia Sidoides ◽  
Good Ability

Several chemical, pharmacological and clinical studies have enabled phytochemical area developed a many drugs used today, such as aspirin, digitoxin, morphine, quinine and pilocarpine. In addition, this area has enriched and expanded numerous species of plants with medicinal potential, resulting in the isolation of substances with diverse biological activities that serve as prototypes for future drugs. This study aims to explore the potential of the species Lippia sidoides, quantifying the content of phenolic compounds from the methanol extract of the leaves, as well as evaluating the antioxidant activity. For chemical research, we used the spectrophotometric method of Folin-Ciocalteau using gallic acid as standard, which allowed determining a level of 126.89 ± 23.08 mg of gallic acid/g extract for total phenolic compounds by the Folin-Ciocalteau’ methods, a value within the patterns found in the literature. When evaluated the antioxidant activity by methods of inhibiting free radical DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), oxidation of linoleic β-carotene/linoleic acid system and reducing power, the results showed 90% inhibition for the first two methods and a good ability to donate electron to the latter method. This results show the potential that this plant has as a source of antioxidant compounds and the need to further explore the phytochemical studies on this species.

Innovative Extraction Techniques for the Optimum Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Peanut Meal and Evaluation of Their Biological Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Carcinoma Cell ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Phenolic Extract ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Water Ratio

There is a worldwide demand for phenolic compounds (PC) because they exhibit several biological activities. This work aimed at extracting phenolic compounds from peanut meal. The methods of extraction were mainly: conventional solvent extraction (traditional methods) and ultrasound assisted extraction (recent methods) and comparing their results. Peanut meal (PM) was prepared by defatting with n-hexane, and then extracted by the two previous methods. First, the conventional solvents used were 80% methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, and distilled water. Then studied Different parameters such as meal: water ratio, also the effect of temperature and the pH on the extraction process. Second, ultrasonic assisted extractions (USAE), the parameters investigated were temperature, time and speed of sonication. Finally, all the extracts were analyzed by HPLC for their phenolic contents. Results indicated that the highest extracted PC achieved by solvents was in distilled water where 1:100, Meal: Water ratio which extracted 40 mg PC / g PM at 30& 35°C. Highest extracted PC was achieved by alkaline medium at pH 12 more than acidic and neutral medium. While (USAE) at speed 8 ultrasonication and temperature 30ᵒC, extracted 49.2mg PC /g PM. Sothe ultrasound assisted extraction exhibited great influence on the extraction of phenolic compounds from peanut meal. The ultrasonic peanut extract was examined for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activities. The antioxidant activity of PM phenolic extract prepared by ultrasonic technique, was measured by, β-carotene, and DPPH methods, and reducing antioxidant power. Results revealed values: 84.57, 57.72 and 5960 respectively. The PM extract showed different levels of antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic bacteria used. As for the anticarcinogenic effect PM phenolic extract most effective on inhibiting colon carcinoma and lung carcinoma cell lines with IC50 = 20.7 and 20.8 µ/ml., respectively. This was followed by intestinal carcinoma and liver carcinoma cell lines with IC50= 39.6 and 40.2µ/ml.

ANTICANCER EFFECT OF UVARIA GENUS

2014 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Thi Bich Hien Le ◽  
Viet Duc Ho ◽  
Thi Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Cancer Activity

Nowadays, cancer treatment has been a big challenge to healthcare systems. Most of clinical anti-cancer therapies are toxic and cause adverse effects to human body. Therefore, current trend in science is seeking and screening of natural compounds which possess antineoplastic activities to utilize in treatment. Uvaria L. - Annonaceae includes approximately 175 species spreading over tropical areas of Asia, Australia, Africa and America. Studies on chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of Uvaria showed that several compound classes in this genus such as alkaloid, flavonoid, cyclohexen derivaties, acetogenin, steroid, terpenoid, etc. indicate considerable biological activities, for example anti-tumor, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, etc. Specifically, anti-cancer activity of fractions of extract and pure isolated compounds stands out for cytotoxicity against many cancer cell lines. This study provides an overview of anti-cancer activity of Uvaria and suggests a potential for further studies on seeking and developing novel anti-cancer compounds. Key words: Anti-cancer, Uvaria.

scholarly journals Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Terpenes from Cannabis sativa L. By-Products: From Conventional to Intensified Processes

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 942
Author(s):  
Emilie Isidore ◽  
Hamza Karim ◽  
Irina Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
By Products

Cannabis sativa L. is a controversial crop due to its high tetrahydrocannabinol content varieties; however, the hemp varieties get an increased interest. This paper describes (i) the main categories of phenolic compounds (flavonoids, stilbenoids and lignans) and terpenes (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) from C. sativa by-products and their biological activities and (ii) the main extraction techniques for their recovery. It includes not only common techniques such as conventional solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, but also intensification and emerging techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction or supercritical CO2 extraction. The effect of the operating conditions on the yield and composition of these categories of phenolic compounds and terpenes was discussed. A thorough investigation of innovative extraction techniques is indeed crucial for the extraction of phenolic compounds and terpenes from cannabis toward a sustainable industrial valorization of the whole plant.

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