scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy and Phytochemical Analysis of Three Aquatic Plant Species in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakir Hossain ◽  
Abira Khan ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Spirodela Polyrrhiza ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Aquatic plants are generally considered as breeding grounds for mosquitoes and other harmful vectors of diseases. However, in recent years, some research has been carried out to test their significance as sources of antimicrobial lead molecules. The aim of this research was to study the phytochemical composition of local aquatic plant species and test their antimicrobial effect against selected bacterial strains. Three different aquatic plant samples were collected from a large water body near Dhaka. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the plant species: Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, and Spirodela polyrrhiza were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Lactobacillus spp. Out of the eight different extracts, only the ethyl acetate extracts prepared from Eichhornia crassipes showed significant anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. In disk diffusion tests, zone of inhibitions of ethyl acetate extracts of Eichhornia crassipes leaves and stems were 8.00 ± 0.5 mm and 7.83 ± .29 mm respectively. In well diffusion tests, zone of inhibitions of ethyl acetate extracts of Eichhornia crassipes leaves and stems were 18.00 mm and 20.00 mm respectively. Zones of inhibition of ethyl acetate extracts of Eichhornia crassipes stems against Staphylococcus aureus were 7.67 ± 0.29 mm and 12.00 mm respectively in disk and well diffusion tests. Zone of inhibition of ethyl acetate extracts of Spirodela polyrrhiza was 8.17 ± 0.29 mm against Staphylococcus aureus in disk diffusion tests. No extracts showed any antimicrobial potential against Lactobacillus. Phytochemical composition analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, tannins, glycosides, and cardiac glycosides in the different ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts. Tannins were absent in all extracts and saponins were absent in all ethyl acetate extracts. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 1 June 2018, pp 7-11

scholarly journals BIOAKTIVITAS JAMUR Aspergillus flavus YANG BERSIMBION DENGAN ASCIDIAN Eudistoma sp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Alfa Mongi ◽  
Deiske A Sumilat ◽  
Fitje Losung ◽  
Remmy E P Mangindaan ◽  
Rosita A Lintang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Ascidian is a marine invertebrate that produce bioactive compounds such as antibacterial and antifungal. The purpose of this study was to obtain symbiotic fungi isolates, ethyl acetate extracts from ascidian symbiotic isolates, and to determine the antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethyl acetate extracts of symbiotic isolates using the diffusion method (disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and against the Candida albicans fungus. The results obtained 1 ascidian species which was cultured to obtain pure isolates, the pure isolates were tested molecularly and the results showed that the isolate was Aspergillus flavus, then the isolates were grown on rice medium and extracted. The results of the fungal extract showed the presence of antibacterial and antifungal activity against Escherichia coli by 10 mm, Staphylococcus aureus by 19 mm and against the Candida albicans by 13.5 mm. Keywords : Ascidian, Eudistoma sp., Aspergillus flavus, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Symbiotic.                                                  AbstrakAscidian merupakan avertebrata laut yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif yang seperti antibakteri dan antijamur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan isolat jamur simbion dari ascidian, mendapatkan ekstrak etil asetat dari isolat jamur simbion ascidian, dan menguji aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamur ekstrak etil asetat isolat jamur simbion dengan metode difusi agar (disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan terhadap jamur Candida albicsans. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 1 jenis ascidian yang kemudian dikultur untuk mendapatkan isolat murni, isolat murni diuji secara molekuler dan didapati hasil bahwa isolat tersebut merupakan jamur Aspergillus flavus. Isolat tersebut kemudian ditumbuhkan pada media nasi dan diekstrak. Hasil ekstrak jamur tersebut menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamur terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli sebesar 10 mm, Staphylococcus aureus sebesar 19 mm dan terhadap jamur Candida albicsans 13,5 mm. Kata kunci : Ascidian, Eudistoma sp., Aspergillus flavus, Antibakteri, Antijamur, Simbion.

Biological Screening of Zizyphus rugosa and Zizyphus oenoplia extractives

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shoeb ◽  
MIR Mamun ◽  
N Nahar ◽  
M Mosihuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Biological Screening ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Different extracts of the leaves and barks of Zizyphus rugosa and Zizyphus oenoplia were studied for their antibacterial, antifungal, and b-glucuronidase inhibitory activities. The methanol extract of Z. rugosa bark showed significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aerogenes whereas the methanol extract of leaves demonstrated moderate activity against Salmonella typhi. The chloroform and methanol extracts of Z. oenoplia showed good activity against a few bacteria strains. The chloroform extracts of the barks and leaves of Z. rugosaalso showed antifungal activity. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the bark of Z. rugosa revealed significant b-glucuronidase inhibitory activity. Lupeol, betuline, betulinaldehyde and betulinic acid, isolated from Z. rugosa, also showed good activity against a few bacteria. Key words: Zizyphus rugosa, Zizyphus oenoplia, Antibacterial, Antifungal, b-glucuronidase inhibition Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(2) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

scholarly journals Analysis of Polyphenolic Compounds in Extracts from Leaves of SomeMalus domesticaCultivars: Antiradical and Antimicrobial Analysis of These Extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Sowa ◽  
Grażyna Zgórka ◽  
Aleksandra Szykuła ◽  
Roman Franiczek ◽  
Beata Żbikowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

