scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Enterobacter and Escherichia coli Pathotypes Prevalent in the Popular Street Foods of Dhaka City and their Multidrug Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Md Belal Hossain ◽  
Nur Dhakirah Binti Mahbub ◽  
Md Miraj Kobad Chowdhury ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

Food borne pathogenic enteric bacteria are of great concern for global public health. Among them, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp. are the most prevalent in the street food. In this study, 23 strains of such enteric bacteria were isolated from multiple food samples by conventional cultural technique. Isolated strains were characterized molecularly into different genotypes using RAPD, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, and partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. RAPD represents 10 different types of strains whereas ARDRA clusters them into two separate groups. 16 out of the 23 isolates were identified as E. coli and the rest were as Enterobacter spp. by biochemical tests and were further confirmed by partial 16S rDNA sequencing. Significant level of virulence traits including stx1, stx2 and escV genes were identified in E. coli strains. Also, most of the isolates were found resistant to azithromycin and amoxicillin. This study revealed the presence of various pathogenic enteric bacteria in various street foods with multidrug resistance. Therefore, this study suggests that people consuming such street foods are at major risk of food borne illness. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 34 Number 2 December 2017, pp 67-72

scholarly journals Enterotoxigenic enteric bacteria in foods and outbreaks of food-borne diseases in Sweden

1979 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-L. Danielsson ◽  
R. Möllby ◽  
H. Brag ◽  
N. Hansson ◽  
P. Jonsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Suckling Mouse ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Micro Organisms

SUMMARYAll of 86 foods routinely examined for potentially pathogenic enteric bacteria were found to harbour one or more coliform species. None of the strains isolated produced heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) or showed invasive properties. The suckling mouse test indicated that one strain ofEscherichia coliproduced heat-stable enterotoxin (ST). Twelve incidents of suspected food poisoning were also investigated. In two of them the foods examined contained LT-producing strains ofE. coliand in two there were LT-producing strains ofKlebsiella pneumoniae. The counts of viable enterotoxigenic micro-organisms in these foods were 3000–30 000E. coli/g and 50 000 to 1 millionK. pneumoniae/g. The dominant symptom in all the incidents was watery diarrhoea. These seem to be the first reported cases of foodborne enterotoxigenic enteric bacteria in Europe. Though enterotoxigenicE. coliand related gram-negative enterotoxin-producing species are rare in correctly handled food in Sweden, these micro-organisms should be searched for when outbreaks of food poisoning are investigated.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Pesticides Degrading Bacteria from Farmland Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Md Atikur Rahman ◽  
ASM Shamsul Arefin ◽  
Otun Saha ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Farmland Soil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dna Restriction

Pesticides are recognized to be the threat to the environment and associated with a wide range of serious diseases including respiratory diseases, cancer and even birth defects. In this study, six-different bacterial strains capable of degrading Carbofuran, Emamectin Benzoate and Thiamethoxam were isolated from eight different soil samples. The isolates were characterized by using different conventional and molecular methods. The strains were identified molecularly into different genotypes using amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. The ARDRA pattern clustered them into 3 groups. Among the isolates three were identified as Achromobacter spp. and one as Diaphorobacter sp. by biochemical tests. It was further confirmed by the partial 16S rDNA sequencing. The two identified potential bacteria can be used for biodegradation of different pesticides which can have a significant environmental impact in soil farm. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 2 December 2018, pp 90-94

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolates: a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in Ontario, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Varga ◽  
Michele T. Guerin ◽  
Marina L. Brash ◽  
Durda Slavic ◽  
Patrick Boerlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Game Bird

