scholarly journals Molecular characterization and identification of three stored grain pests based on mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abu Faiz Md Aslam ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Faria Farhana Rain ◽  
Sumita Rani Das ◽  
Ayesha Siddika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Stored Grain Pests

Stored grain pests are discovered in food as immature stages, which further complicates the identification process. A DNA barcode dataset of some important pests that can be used for easy and confirm identification in stages of life is constructed. COI genes of three stored grain insect pests i.e,, Sitophilus oryzae, Callosobruchus chinensis and Oryzaephilus surinamensis were sequenced. The sequenced genes were submitted to NCBI GenBank and obtained accession numbers MG967331.1, MG967332.1, MG967333.1 and MK041216.1. BLAST analysis showed 99 to 100% homology with existing GenBank sequences. The nucleotide composition analysis revealed that the value of A+T (64.8%) is greater than G+C (35.2%). Genetic distance among four sequences of three store pests were ranged from 0.00293-0.32807. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these three species are originated from different clades. Haplotype analysis of mitochondrial COI gene of the stored grain insect pests showed high genetic diversity among them. C. chinensis, O. surinamensis and S. oryzae were separated from their common ancestor by 80, 73 and 64 mutational steps. These information may be helpful for attempting any successful control measures against the pest species. In conclusion, present author established the first DNA barcode dataset of three store grain pests and confirmed its efficiency for identifying these pests. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 1-11, 2019

scholarly journals DNA barcoding to resolve the confusion in identifying Tribolium confusum and Tribolium castaneum

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Abu Faiz Md Aslam ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Sumita Rani Das ◽  
Abdul Jabber Howlader
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Accurate Identification

Tribolium confusum and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are two very confusing pest species while identification is done on the basis of morphology only. Such pests are discovered in stored grain as immature stages, which further complicates the identification process. Accurate identification of these pests is urgently required for integrated pest management. In this research, DNA barcoding was used to identify these pests accurately at any life stage. A 658 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was analyzed. DNA barcode dataset of T. confusum (GeneBank Acc. no. MK120453.1) and T. castaneum (Acc. no. MK411585.1) were constructed. The nucleotide composition reveals that average AT contents (59.9%) were higher than the GC contents (38.6%). Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood method showed that both the species were originated from a common major clade. About 17.13% nucleotide differences were noted between the CO1 sequences by multiple sequence alignment. The interspecies nucleotide genetic distance (0.200) was calculated using Kimura 2 parameter. Haplotype analysis showed high genetic diversity (112 mutaional steps) among them. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 333-342, 2019

scholarly journals Phytochemical Action of White Mulberry Extracts against Three Important Stored Grain Pests

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Z. R. Sabuj ◽  
A. Khatun ◽  
M. Abdullah ◽  
D. M. Badruddoza ◽  
H. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Stored Grain Pests ◽  
White Mulberry

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), CHCl3 and CH3OH extracts of white mulberry were subjected to dose-mortality tests against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.). Pet. ether extract of  leaves against C. chinensis, S. oryzae and T. castaneum provided LD50 9.16, 5.06, 3.79, 2.81, 2.06, 1.55, 1.32, 1.38 mg/g; 17.6, 12.9, 11.3, 82.4, 83.5, 9.47, 8.73, 8.61 mg/g and 0.93, 0.826, 0.691, 0.623, 0.567, 0.532, 0.525 mg/cm2 after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against C. chinensis Pet. ether extract of root and stem bark gave LD50 28.3, 20.7, 18.4, 16.9, 14.4, 13.6, 13.3, 13.3 mg/g and 86.3, 228.9, 177, 109, 61.0, 21.8, 0.999, 15 mg/g after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. CH3OH extracts of leaves offered LD50 21.5, 20.4, 17, 16.2, 15.6, 14.7 mg/g against C. chinensis; 5.4, 14.7, 13.7, 11, 10.9, 9.46, 9.10 mg/g against S. oryzae; and 3.804, 3.429, 3.284, 2.736, 2.441, 2.311, 2.264 mg/cm2 against T. castaneum after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against S. oryzae CH3OH extract of root and CHCl3 of stem bark gave LD50 19.5, 19.1, 17.5, 16.7, 16.2, 15.8, 15.9 mg/g and 9.77, 9.44, 7.71, 6.56, 5.94, 5.39, 5.4 mg/g after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. However, CHCl3 extract of leaves and root didn’t show mortality.

scholarly journals Prevalence and abundance of insect pests in stored pulses collected from two local markets of Dhaka city

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Tangin Akter ◽  
Shanjida Sultana ◽  
Mehjabin Rahman ◽  
Md Reaz Mahmud ◽  
Shefali Begum
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Sitotroga Cerealella ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Rhizopertha Dominica ◽  
Liposcelis Entomophila

Prevalence and abundance of stored grain insect pests in four varieties of pulses i.e. Lens culinaris, Pisum staivum, Cicer arietinum collected from two markets of Dhaka city were recorded. Nine species of insect pests, viz. Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium castaneum, Callosobruchus chinensis, C. maculatus, Rhizopertha dominica, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Liposcelis entomophila, Sitotroga cerealella, and Formica sp., were recorded throughout the study. The percentage of weight-loss was higher (7.54) in those pulses which were highly infested by pests. Highest pest population was observed during May to June (753). However, Sitotroga cerealella were found only in November to December of the study period. The maximum species richness (7) was observed in Green gram and Chickpeas samples, but the minimum species evenness was observed in Green gram (0.6969) and maximum in Red lentil (0.9886). Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(1): 75-82, 2019 (June)

