Effects of calcium-containing natural fertilizer on Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
LS Malyukova ◽  
ZV Pritula ◽  
NV Kozlova ◽  
AV Velikiy ◽  
EV Rogozhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Pigment Ratio ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Efficient Recovery

The effects of application of calcium-containing natural fertilizer on the functional state of the tea plant were studied. Application of calcium resulted weakening of the negative effects of high temperatures and water deficiency due to an increase in its heat resistance (on average by 30 - 40%), an increase in catalase activity (on average 5 - 10 %), as well as adaptive rearrangement of pigment ratio to increasing the content of carotenoids, chlorophylls and the their functional activity. In general, the more efficient functioning of the signaling intracellular network due to the calcium application provided better adaptability of plants to extreme conditions and more efficient recovery after subsequent rehydration, which in a whole contributed to an increase in shoot growth activity (on average 20%) and an increase in yield by an average of 27 - 33%.

scholarly journals Severe Water Deficiency during the Mid-Vegetative and Reproductive Phase has Little Effect on Proso Millet Performance

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grašič ◽  
Golob ◽  
Vogel-Mikuš ◽  
Gaberščik
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Proso Millet

Climate change can result in extreme droughts, significantly affecting crop production. C4 crop proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) has the lowest water consumption among all of the cereal crops. Understanding its survival mechanisms is thus crucial for agriculture. Furthermore, yield reduction does not only occur directly due to water shortage, but is also a consequence of an impaired element uptake during drought. This study aimed to examine the effect of water deficiency on proso millet leaf traits, plant biomass partition, and yield. In addition, leaf element contents were analysed, including silicon, which is an important multifunctional element for grasses. The majority of the measured parameters showed little change from the control to the moderate and severe water shortage treatments, even though the soil moisture levels differed significantly. The most pronounced reduction in comparison to the control was for leaf biomass, leaf stomatal conductance, and leaf silicon, phosphorus, calcium, and sulphur contents. Conversely, an increase was obtained for leaf potassium and chlorine contents. Panicle biomass was the same for all plant groups. Leaf silicon was positively correlated to reflectance in the UV region, while leaf calcium was negatively correlated to reflectance in the visible regions, which might prevent damage due to short-wave UV radiation and provide sufficient visible light for photosynthesis. The efficient light and water management, reduction of leaf biomass, and same-sized root system may be the mechanisms that mitigate the negative effects of water shortage in proso millet.

scholarly journals Influences of water deficiency on the productivity of young plants at different sites

2018 ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Katalin Sárdi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Site Characteristics

Water deficiency has become one of the most limiting factors of crop production in Hungary as the tendency in annual amounts of precipitation shows a decreasing tendency; therefore, it has become similar to those of Southern Europe. The most significant decrease in precipitation occurs typically during spring, approximately 20% of the data expressed in the averages of the last century. Studying the relationship between water deficiency as a stress factor and nutrient supply is important in order to improve the production efficiency of crops. Nowadays, this problem receives outstanding attention presented in numerous papers both in Hungary and globally, however, there are several questions yet to be answered. Our pot experiments were carried out under controlled greenhouse conditions in order to establish new data on these relationships. Experimental soils were typical for Western Transdanubia, taken from long-term field experiments representing four different site characteristics of the region. It was concluded from the results that drought periods during the early growth stages (i.e. 4–5 weeks after emergence) of plants may result in significant decreases in both dry matter production, nutrient concentrations, nutrient uptake and shoot:root ratios. Better nutrient supply, especially potassium, plays a significant role in reducing the negative effects of water deficiency.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF COMPETITION AND WATER DEFICIENCY ON SUNFLOWER AND WEED GROWTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
MURILO MEIRA SOARES ◽  
CLÁUDIA DAIANNY MELO FREITAS ◽  
FERNANDO SARMENTO DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
HÉLIDA CAMPOS DE MESQUITA ◽  
TATIANE SEVERO SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT In the agricultural environment, the occurrence of biotic and abiotic stresses, such as weed interference and soil water deficit is common. However, little is known about the effects of the interaction of these stresses on the growth of cultivated crops and weed species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of competition and water deficiency on the growth of sunflowers and weeds. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial design, with the first factor corresponding to the competition arrangements between the species (sunflower + Waltheria indica; sunflower + Amaranthus spinosus; and sunflower, W. indica, and A. spinosus in monoculture without competition) and the second factor corresponding to water regimes (irrigated and water deficit). The water deficit regime was established when the sunflower plants had six expanded leaves (V6 stage) and was maintained until the rate of CO2 assimilation of the plants reached values close to zero (6 days), after which irrigation was resumed and maintained until 40 days after emergence, when the plants were collected and evaluated. The growth components evaluated were plant height, leaf area, dry leaf mass, dry stem mass, dry root mass, and total dry mass. Competition between plants decreased sunflower, W. indica, and A. spinosus growth. W. indica and A. spinosus aggravated the negative effects of water deficiency on sunflower growth. The water deficit regime did not affect the growth of W. indica. A. spinosus was more competitive with the sunflower than was W. indica.

