scholarly journals Triple super phosphate as a source of phosphorus in the diet of growing bull

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
A Akter ◽  
ZH Khandaker
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
P Content ◽  
Triple Super Phosphate ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Average Serum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The study was conducted to investigate the use of Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) as a source of phosphorus in growing cattle. Twelve indigenous growing bull (initial live weight of 150 ± 10 kg) were assigned to four dietary treatments, viz. basal diet (T0) containing 0.14% P and basal diet was supplemented with TSP to provide P levels of 0.24 (T1), 0.35 (T2) and 0.45% (T3) respectively. All diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic. Significant (P<0.05) differences in dry matter intake (DMI) were observed among the dietary treatments. The DMI (g/d) of animals fed diet having 0.35% P was higher than the diet containing 0.14, 0.24 and 0.45% P. The apparent digestibility of DM and OM were significantly (P<0.01) affected but CP and EE were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the supplementation of P from TSP. The digestibility of CF and NFE was significantly (P<0.01) higher for diets T2 (0.35% P) compared to diet containing 0.14, 0.24 and 0.45% P. Apparent absorption of P was significantly (P<0.05) higher in animals fed on diet containing 0.14% phosphorous (T0) than diets with 0.35 and 0.45% phosphorus and true absorption (g/100g) of P was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the animals fed on diets T0 (0.14% P) than those fed on other diets (T1, T2 and T3. Phosphorus balance was significantly (P<0.01) higher for diets T1 (4.37 g/d), T2 (5.75 g/d) and T3 (7.09 g/d) compared to diet T0 (2.87 g/d) and highest value was observed on diet T3. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference among the mean values for live weight gain and the highest daily live weight gain was observed for diet T2 (69.44g) compared to the other diets T0, T1 and T3). The average serum P concentration of animals fed on diets T1, T2 and T3 was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of animal fed on diet T0. The results suggested that supplementation of TSP as a source of phosphorus increased total DMI, digestibility of CF, NFE, P retention, P content of blood serum and live weight gain of growing calves. Therefore, supplementation of 0.21% P from TSP may be used in growing cattle ration. Key words: Phosphorus; Triple super phosphate; Growing bull DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9681 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 89-96

scholarly journals The Bioavailability Of Phosphorous From Bone Meal And Triple Super Phosphate And Its Effects On Indigenous Growing Cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
ZH Khandaker ◽  
ABM Khaleduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Triple Super Phosphate ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The bioavailability of phosphorous, and blood serum and rumen liquor P level was studied in indigenous growing cattle by feeding bone meal and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) with control diet. Nine indigenous growing cattle (live weight of 164 ± 21 kg) were randomly assigned in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to three dietary treatments, consisted of a basal diet (T0) of 0.16% P and experimental diets supplemented with bone meal (T1) and triple super phosphate (T2) to provide P level of 0.44%. All diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Three cannulated animals were used for rumen liquor P level study by feeding three diets. Apparent absorption and balance of P were significantly (P<0.01) higher in T1 and T2 diets than that of diet T0, but true absorption did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Bioavailability of P of control diet (37.41%), bone meal (81.45%) and triple super phosphate (80.49%) were significantly differed (P<0.01). Rumen liquor and blood serum P level differed significantly (P<0.01). Supplementation of bone meal and triple super phosphate results in high blood serum P (P>0.05) with no difference between bone meal and triple super phosphate. The results suggested that the bioavailability of P from bone meal and TSP was high and dietary supplementation of P with bone meal and TSP improved P retention and blood serum P level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9882 BJAS 2008; 37(2): 58-65

scholarly journals Performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs fed varying levels of beniseed (Sesamum indicum L.) hull in replacement for maize (Zea mays LINN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
R. Olajide ◽  
E. K. Asaniyan ◽  
S. M. Aro ◽  
O. B. Olusegun
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Large White ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Sixty (60) grower-finisher pigs (Landrace x Large white) were used to investigate the nutritional value of beniseed hull (BSH) as substitute for maize on performance, carcass, and organs characteristics of the experimental animals. Five experimental diets were formulated by incorporating BSH into basal diet to replace maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%; designated as T1 (control), T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. The experimental pigs were individually weighed and assigned to five dietary treatments of three replicates of four animals each in a completely randomized design. The animals were fed for 2 weeks pre-experimental period and thereafter for ten weeks during which data were collected. Feed cost per kg live weight gain (? 668.67) of the animals fed 0% BSH significantly (P<0.05) reduced to ? 620.06 (25% BSH), ? 527.24 (50% BSH), ? 509.74 (75% BSH) and ? 456.73 (100% BSH). The bled weight, scald weight, eviscerated weight, dressing percentage, bacon, fore hock, hind hock and tail were significantly (P<0.05) affected by dietary treatments. The biggest liver weight (2.27g/kg) obtained in the animals fed the control diet (0% BSH) reduced significantly (P<0.05) to 2.20 (25% BSH), 1.91 (50% BSH), 1.76 (75% BSH) and 2.00 (100% BSH). Variations obtained in the kidney weight (0.40 g/kg) of the experimental animals fed with 25% BSH-based diets were similar (P>0.05) to 0.38 g/kg in the control (0% BSH) with both significantly (P<0.05) reduced to 0.36 (50% BSH), 0.36 (75% BSH) and 0.32 (100% BSH), respectively. Beniseed hull (BSH) poses no health challenge to the pigs used in this study. There were reductions in the cost/kg and cost of feed per kilogram live-weight gain with increasing levels of BSH in the diets, the lowest being at 100% level of substitution; beniseed hull could economically and safely replace maize in pig's diets up to 100% level.