Abstract Background Although keeping small poultry flocks is increasingly popular in Ontario, information on the antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric bacteria of such flocks is lacking. The current study was conducted on small poultry flocks in Ontario between October 2015 and September 2017, and samples were submitted on a voluntary basis to Ontario’s Animal Health Laboratory. From each submission, a pooled cecal sample was obtained from all the birds of the same species from the same flock and tested for the presence of two common enteric pathogens, E. coli and Salmonella. Three different isolates from each E. coli-positive sample and one isolate from each Salmonella-positive sample were selected and tested for susceptibility to 14 antimicrobials using a broth microdilution technique. Results A total of 433 fecal E. coli isolates (358 chicken, 27 turkey, 24 duck, and 24 game bird) and 5 Salmonella isolates (3 chicken, 1 turkey, and 1 duck) were recovered. One hundred and sixty-seven chicken, 5 turkey, 14 duck, and 15 game bird E. coli isolates were pan-susceptible. For E. coli, a moderate to high proportion of isolates were resistant to tetracycline (43% chicken, 81% turkey, 42% duck, and 38% game bird isolates), streptomycin (29% chicken, 37% turkey, and 33% game bird isolates), sulfonamides (17% chicken, 37% turkey, and 21% duck isolates), and ampicillin (16% chicken and 41% turkey isolates). Multidrug resistance was found in 37% of turkey, 20% of chicken, 13% of duck, and 8% of game bird E. coli isolates. Salmonella isolates were most frequently resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, and sulfonamides. Resistance to cephalosporins, carbapenems, macrolides, and quinolones was infrequent in both E. coli and Salmonella isolates. Cluster and correlation analyses identified streptomycin-tetracycline-sulfisoxazole-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as the most common resistance pattern in chicken E. coli isolates. Turkey E. coli isolates compared to all the other poultry species had higher odds of resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin, and a higher multidrug resistance rate. Conclusions Escherichia coli isolates were frequently resistant to antimicrobials commonly used to treat poultry bacterial infections, which highlights the necessity of judicious antimicrobial use to limit the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Status of Street Foods in Different University Premises of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Nafisa Tanjia ◽  
Nahida Akhter ◽  
Ajoy Roy ◽  
Mir Shefaly Akhter ◽  
Muniruddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Contamination ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
The World ◽  
Reasonable Cost

Street food contamination is common and has a potential health hazards throughout the world. These categories of foods are very popular among the students of Academic Institutions (Universities) of Dhaka city, Bangladesh for their appealing look and reasonable cost. This study was conducted to determine the presence of E. coli, Shigella sp. and Vibrio sp. in the street foods. Two hundred and forty-two food samples were collected from 20 University premises of Dhaka city. Biochemical tests were performed on suspected colonies for the identification of the relevant bacteria obtained from the samples. E. coli, Vibrio sp., and Shigella sp. were identified in 18% samples, where E. coli was found in 12%, Vibrio sp. was identified in 5%, and Shigella sp. in <1.0% food sample studied. The samples from which E. coli and food borne pathogens were obtained were considered unsatisfactory for human consumption.Presence of enteric bacteria in street foods indicates that the students of different Universities in Dhaka city might be at high risk of food borne disease Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 1 June 2019, pp 45-47

scholarly journals Screening for Escherichia coli O157 isolates of bovine origin

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Md Ali Hossain ◽  
Nigarin Sultana ◽  
Selina Akter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Survival Potential ◽  
Potential Public Health

Escherichia coli O157 was serologically identified from isolated E. coli of bovine origin in Jessore, Bangladesh. Pre-enrichment and enrichment media were used in isolating the enteric bacteria and swip off transient soil microbes. Differential and selective culrure techniques were used and biochemical tests were performed to identify E. coli strains. Slide agglutination test with antisera against O157 anigens were performed on biochemically identified E. coli strains. A total of 15 samples consisting freshly deficated cowdung, compost and soil near cow shed were assessed and among them 24 isolates were identified as E. coli. Twelve E. coli isolates isolated from eight samples gave agglutination with anti O157 antisera. Presence of E. coli O157 isolates was higher in composts and soils compared to fresh cowdung. This result indicates the strain’s adaptive and survival potential in environmental condition and raises potential public health concerns in handling such animal waste and its derivatives.Microbes and Health, January 2015. 4(1): 25-28

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of escherichia coli in ready-to-eat foods vended in Islamic University, Kushtia

