Pharmacognostic studies of Morinda brevipes S. Y. Hu

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
Rong Li ◽  
Xiaojing Lin ◽  
Genqiu Tang ◽  
Junni Li ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Needle Crystal ◽  
Cork Cell ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Inequality Type

DNA barcoding of ITS and psbA-trnH regions, histochemistry as well as thin layer chromatography (TLC) of Morinda brevipes S.Y. Hu were analyzed. Transverse section of root revealed the presence of cortex, xylem, cork cell, stone cells, and calcium oxalate sandy crystal. The lower epidermis cells showed many stoma in paracytic or inequality type. Spiral vessel and tiny calcium oxalate needle crystal usually appeared in the powder. TLC showed the presence of emodin in M. brevipes. Phytochemical studies revealed the existence of carbohydrates, saponins, tannins, flavones, anthraquinones, alkaloids and volatile oils. The ITS and psbAtrnH sequences were found for the first time which were submitted to NCBI to obtain the GenBank registration number. This study might play an important role in the identification, and utilization of M. brevipes for various purposes.

Pharmacognostical and Histochemical Studies on Apakva Kadali (Unripe Banana Fruit): Musa × paradisiaca L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Kartar S Dhiman ◽  
Shantha T Ramasheshan ◽  
Prathapa R Maramreddy ◽  
Patchaimal Pitchaiah ◽  
Kishore K Ramakrishana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
The Family ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Unripe Fruits

ABSTRACT The unripe fruit of Musa × paradisiaca L., classically known as apakva kadali, belonging to the family Musaceae, is used as pathya in atisara (diarrhea), in grahani (irritable bowel syndrome), and agnimandya (loss of appetite). The unripe fruits are considered to be helpful in the management of diabetes mellitus. Being an important medicinal plant, the present investigation is an attempt to explore the pharmacognostical analysis and thin-layer chromatography fingerprint studies on the widely used Musa. × paradisiaca L. The studies revealed that unripe banana fruit showed the presence of small outer protrusion of papillae on the epidermis, abundant tannin-containing cells in the epicarp and mesocarp. Elongated air-spaced cells are surrounded by the parenchyma cells in the epicarp, abundant starch grains in the mesocarp portion, and acicular crystals of calcium oxalate in raphide bundles. To detect the location of various constituents of the drug, sections of unripe fruits were treated with various reagents, and studies showed the presence of phenols, protein, calcium oxalate, magnesium, starch, cellulose, calcium pectate, lignin, sulfated mucopolysaccharides, tannin, and silica contents. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenols, proteins, starch, tannins, steroids, and saponins. How to cite this article Ramasheshan ST, Maramreddy PR, Pitchaiah P, Ramakrishana KK, Bharti V, Gaddam V, Tewari D, Mangal AK, Srikanth N, Dhiman KS. Pharmacognostical and Histochemical Studies on Apakva Kadali (Unripe Banana Fruit): Musa × paradisiaca L. J Drug Res Ayurvedic Sci 2017;2(1):10-17.

A microscopic marker experiment study on high temperature oxidation of Ni-Al alloy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
Shou-kong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Metal Interface ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
First Time

Transmission and analytical electron microscopic studies of scale microstructures and microscopic marker experiments have been carried out in order to determine the transport mechanism in the oxidation of Ni-Al alloy. According to the classical theory, the oxidation of nickel takes place by transport of Ni cations across the scale forming new oxide at the scale/gas interface. Any markers deposited on the Ni surface are expected to remain at the scale/metal interface after oxidation. This investigation using TEM transverse section techniques and deposited microscopic markers shows a different result,which indicates that a considerable amount of oxygen was transported inward. This is the first time that such fine-scale markers have been coupled with high resolution characterization instruments such as TEM/STEM to provide detailed information about evolution of oxide scale microstructure.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Serphidium kaschgaricum (Krasch.) Poljak. Volatiles on Selected Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Shixing Zhou ◽  
Toshmatov Zokir ◽  
Yu Mei ◽  
Lijing Lei ◽  
Kai Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Stem Leaf