scholarly journals The relative biological potencies of retinyl palmitate and β-carotene for the milk-fed lamb

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Faruque ◽  
D. M. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Retinyl Esters ◽  
Β Carotene

1. Thirty-four cross-bred newborn lambs were used. A high-protein diet (25% protein calories) was supplemented daily with retinyl palmitate (range, 13.75–440 μg/kg live weight 24 h), or with β-carotene (range, 68.5–2200 μg/kg live weight 24 h) for 21 days.2. Live-weight gain was not increased by supplementing the basal diet with either retinyl palmitate or β-carotene.3. The relative weights of β-carotene and retinyl palmitate (expressed as retinol) that were required to produce equivalent concentrations of retinol in the serum varied from 5:1 to 25:1, and for the liver (retinal + retinyl esters, expressed as retinol) the ratio varied from 3:1 to 9:1.

Factors affecting food efficiency and body composition of growing ruminants offered straw-based diets: supplementation with lipids with and without protein meal

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. J. van Houtert ◽  
H. B. Perdok ◽  
R. A. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Body Fat Content

ABSTRACTGrowing heifers (experiment 1) and wether lambs (experiments 2 and 3) were offered ammoniated cereal straw with or without a protein meal. The effects of supplementation with long-chain fatty acids (LCFA; as calcium salts of LCFA (CaLCFA) or fat prills) on nutrient utilization were studied.Intake of the basal diet (g/kg live weight) was unaffected by the protein meal, but was often reduced by supplementation with LCFA, especially fat prills. Live-weight gain was increased both by supplementation with protein meal and CaLCFA. Fat prills only increased live-weight gain in the presence of protein meal and depressed live-weight gain in the absence of protein meal. There were small differences between the two sources of LCFA in their apparent effects on rumen fermentation.Supplementation with protein meal increased relative protein content (P < 0·05) and tended to increase water content (P > 0·05) in the wethers in experiment 3 (corrected to equal empty-body weight at slaughter). Of the LCFA, only CaLCFA tended to increase relative body fat content (by proportionately 0·23; (P > 0·05) but decreased relative protein and water content by 0·05 and 0·06 (P < 0·05).Supplementation of straw-based diets with as little as 20 g CaLCFA per kg food dry matter improved live-weight gain and efficiency of nutrient utilization of ruminants, particularly when offered in combination with a protein meal. There appeared to be marked differences in the effects of CaLCFA and fat prills on food intake, productivity and to some extent body composition.

scholarly journals Nitrogen balance studies with the milk-fed lamb

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Walker ◽  
L. J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dietary Treatments