scholarly journals Root over-production in heterogeneous nutrient environment has no negative effects on Zea mays shoot growth in the field

2016 ◽  
Vol 409 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zed Rengel ◽  
Qinghua Ma ◽  
Fusuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nutrient Environment

scholarly journals Psychological and psycho-vegetative technologies of diagnostics and correction the behavior of professionals working in extreme conditions (state of problem and prospective studies)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Bulygina ◽  
S.V. Shport ◽  
A.A. Dubinsky ◽  
A.S. Vasilchenko
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Psychological Assistance

The article is devoted to promising areas of research regulatory processes (self-control) оf the professionals working in special and extreme conditions of professional activity. The actuality of creation a comprehensive compact of the selection methods, adaptation the technologies to professional tasks, methods of psychological assistance of the specialists of hazardous occupations was shown. It was done an overview of foreign studies of the features of psychological regulation and self-control in stressful situations, neurophysiological correlates of self-control and aggressive behavior. The results of trainings of the development of the capacity for self-control, increasing resistance to the negative effects of mental exhaustion, were described. There were expounded the results of domestic investigations of the association between the self-regulation of behavior and profile of reactivity among mentally healthy and ill persons. The necessity of the development of psychodiagnostic and psychological programs for specialists in the professions of risk, aimed to improve the efficiency of regulatory processes for the adaptation

scholarly journals The effect of caffeine in a nutrient medium on rhizogenesis of the Rubus genus plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Muratova ◽  
Roman V. Papikhin ◽  
Yuliya V. Khoroshkova
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Effective Range ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Tissue Necrosis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
Negative Effect

The paper presents data on the caffeine’s effect on microplants. As part of the rooting medium, caffeine can produce both positive and negative effects, depending on the concentration. The most effective range of caffeine concentrations in a nutrient medium, when plants of the Rubus genus are rooting, was determined – from 1 to 100 mg/l. The use of caffeine in optimal concentration enabled the acceleration of roots growth, increase in rooting frequency, and the number of roots per rooted microcuttings. A concentration of caffeine in excess of 0.1% has a negative effect on plant tissues, slowing down and stopping the formation of roots, shoot growth and causing tissue necrosis.

Improving the performance of canola in retained wheat stubble

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Bruce ◽  
M. H. Ryan ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. Pratley
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Stubble Retention ◽  
Initial Reduction ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Early Effects