The chemical profile and allelopathic effect of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by a dominant shrub Serphidium kaschgaricum (Krasch.) Poljak. growing in northwestern China was investigated for the first time. Serphidium kaschgaricu was found to release volatile compounds into the surroundings to affect other plants’ growth, with its VOCs suppressing root elongation of Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Poa annua L. by 65.47% and 60.37% at 10 g/1.5 L treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, volatile oils produced by stems, leaves, flowers and flowering shoots exhibited phytotoxic activity against A. retroflexus and P. annua. At 0.5 mg/mL, stem, leaf and flower oils significantly reduced seedling growth of the receiver plants, and 1.5 mg/mL oils nearly completely prohibited seed germination of both species. GC/MS analysis revealed that among the total 37 identified compounds in the oils, 19 of them were common, with eucalyptol (43.00%, 36.66%, 19.52%, and 38.68% in stem, leaf, flower and flowering shoot oils, respectively) and camphor (21.55%, 24.91%, 21.64%, and 23.35%, respectively) consistently being the dominant constituents in all oils. Eucalyptol, camphor and their mixture exhibited much weaker phytotoxicity compared with the volatile oils, implying that less abundant compounds in the volatile oil might contribute significantly to the oils’ activity. Our results suggested that S. kaschgaricum was capable of synthesizing and releasing allelopathic volatile compounds into the surroundings to affect neighboring plants’ growth, which might improve its competitiveness thus facilitate the establishment of dominance.

PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY GLYCYRRHIZA PALLIDIFLORA HERB (GLYCYRRHIZA PALLIDIFLORA MAXIM.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Maltseva E.M. ◽  
Egorova I.N. ◽  
Pinchuk L.G.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Plant Antioxidants ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
First Time

Pale-flowered licorice (Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora Maxim.) is the pea family (Fabaceae) perennial herb. It is a Russian Far East endemic. Pale-flowered licorice refers to the false (not sweet) licorice section (Pseudoglycyrrhiza Krug.), which do not accumulate glycyrrhizin derivatives. The G. pallidiflora successful introduction has been carried out over the past 5 years in the “Apothecary garden” territory, FRC UUH SB RAS, Kemerovo. Phytochemical studies screening biologically active compounds main classes of the plant aerial part confirmed the presence of a complex of phenolic compounds. The content of catechin derivatives and condensed-type tannins - proanthocyanidins (PAC) data in G. pallidiflora herb were obtained for the first time. In different years of cultivation, licorice herb accumulates phenolic compounds - up to 2.83 ± 0.22% in terms of gallic acid, flavonoids - up to 2.44 ± 0.03% in terms of rutin and PAC in terms of cyanidine chloride - up to 2.61 ± 0.11%. It was found that the maximum content of the phenolic compounds and PAC sum was observed in the herb for 4 years development. The greatest number of flavonoids accumulates in the herb harvested in the 3rd year of cultivation. A positive significant linear relation was found between antioxidant activity (AOA) and the total phenolic compounds and PAC content (r≥0.98). Considering that BAC with IC values ≤ 50 μg / ml in the DPPH assay refer to active antioxidant’s licorice herb can be classified as a plant with high antioxidant potential. It was found that the iron chelating activity of the G. pallidiflora herb is in direct dependence (r≥0.94) on the content of flavonoids. The obtained results demonstrate the importance of further study of this plant as a source of BAC, including plant antioxidants.

scholarly journals Phytochemical studies and thin layer chromatography of leaves and flower extracts of Senna siamea lam for possible biomedical applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamu Hassan Ismail ◽  
Abdullahi Nasiru Idris ◽  
Muhammed Malut Amina ◽  
Abdulkadir S Ibrahim ◽  
Sani Ali Audu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Senna Siamea ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Layer Chromatography

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF AN AZIDE–THIOL LINKER FOR HETEROGENEOUS POLYMER FUNCTIONALIZATION VIA THE “CLICK” REACTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1B) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Thuy Thu Truong
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Click Reaction ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Heterogeneous Polymer ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
First Time ◽  
Layer Chromatography

