scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of urinary tract infection at a tertiary care hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Rama Biswas ◽  
Raihan Rabbani ◽  
Hasan Shahrear Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed Abdus Satter Sarker ◽  
Nahida Zafrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Test Method ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain the common infections in outpatients as well as hospitalized patients. Current knowledge on antimicrobial sensitivity pattern is essential for appropriate therapy. The aim of the study is to determine the changing pattern of antibiotic sensitivity among uropathogens causing UTI. Methods: Urinary isolates from symptomatic UTI cases attending in Square hospital were processed in the Microbiology lab. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production was determined by double disk synergy test method. Results: Of the 200 tested sample 110 samples showed growth of pathogens among which the most prevalent were E.coli (58.18%) followed by Enterococci (13.6%). The majority (68.18%) of the isolates were from female. ESBL production was observed in 46.87% o E.coli strains and 25% of Klebsiella strains. More than 98% of the isolates are sensitive to Imipenem, Meropenem , while 86.36% are sensitive to Amikacin, 73.63% to Nitrofurantoin and 74.54% to Gentamicin. Very high rate of resistance is seen against amoxicillin (88.19%), cefixime (65.46%), cotrimoxazole (68.19%) and ceftriaxone (63.63%). E. coli showed high sensitivity to meropenem, imipenem and amikacin (100%) followed by Gentamicin (94.1%). Conclusion: The study revealed that E.coli was the predominant bacterial pathogens of UTIs. An increasing trend in the production ESBLs among UTI pathogens in the community was noted. Nitrofurantoin should be used as empirical therapy for primary, uncomplicated UTIs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bccj.v2i1.19952 Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2014; 2 (1): 21-24

Determination of ESBL Production & Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections: A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Gunjal P. N. ◽  
Gunjal S. P.
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI), is defined as a disease caused by invasion of urinary tract by microorganisms. Majority of UTI cases are due to bacterial infection constitute about 95% of total UTI cases. About 80% of UTI cases are caused by E.coli producing extended spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates. In recent years limitations in treating infections caused by multidrug resistant organisms has increased. This study aims to determine ESBL production of E. coli cases from a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A total 358 midstream urine samples were collected by random sampling method during March 2015 to June 2018. Identification, antibiotic sensitivity testing, performed according to standard protocol following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines, 2013. Screening for ESBL producing E.coli isolates performed using ceftazidime further confirmation done by phenotypic disc diffusion test using combined disc method using ceftazidime (30µg) & ceftazidime/ clavulanic acid (30/10 µg) as per CLSI guidelines. Results: Total 358 specimens processed for urine culture. Gram negative bacilli isolated from 123(34.35 %), out of which 68 (55.28%) were E.coli, 19 (15.44%) K. pneumoniae, 15 (12.19%), Pseudomonas spp. 08 (6.50%), Citrobacter spp and Acinetobacter spp, 03 (2.43%), Proteus mirabilis, 01 (0.81%) Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter respectively. Out of 68 isolates of E.coli, 65 (95.58%) were MDR, ESBL was detected in 31 (47.69%) out of these 65 isolates. Out of these 31 cases 19 (61.29%) were female and 12 (38.70%) were male cases. Conclusion: This study concludes 47.69% ESBL producing MDR E. coli were isolated from UTI cases with female predominance.

scholarly journals Uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility profile in a tertiary carehospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Anjali Agarwal ◽  
Jyoti Srivastava ◽  
Seema Bose ◽  
Ujjwal Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common infections in the community and hospitals. Uropathogens colonize the urinary tract and may ascend to bladder causing cystitis, if left untreated reach kidneys through ureters can be responsible for acute pyelonephritis and cause renal damage. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care hospital.This is an observational study conducted in Microbiology department, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki.A total of 623 urine(mid-stream) samples were collected from indoor and outdoor departments of hospital and culture was done on UTI chromogenic agar using semiquantitative method. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Prevalence of urinary tract infections is 29% in the study. (43%) is the most common micro-organism isolated followed by (13%), (11%), (10.4%), (8.8%), (3.3%), (1.6%), CONS & (1.1%) and (6.6%). The females(56.6%) are more commonly affected than males.In the present study, beta-lactamase inhibitors and aminoglycosides were effective drugs against gram negative bacteria. Vancomycin and linezolid were sensitive in gram positive bacteria. Nitrofurantoin is the promising drug in cases of uncomplicated UTI, and safe to use in pregnancy. High recurrence rates and antimicrobial resistance are responsible for increasing the burden of disease. It is advised to use the antibiotics judiciously as per the hospital antibiotic policy which will help prevent multidrug resistance micro-organism further reducing morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from various clinical sample in a tertiary care hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774
Author(s):  
Bitopan Das ◽  
Mrinmoy Sarma ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Palashi Borah ◽  
Sushama Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent causes of many bacterial infections, including Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), blood stream infections, otitis media, pneumonia, meningitis, traveler’s diarrhoea, enteric infections and systemic infections. This study was done with the aim to surveying antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolated Escherichia coli in both sex attended in NIMS Hospital, Jaipur under the taken time period.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 62 Escherichia coli were isolated from various clinical specimens of the patients attending both OPD and IPD. The strains were selected using the laboratory standard methods and culture-specific. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: Out of total 62 isolates of Escherichia coli 26(41.93%) isolates were from male while 36(58.064%) from female patients. Maximum sensitivity were shown by Polymyxin B and Colistin i.c 100% followed by Nitrofuratonin 82.5% followed by Meropenem 79.03%, Aztreonam 72.58%, Piperacillin/ Tazobactam and Ciprofloxacin 61.30%, each Amikacin 56.45%, Imipenem 54.83%, Ofloxacin 45.16%, Cefepime 43.54%, Ceftazidime 38.71%, Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone 37.09% each, Cefotaxime 30.64%, Norfloxacin 27.5%. Maximum resistance shown against Norfloxacin 72.5%, followed by Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone 62.90%, Ceftazidime 61.30%.Conclusions: Escherichia coli infected more in urinary tract infection as compare to other sample in human, and it is common in female than male. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility for E.coli is recommended to improve treatment. A changing trend in antibiotic sensitivity profile of the isolates need to be monitored as there is limited availability of newer drugs and the emergence of resistant bacteria far exceeds the rate of new drug development.