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Biswas ◽  
MAK Parvez ◽  
M Shafiquzzaman ◽  
S Nahar ◽  
MN Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Rflp Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Context: Escherichia coli is shed in the feces of warm blooded animals and humans and thus potential for public health. Detection and characterization of E. coli in the ready-to-eat (RTE) foods concerns due to their presence indicates fecal contamination of the food.   Objective: To identify, characterize and RFLP pattern analysis of E. coli isolated from RTE foods vended in Islamic University campus, Kushtia.   Materials and Methods: Fifty samples from four types of consumed foods in six student halls of residence, some temporary restaurants of Islamic University, Kushtia were assessed for bacterial contamination by standard methods. Identification and characterization of E. coli isolates were performed using IMViC tests. Genomic DNA was used to perform RFLP pattern analysis.   Results: Thirty seven out of 50 (74%) examined samples of RTE foods had E. coli contamination. The highest number of E. coli was isolated from vegetable oriented RTE foods (90.90%) and fish, meat and cereals samples were also significantly E. coli positive. RFLP profiling of two E. coli isolates were observed.   Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that some RTE foods had unsatisfactory levels of contamination with E. coli. Thus street vended RTE food could be important potential vehicles for food-borne diseases. Molecular characterization may be exploited to identify food borne pathogen among different species.  Keywords: Ready-to-eat foods; Escherichia coli; RFLP pattern DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8783 JBS 2010; 18(0): 99-103

Introduction to the Food Safety Concerns of Verotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 228 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein S. Hussein ◽  
Stanley T. Omaye
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) have emerged in the past two decades as food-borne pathogens that can cause major outbreaks of human illnesses worldwide. The number of outbreaks has increased in recent years due to changes in food production and processing systems, eating habits, microbial adaptation, and methods of VTEC transmission. The human illnesses range from mild diarrhea to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) that can lead to death. The VTEC outbreaks have been attributed to O157:H7 and non-O157:H7 serotypes of E. coli. These E. coli serotypes include motile (e.g., O26:H11 and O104:H21) and nonmotile (e.g., O111:H–,0145:H–, and O157:H–) strains. In the United States, E. coli O157:H7 has been the major cause of VTEC outbreaks. Worldwide, however, non-O157:H7 VTEC (e.g., members of the 026, O103, O111, O118, O145, and O166 serogroups) have caused approximately 30% of the HUS cases in the past decade. Because large numbers of the VTEC outbreaks have been attributed to consumption of ruminant products (e.g., ground beef), cattle and sheep are considered reservoirs of these food-borne pathogens. Because of the food safety concern of VTEC, a global perspective on this problem is addressed (Exp Biol Med Vol. 228, No. 4). The first objective was to evaluate the known non-O157:H7 VTEC strains and the limitations associated with their detection and characterization. The second objective was to identify the VTEC serotypes associated with outbreaks of human illnesses and to provide critical evaluation of their virulence. The third objective was to determine the rumen effect on survival of E. coli O157:H7 as a VTEC model. The fourth objective was to explore the role of intimins in promoting attaching and effacing lesions in humans. Finally, the ability of VTEC to cause persistent infections in cattle was evaluated.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Genes Comprising the Locus of Heat Resistance in Escherichia coli

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Mercer ◽  
Oanh Nguyen ◽  
Qixing Ou ◽  
Lynn McMullen ◽  
Michael G. Gänzle
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Shock Proteins