In this study, the synthesis of a telechelic linker bearing both azide and thiol functional groups was described. The reaction conditions were investigated to optimize the reaction yield. The product was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The employment of the obtained azide–thiol linker in heterogeneous polymer “click” functionalization was demonstrated for the first time, which was monitored by an online FT–IR method. The obtained telechelic azide–thiol linker is envisioned to be useful chemical tools to link macromolecular chains via orthogonal click reactions.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents of Euphorbia tirucalli L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Dung Thi Kim Le ◽  
Hao Xuan Bui ◽  
Tuyet Thi Anh Nguyen ◽  
Tuyen Nguyen Kim Pham ◽  
Huy Thuc Duong
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Euphorbia Tirucalli ◽  
Arjunolic Acid ◽  
First Time ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Euphorbia tirucalli has not been chemically studied much in Vietnam. This research described the isolation and elucidation of compounds isolated from the plant collected in Binh Thuan. Multiple chromatographic methods were applied, including normal phase silica gel column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. Seven compounds were isolated and their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis as well as comparing their data with the ones in the literature. They are arjunolic acid (1), eriodictyol (2), quercitrin (3), afzelin (4), scopoletin (5), 3,3′,4- trimethylellagic acid (6), and gallic acid (7). Among them, compound 1 a major component was isolated for the first time in Euphorbia genus, while three compounds 2, 4, and 5 were isolated from this species for the first time.

CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM CITRUS PEELS BY-PRODUCTS USING CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND OPTIC METHODS

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Cristina Mihali ◽  
◽  
Thomas Dippong ◽  
Anca Dumuţa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Region ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Complex Composition ◽  
Citrus Peels ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
By Products ◽  
Extracting Agents

Citrus fruits such as orange, grapefruit, lemon and other citrus fruit are widely cultivated and processed generating large amounts of by-products. Citrus peels contain various compounds of economic importance such as volatile oils, flavonoids, polyphenols, carotenoids etc. It is essential to valorize the wastes of citrus processing. In this purpose, peels of orange, grapefruit and lemon, fresh and dried were subjected to extraction using trichloromethane and dichloromethane as extracting agents and analyzed by thin layer chromatography on silica gel plates. Visualization at 366 nm and 254 nm showed a complex composition of extracts that contain terpenes, oxygen heterocyclic substances derivatives of coumarin and carotenoids. The UV-VIS spectra of the extracts were recorded showing absorption in UV and Visible region.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTIC STANDARDIZATION, PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TLC FINGERPRINTING OF THE BARK OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Neelutpal Gogoi ◽  
Biman Bhuyan ◽  
Trinayan Deka
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cork Cell ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objectives: In this study, systematic pharmacognostic study and preliminary phytochemical screening of the bark of Cascabela thevetia L. were carried out. Methods: The selected plant part was collected, processed and stored in an airtight container. From the bark different pharmacognostic studies like macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, physicochemical parameters, fluorescence analysis were done. Powdered bark was successively extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus and finally macerated with the hydro-alcoholic solvent system (30:70). The preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin layer chromatography of the extracts were done to find the nature and number of the different phytoconstituents present. Results: Transverse microscopy reveals the presence of crystal oxalate, cork cell, starch granules, vascular bundle, phloem fiber, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Powder microscopy also showed the presence of cork cell, fiber and calcium oxalate crystal. Results obtained in different physicochemical analysis like total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, alcohol-soluble extractive, water-soluble extractive, and moisture content were 8.67%, 0.83%, 5.33%, 4.53%, 12.27%, and 7.83% respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, phytosterol, tannin, saponin, anthraquinone, carbohydrate and fatty acid in the different extracts. TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) study revealed 4 spots in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts and 3 spots in the Hydro-alcoholic extract with different solvent systems. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study will provide a reliable basis for identification, purity, and quality of the plant.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Essential Oils of Amomum aromaticum Fruits in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hai Dang ◽  
Le Thi Van Anh ◽  
Nguyen Tien Dat
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Physiologic Response ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time

Inflammation is a vital physiologic response of cellular injury, infection, or autoimmune activation. Overproduction of proinflammatory mediators may result in the chronic inflammation that leads to many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, and atherosclerosis. In this study, we assessed for the first time the anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils of Amomum aromaticum fruits (AAE) in RAW264.7 murine macrophage model. As a result, AAE potently inhibited the production of nitric oxide in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 value of 0.45 ± 0.11 μg/ml. AAE also dose-dependently reduced the expression of two proinflammatory proteins iNOS and COX-2 in the stimulated cells. Phytochemical analysis revealed that major compositions of the volatile oils including 1,8 cineole (48.22%), geranial (9.24%), neral (6.72%), α-pinene (2.43%), and α-terpineol (2.28%) may contribute greatly to the inhibition effects due to their anti-inflammatory properties. The results suggest for the potential uses of AAE in chronic inflammation prevention.

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