Four field experiments investigated strategies to reduce the negative effects of surface-retained wheat stubble on the emergence, growth, and yield of canola. All experiments compared 3 stubble treatments: (1) no stubble (stubble removed or burnt); (2) stubble-spread (6 t/ha wheat stubble evenly distributed on the surface); and (3) stubble-inter-row (6 t/ha stubble distributed on the inter-rows only). Seedling emergence was reduced in the presence of evenly spread stubble compared with no stubble, and the emerged seedlings had longer hypocotyls, reduced leaf number, and reduced biomass. Reduced shoot growth was not associated with lower shoot N concentration. These early effects on shoot growth persisted at 3 of the 4 sites, resulting in average yield reductions of 26% (range 0–59%) in the stubble-spread treatments compared with no stubble. Restricting stubble to the inter-rows resulted in an initial reduction in seedling growth compared with no stubble, but this difference had diminished by flowering. The yield for the stubble inter-row treatment was similar to no stubble at 2 sites and intermediate between no stubble and stubble-spread at the other 2 sites, with an overall yield reduction of 5.3% compared with no stubble. The results indicate that the negative effects on canola performance of surface-retained wheat stubble can be largely eliminated by adopting sowing techniques that push wheat stubble away from the seeding row and onto the inter-row. This provides a viable option to stubble burning and maintains the benefits of stubble retention.

scholarly journals Effect of Motodashi-Motoyose (furrow application of fertilizer) on shoot growth of tea plant.

1985 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Hitoshi OKAI ◽  
Hisashi IWASAKI ◽  
Teruhisa YOSHIDA ◽  
Masashi HIRANO
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Tea Plant

Estimation of Ecotoxicity of Bismuth by Catalase Activity Depending on the Chemical Compounds and Buffer Soils

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Sudina ◽  
Sergey I. Kolesnikov ◽  
Tatiana V. Minnikova ◽  
Tigran A. Ter-Misakyants ◽  
Еlena N. Nevedomaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Bismuth Oxide ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Bismuth Nitrate ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soil Sensitivity

The results of studies of changes in the activity of catalase in ordinary chernozem, brown forest soil and sierosands under pollution with different of the bismuth chemical compounds: bismuth oxide, carbonate and nitrate are presented. It has been established that bismuth contamination of different types of soils reduces catalase activity, regardless of the chemical compounds. The toxicity of bismuth increases with an increase in the dose applied to the soil. Based on the chemical bismuth compounds, the average toxicity series for soils by catalase activity is as follows: bismuth nitrate (86)> bismuth carbonate (90) ≥ bismuth oxide (93). The greatest ecotoxicity is shown by bismuth nitrate due to its good solubility and greater mobility in the soil solution of Bi3+. The bismuth oxide showed slightly less negative effects. The series of soil sensitivity to bismuth pollution has the following sequence: ordinary chernozem (95) > sierosands (89) ≥ brown forest soil (86). The most resistant to contamination with bismuth soil is ordinary chernozem, and the most sensitive soil is brown forest soil.

scholarly journals 196 Growth of Grapevines With and Without Grow Tubes

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 424E-424
Author(s):  
Bruce P. Bordelon ◽  
Jill Blume
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Vine Growth ◽  
Single Shoot ◽  
Top Dry Weight

Grapevines (cv. Steuben) were field-grown for 1 year to determine the effects of pruning and grow tube use on vine growth. Plots were grown on Crosby-Miami silt loam soils, trickle irrigated as needed to ensure adequate moisture, and provided a 3-ft band of weed control on each side of the row. Vines were trained onto a 5-ft. tall-trellis using the following techniques: 1) pruned to a single shoot and placed in a grow tube supported by a bamboo stake, 2) pruned to a single shoot and trained on a bamboo stake without a grow tube, or 3) left unpruned and trained on four strings radiating out from the vine to the top wire. At the end of the growing season, the vines were destructively sampled for leaf area, total shoot growth, average internode length, shoot diameter, top growth dry weight, and root system dry weight. The results indicate that pruning vines to a single shoot significantly reduced overall vine growth, whether a tube was used or not. Vines trained to single shoots and grown with or without grow tubes did not differ significantly for the various parameters measured. Unpruned vines produced nearly three times more leaf area, more than two times more total shoot length, and more than two times more top dry weight and root dry weight than the other treatments. A sub-set of these vines will be grown for one more season to determine if the negative effects of pruning and/or tubes will effect vine size after a second season.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document