ABSTRACT The locus of heat resistance (LHR) is a 15- to 19-kb genomic island conferring exceptional heat resistance to organisms in the family Enterobacteriaceae, including pathogenic strains of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli. The complement of LHR-comprising genes that is necessary for heat resistance and the stress-induced or growth-phase-induced expression of LHR-comprising genes are unknown. This study determined the contribution of the seven LHR-comprising genes yfdX1 GI, yfdX2, hdeD GI, orf11, trx GI, kefB, and psiE GI by comparing the heat resistances of E. coli strains harboring plasmid-encoded derivatives of the different LHRs in these genes. (Genes carry a subscript “GI” [genomic island] if an ortholog of the same gene is present in genomes of E. coli.) LHR-encoded heat shock proteins sHSP20, ClpKGI, and sHSPGI are not sufficient for the heat resistance phenotype; YfdX1, YfdX2, and HdeD are necessary to complement the LHR heat shock proteins and to impart a high level of resistance. Deletion of trx GI, kefB, and psiE GI from plasmid-encoded copies of the LHR did not significantly affect heat resistance. The effect of the growth phase and the NaCl concentration on expression from the putative LHR promoter p2 was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and by a plasmid-encoded p2:GFP promoter fusion. The expression levels of exponential- and stationary-phase E. coli cells were not significantly different, but the addition of 1% NaCl significantly increased LHR expression. Remarkably, LHR expression in E. coli was dependent on a chromosomal copy of evgA. In conclusion, this study improved our understanding of the genes required for exceptional heat resistance in E. coli and factors that increase their expression in food. IMPORTANCE The locus of heat resistance (LHR) is a genomic island conferring exceptional heat resistance to several foodborne pathogens. The exceptional level of heat resistance provided by the LHR questions the control of pathogens by current food processing and preparation techniques. The function of LHR-comprising genes and their regulation, however, remain largely unknown. This study defines a core complement of LHR-encoded proteins that are necessary for heat resistance and demonstrates that regulation of the LHR in E. coli requires a chromosomal copy of the gene encoding EvgA. This study provides insight into the function of a transmissible genomic island that allows otherwise heat-sensitive enteric bacteria, including pathogens, to lead a thermoduric lifestyle and thus contributes to the detection and control of heat-resistant enteric bacteria in food.

scholarly journals Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Identification of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Strains

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Osek
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system was developed for identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains and to differentiate them from other gram negative enteric bacteria. This test simultaneously amplifies heat-labile (LTI) and heat-stable (STI and STII) toxin sequences and the E. coli-specific universal stress protein ( uspA). The specificity of the method was validated by single PCR tests performed with the reference E. coli and non- E. coli strains and with bacteria isolated from pig feces. The multiplex PCR allowed the rapid and specific identification of enterotoxin-positive E. coli and may be used as a method for direct determination of ETEC and to differentiate them from other E. coli and gram-negative enteric isolates.

scholarly journals Integron Expression in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from House Flies within the Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
Atchariya YOSBOONRUANG ◽  
Anong KIDDEE ◽  
Chatsuda BOONDUANG ◽  
Phannarai PIBALPAKDEE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
House Flies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Class 1

Escherichia coli is a serious cause of a variety of hospital-acquired infections and commonly contributes to the environment by house flies. Integrons, particularly class 1 integrons, are the genetic elements that play an important role in the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance mechanism. This mechanism is commonly found in Enterobacteriaceae, especially E. coli. In this study, we aim to investigate the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli isolated from the house flies in Phayao hospital and to determine the gene expression of class 1 integrons in those isolates of E. coli. Totally, 70 isolates of E. coli were isolated from 60 house flies collected from the hospital. Fifty-seven of the isolates (81.43 %) were multidrug resistance (MDR) and highly resistant to b-lactams, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides. Of 57 isolates of MDR-E. coli, 20 isolates (35 %) were found to carry class 1 integron genes. Fifteen patterns of antimicrobial resistance occurred in the isolates of integron-positive E. coli. Most integron-positive E. coli isolates were resistant to 7 antimicrobials. Two isolates of these bacteria (10 %) were able to resist 13 out of 14 tested antimicrobials. Using PCR and sequencing analysis, an investigation showed that dfrA17-aadA5, dfrA12-aadA2 gene cassette was the most prevalent cassette (n = 10; 50 %) among the integron-positive E. coli isolates. Our results indicated that the presences of multidrug resistance and class 1 integrons were common in E. coli isolated from the houseflies in hospital. Therefore, screening for integron-positive E. coli from the hospital environment might be necessary for prevention of nosocomial infections.

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