In this study, methanol, ethyl acetate, water extracts, and precipitate were obtained from leaves ofMalus domesticacultivars: Golden delicious, Jonagold, Elstar, Ligol, and Mutsu. Antiradical activity of these extracts was measured using theABTS+∙radical, and antimicrobial activity was measured with the disk-diffusion method. Phenolic compounds were measured with the colorimetric method and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest antiradical activity was observed for the Jonagold variety, and in particular strong activity was noted for ethyl acetate extracts. Antimicrobial activity was observed against strains ofStaphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis, and the fungusCandida glabrata. Particularly susceptible to the extracts activity appeared to beStaphylococcus aureus, but the growth ofCandida glabratawas inhibited in the presence of ethyl acetate extracts. With the HPLC method we identified a high amount of phloridzin (above 500 mg per g of ethyl acetate extracts), lower amounts of hyperoside, isoquercitrin, and quercitrin, and traces ofp-hydroxybenzoic and chlorogenic acids. The contribution of phloridzin to antiradical activity of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts was very high (above 90%). In water extract the contribution of phloridzin was between 38.9 and 55.2%, chlorogenic acid 22.7 and 36.1%, and hyperoside 12.2 and 13.3%.

scholarly journals Assessment of antimicrobial activity in Diplostephium phylicoides and Diplostephium revolutum extracts by plates and wells method

2019 ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Janeth Arias Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The One

Abstract. In the present work, the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Diplostephium phylicoides and Diplostephium revolutum on different microorganisms was carried out on using bacteria such as Escherichia coli (CMPUJ:034), Staphylococcus aureus (CMPUJ:370), Salmonella typhi (CMPUJ:045) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CMPUJ:065), yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CMPUJ:H042) and Candida albicans (CMPUJ:H022), and filamentous fungi such as Penicillium chrysogenum (CMPUJ:H061) and Aspergillus niger (CMPUJ:H002). This assessment was made by the method of plates and wells using extracts from the leaves of the previously mentioned plants. The extracts were made with different solvents, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and petroleum ether. The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract of Diplostephium phylicoides has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans; furthermore, the dichloromethane extract showed an inhibitory effect against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. When comparing the extracts of the two plants, under the evaluated conditions, the extracts presented antimicrobial activity, and the ethyl acetate extract of Diplostephium revolutum the one that showed better activity against all the microorganisms.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FRAKSI n-HEKSAN, KLOROFORM, ETIL ASETAT BUNGA KAMBOJA (Plumeria alba) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Salmonella typhi

KOVALEN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Ni nyoman Rupiniasih ◽  
Indriani ◽  
Syamsuddin ◽  
Abdul Rahman Razak
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flower Extract

Tests on the inhibition extract of n-hexane fraction, extract of chloroform fraction and extract of ethyl acetate fraction of frangipani flower (Plumeria alba) on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi has been done. This study aims to determine the activity of frangipani flower extract on the growth of S. aureus and S. typhi bacteria. Frangipani flowers was macerated using methanol solvents. The obtained methanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate solvents, respectively. The three extracts were tested for antibacterial activity at a concentration of 10% using the diffusion well method. The test results showed that the n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed an inhibition zone of 9.77 mm, 20.89 mm and 19.44 against S. aureus whereas S. typhi showed an inhibition zone of 15.86 mm, 27.69 mm and 21.74 mm. Keywords: Antibacterial, extract of frangipani flower, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi.

scholarly journals The phytochemical composition and biological activities of different types of extracts of Achillea ageratifolia subsp. serbica

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Ivana Radojevic ◽  
Mirjana Grujovic ◽  
Ljiljana Comic ◽  
Milan Dekic ◽  
Gorica Djelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Achillea ageratifolia subsp. serbica is a poorly investigated endemic of the Balkan area and there are almost no data about the potential application of this plant. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm activity of its water, acetone, and ethyl acetate extracts. The phenolic composition and flavonoids were established using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) analysis, while the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts of the plant was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC and GC-MS). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as the inhibition ability of biofilm formation on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 biofilms, were also investigated. The total phenolic content ranged from 18.61 mgGAE/g to 43.78 mgGAE/g of extract. The total flavonoid content ranged from 10.79 mgRUE/g to 34.02 mgRUE/g. The acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts contained chlorogenic acid, myricetin, apigenin, and luteolin. Analysis of the volatile specialized metabolites in the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts allowed for the identification of thirty-two constituents. The highest antioxidant activity was detected in the water extract of the aerial parts of the plant (IC50 = 641.06 ?g/ml) and in the ethyl acetate extract of the root (IC50 = 675.33 ?g/ml). Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus showed higher sensitivity to the tested extracts, while the antifungal activity of the marked extracts was significant. All extracts showed a moderate inhibitory effect on the ability of biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, while only the ethyl acetate inflorescence extract showed an effect on the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The tested extracts showed the potential for further investigation and possible application as biofungicides.

Absorption and Translocation of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl in Ten Aquatic Plant Species

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika J. Haug ◽  
Khalied A. Ahmed ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
Rob J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
State University ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Eurasian Watermilfoil ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Aquatic Herbicide

Abstract Additional active ingredients are needed for use in aquatic systems in order to respond to new threats or treatment scenarios, enhance selectivity, reduce use rates, and to mitigate the risk of herbicide-resistance. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a new synthetic auxin developed for use as an aquatic herbicide. A study was conducted at North Carolina State University, in which 10 µg L−1 of 25% radiolabeled florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied to the isolated shoot tissue of ten different aquatic plant species in order to elucidate absorption and translocation patterns in these species. Extremely high levels of shoot absorption were observed for all species and uptake was rapid. Highest shoot absorptions were observed for crested floatingheart [Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze] (A192 =20 µg g−1), dioecious hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle] (A192 =25.3 µg g−1), variable watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophylum Michx.) (A192 =40.1 µg g−1) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) (A192 =25.3 µg g−1). Evidence of translocation was observed in all rooted species tested with the greatest translocation observed in N. cristata (1.28 µg g-1 at 192 HAT). The results of this study add to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the behavior of this newly registered herbicide within aquatic plants.

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