scholarly journals A study on catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens causing CAUTI from a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Archana Rao K ◽  
Vishwajith ◽  
Ritika Sahkare ◽  
Sangeetha S
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), remains the commonest hospital-acquired infection (HAI). This emphasizes the need to implement and monitor effective infection control programs to reduce the risk of CAUTI. Aim of the present study was to determine the etiology with antibiotic susceptibility and also to calculate CAUTI rate. The Patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU), Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital who were on urinary catheter insertion for >48 hours from 1 August, 2019 to 30 September, 2019 were included in the study. Under aseptic conditions urine samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of CAUTI, the samples were processed in the department of Microbiology, as per standard protocols. Uropathogens were isolated, identified and subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test. CAUTI rate was calculated and results were noted. Among 460 patients on catheter in ICU, 28(6%) patients developed clinical signs or symptoms of UTI. Of 28 urine samples cultured, 4(14%) yielded growth of single organis [Escherichia coli (3), Klebsiella (1)] and 24(86%) showed no evidence of growth. 2300 catheter days were obtained of 460 patients on indwelling catheter in ICU. Thus CAUTI rate was 1.74 per 1000 catheter days over a 2 month period.CAUTI remained a great burden to patient safety and a challenge to the infection control team. Implementation of proper care bundles and continuous education to health care workers plays a key role in reducing the CAUTI rates, thereby decreasing the morbidity and hospital stay to the patients.

scholarly journals TO STUDY ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF NONFERMENTATIVE GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, JAIPUR.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirti Hemwani ◽  
P. S. Nirwan ◽  
Preeti Shrivastava ◽  
Abhiraj Ramchandani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Nonfermentative gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) frequently considered as commensals or contaminants but the pathogenic potential of nonfermenters has been proved beyond doubt. They are resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. Aim: This study was undertaken to identify the nonfermenters isolated from various clinical samples and to know their Antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 150 strains of Nonfermenters isolated from 1200 various non repetitive clinical samples received in Department of Microbiology, NIMS Jaipur. Nonfermenters were identified using a standard protocol and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed with the help of the modified Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 150 nonfermenters isolated, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate 134 (89.33%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii 16 (10.67%). Among all clinical samples Pus and Wound Discharge yield maximum isolates of NFGNB i.e. 54 (36%) % followed by sputum (39.0%). Most sensitive drug against NFGNB was Polymyxin-B (100%) followed by Imipenem (86 %) and Amikacin (71.33 %). Conclusion: Nonfermenters have a great potential to survive in a hospital environment so implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs and strict infection control practices will be required to prevent or slow down their emergence and spread. Keywords:  Nonfermenters,  Polymyxin-B, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multidrug-resistant isolates from patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Jaison Jayakaran ◽  
Nirupa Soundararajan ◽  
Priyadarshini Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain as the most common infection. Catheter-associated (CA) UTI can lead to bacteremia and thereby is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients in our country. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to check the prevalence of CAUTI and study the phenotypic and genotypic characters of the multidrug-resistant organisms in a tertiary care hospital, with special reference to NDM-1 and OXA-23. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 231 urine samples from patients with CA-UTI in different wards in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 3 months between June and August 2018 were collected and processed following the standard protocol. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by disk-diffusion method. Modified Hodge test (MHT) was done to isolate carbapenem-resistant isolates, and polymerase chain reaction was done to detect NDM-1 and OXA-23. RESULTS: Out of 231 samples, 101 samples yielded significant growth. These 38 samples were Gram-negative bacilli which were resistant to carbapenems. Out of the 38 which showed carbapenem resistance, 23 were MHT positive. Out of the 23 MHT-positive isolates, 8 (21.05%) were positive for NDM-1 gene and only 1 (2.6%) was positive for the OXA-23 gene. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that carbapenem-resistant isolates from all the CA urinary tract-infected patients were 52.77% and most of them were Klebsiella. About 21% of them harbored the NDM-1 gene whereas only 2% had the OXA-23 gene. There has been an alarming increase in the spread of carbapenem resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antibiogram of Bacterial Uropathogens of Urinary Tract Infections from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Sanjee ◽  
M. E. Karim ◽  
T. Akter ◽  
M. A. K. Parvez ◽  
M. Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequently occurring infections majority of which are caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) uropathogens. Hence, the present study was designed to find out the prevalence of bacterial pathogens causing UTIs and to determine their antibiotic resistance patterns against different classes of antibiotics. Clean-catch midstream urine samples were collected from 200 UTI patients of different sex and age groups. The uropathogens were isolated using Hi-Chrome UTI agar, Blood agar, MacConkey agar and then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility analysis against nine antibiotics of different classes using Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method. From 55.08% positive samples, it was found that females were more prone to UTIs than males and in both cases; the prevalence rate was higher in the age group 21-40 years (33%). Among the uropathogens, E.coli was the predominant etiological agent (57.38%) followed by Enterococcus sp. (36.06%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.28%) and Staphylococcus aureus (3.28%). The pathogens showed remarkable amount of sensitivity against Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin. The present experiment can be helpful for the clinicians in finding proper drugs in the developing countries like Bangladesh where multi-drug resistance problem has just complicated the treatment of UTIs.

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