1. Sixteen male cross-bred lambs were given four diets, which differed in the ratio of protein to energy. The protein contents of the diets (on a dry-matter basis) were: 6.1% (diet A), 11.9% (diet B), 17.5% (diet C) and 22.9% (diet D).2. The experimental period of 7 weeks was divided into two 2-week periods (periods 1 and 2), and one 3-week period. The diets given to the lambs were changed between period 1 and period 2. In period 3 all the lambs were given the same dietary treatment as in period 2.3. The daily feed intake of the lambs was regulated according to live weight. Adjustments were made at the beginning of period 1 and of period 2. The level of feeding was 121 kcal/kg live weight 24 h. In period 3 the intake was the same as in period 2.4. Diet digestibility, live-weight gain, and nitrogen and sulphur balances were calculated for each lamb on each diet in all the periods. Wool growth on sample areas was measured over a 2-week and a 4-week period. These wool growth periods corresponded to treatment period 1, and treatment periods 2 and 3, respectively. At the end of the experiment the lambs were slaughtered and the composition of carcass and organs was determined.5. The mean digestibilities of energy, N, ether extractives and dry matter increased significantly as the protein content of the diet increased.6. The live-weight gain increased with increasing protein content of the diets, but only the difference between the means for diet A and all other diets was significant.7. The N and S balances increased with increasing intake of apparently digested N and S, and all differences between the means for individual diets were highly significant.8. There was a significant correlation between N balance and live-weight gain for each diet. However, when compared at the same late of gain, N balance increased as the protein content or the diet increased.9. Wool growth on the sample areas increased with an increase in the protein content of the diet and all differences between the means for individual diets were highly significant. There were no significant differences between the dietary treatments in their effect on the N and S contents of the wool. The mean values were 15.7% N and 2.87% S.10. The retention of N in the wool grown did not account for the increased N retention on the diets of higher protein content. The lambs given diet A, retained more N and S in wool than was supplied by the diet.11. The percentage of fat in the carcass decreased, and the percentage of protein increased as the protein content of the diet increased. The percentages of moisture and ash were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments.12. The percentages of moisture in the liver, pancreas and muscle decreased and the percentages of protein in the liver and muscle increased as the protein content of the diet increased. The ratio of N in the organs (with the exception of the spleen and pancreas) to N in the carcass was highest for lambs given the diet with least protein (diet A).

The effect of the addition of large amounts of cod-liver oil to the rations of yearling heifers on their rate of live-weight gain

1965 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Broster
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Live Weight Gain

1. Groups of twenty-four heifers were used in three experiments lasting 51–98 days. The effect on rate of live-weight gain of the addition of 150 ml. cod-liver oil to the daily ration was studied.2. The same treatments were used in each experiment: a basal diet consisting of hay and concentrates and two experimental diets consisting of the basal diet plus (a) 3 lb. concentrates, (b) 150 ml. (0·30 lb.) cod-liver oil. In one experiment flaked maize was used in the concentrates in place of crushed barley.

The response of store lambs to protein supplementation of a roughage-based diet

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Hassan ◽  
M. J. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
True Digestibility

ABSTRACTThe response of 35-kg store lambs to diets containing increasing rumen-undegradable nitrogen (UDN) concentrations was measured by live-weight gain and nitrogen (N) balance. A range of UDN concentrations from 2·4 to 7·2 g/kg dietary dry matter was achieved by supplementing a basal diet of NaOH-treated barley straw, tapioca, extracted rapeseed meal and minerals with both formaldehyde-treated rapeseed meal and fish meal. Sufficient diet to provide maintenance and a growth rate of 150 g/day was given to the lambs, according to live weight. Increasing levels of UDN promoted a linear increase in live-weight gain and N retention. However, the response to fish meal was greater than that for formaldehyde-treated rapeseed meal. The true digestibility of N of formaldehyde-treated rapeseed meal determined in chickens by ileal analysis was low in comparison to that of untreated rapeseed meal.

scholarly journals Effects of Licorice Extract Supplementation on Feed Intake, Digestion, Rumen Function, Blood Indices and Live Weight Gain of Karakul Sheep

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Guo ◽  
Long Cheng ◽  
Junfeng Liu ◽  
Sujiang Zhang ◽  
Xuezhao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Licorice Extract ◽  
Cottonseed Hull ◽  
Measurement Period

This study was designed to investigate the effects of licorice extract supplemented to a cottonseed hull-based diet on rumen function, blood indices and growth of Karakul sheep. Twelve rumen-fistulated 1.5-year-old sheep were blocked in pairs by live weight. Sheep within pairs were randomly allocated to feed either on a cottonseed hull basal diet (control group) or on a basal diet containing 4.5% of licorice extract on dry matter (DM) basis (supplemented group). Sheep were housed individually and fed for 60 days, with a 15-day adaptation period and a 45-day measurement period. Feed intake and live weight gain were quantified. Rumen and blood samples were taken during the measurement period. The DM intake was lower for the supplemented group than for the control group. The mean ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acid (VFA) and acetate and the ratio of acetate to propionate were lower, while the levels of propionate and butyrate were higher for the supplemented group than for the control group. Average daily live weight gain, digestible energy intake, apparent nutrient digestibility and feed conversion efficiency did not differ between the two treatments. The serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A and G were 2.1 and 1.8 times greater, and total antioxidant and superoxide dismutase increased by 1.8 and 1.2 times in the supplemented group compared with the control group. These results indicated that licorice extract supplementation in the diet at 4.5% of DM had a limited impact on rumen function but improved blood immunoglobulin and anti-oxidative status of Karakul sheep, without impairment of feed conversion efficiency or live weight gain.

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