A multiplex PCR method for identification of two common true cutworm species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) tested in the central plain of Guilan province, Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4420 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
REZA HOSSEINI ◽  
KHADIJEH MADAHI
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Peridroma Saucia ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Guilan Province

Many species of cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are important agricultural pest. They feed on roots and foliage of their host plants. Traditionally these species are identified based on morphological characteristics of adults. Hence identification of specimens in poor condition, immature stages and also closely related species or cryptic species is a difficult task. The basics of biological and ecological studies largely rely on an accurate species identification; consequently these investigations are impacted by potential misidentifications. In this study, we amplified 5' region of mitochondrial c cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (DNA barcode region) of various common true cutworm species including Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766), Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus, 1758), Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808) and Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758) from agricultural fields of Guilan province (North of Iran). We were able to detect 66 conservative Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) among the targeted pest species and eventually design specific primers and develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay as a molecular diagnostic tool for immature stages of two the most common and abundant species including A. ipsilon and X. c-nigrum in Guilan province. 

The frequency of Cryptolestes spp. in grain in south-east Queensland

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (103) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
ER Sinclair ◽  
M Bengston
Keyword(s):  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Grain Beetles ◽  
Farm Survey ◽  
Stored Grain Pests ◽  
Grain Protectant ◽  
Grain Farms

In a survey of 60 grain farms on the Darling Downs, Queensland, during 1977-78, the flat grain beetles Cryptolestes spp., which are germ feeders in stored grains, were found on 39 of the farms and in 15% of the 483 samples taken. Ninety percent of infestations involving Cryptolestes spp. were found in bag or bulk stores of seed and feed grain, where they were usually associated with heavy infestations of the three more common stored grain pests, the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), the lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbest.). Three species of Cryptolestes were detected: C. pusillus (Schonherr) (45.6% of farms surveyed), C. ferrugineus (Steph.) (28.1 %), and C. pusilloides (Steel and Howe) (15.8%). During the farm survey, samples were also collected from 8 of the 11 central storages reported infested with Cryptolestes spp. C. ferrugineus was present in each of these samples, C. pusillus in only one, whilst C. pusilloides was not found. The three species were tested for resistance to malathion and fenitrothion, the most commonly used grain-protectant chemicals, by exposing adults to treated wheat. C. pusillus and C. pusilloides were susceptible to both malathion and fenitrothion (LC99.9 < 1 mg kg-1). C. ferrugineus, whilst susceptible to fenitrothion (LC99.9 < 1 mg kg-1) was resistant to malathion, with LC99.9 of 300-400 mg kg-1 compared with the recommended dose of 18 mg kg -1. Although C. pusillus was the most common species on farms, it was concluded that C. ferrugineus was the most important overall because it is biologically better suited to the grain in central storages, which is typically hot (>30�C) and of low moisture content (< 12% for wheat).

scholarly journals The influence of the type of storage on pest infestation of stored grain in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Stejskal ◽  
J. Hubert ◽  
Z. Kučerová ◽  
Z. Munzbergová ◽  
J. Lukáš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Acarus Siro ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Grain Stores ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Stored-product pests cause high economic losses by feeding on stored grain and endanger the public health by contamination of food by allergens. Therefore, the aim of this work was to explore whether the risk of infestation of stored grain by pests is different in various types of storage premises. We compared the level of infestation and the pest species composition in the two main types of grain stores in Central Europethat includes horizontal flat-stores (HFS) and vertical silo-stores (elevators) (VSS). A&nbsp;total of 147 grain stores located in&nbsp; Bohemia, CzechRepublicwas inspected. We found that both types of stores were infested with arthropods of three main taxonomic groups: mites (25 species, 120 000 individuals), psocids (8 species, 5 600 individuals) and beetles (23 species, 4 500 individuals). We found that VSS and HFS differ in species composition of mites, psocids and beetles. However, the primary grain pests (i.e. Lepidoglyphus destructor, Acarus siro, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Lachesilla pedicularia, Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica, Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Cryptolestes ferrugineus) occurred in both types of stores. The only exception was higher frequency and abundance of two serious beetle-pests (Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus granarius) in HFS than in VSS. The total numbers of mite and beetle species infesting VSS and HFS was almost the same. There was higher psocid species diversity in VSS than in HFS. The difference between the total (i.e. level of pest infestation per kg of grain sample) numbers of mite and psocid individuals collected from VSS and HFS was not significant. However, the total numbers of beetle-pest individuals collected from HFS was twice the amount collected from VSS. We concluded that both types of stores are equally risky in terms of mite and psocid infestation. HFS is more risky for grain storage than VSS in terms of beetle infestations, although even the VSS structures cannot be in no way called pest-safe. The VSS and HFS microclimatic conditions (humidity, temperature) are discussed in relation to mite, psocid and beetle infestation.

scholarly journals Survey of insect pests of stored grain in New Zealand

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
R.B. Chapman ◽  
J.W.M. Marris ◽  
J.B. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Storage Facilities

Producers and processors of cereal grains in New Zealand were invited in August 2015 to submit grain samples to allow extraction and identification of any insect pest species present Sixty grain samples were received of which 73 were infested with one or more insect species These were predominantly Coleoptera and Psocoptera The most frequently encountered beetle species were Oryzaephilus surinamensis Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Cortinicara hirtalis The Psocoptera were predominantly unidentified species of Liposcelis Sitophilus species and lepidopteran pests were notable by their absence The proportion of storage facilities infested by insects in this survey (73) was higher than two previous surveys (38 5063) and the proportion of storage facilities treated with insecticides (62) was lower than a previous survey (83)

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis L. Infesting Stored Chickpea Seeds and Bio-Chemical Analysis of Used Botanicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-686
Author(s):  
Tumma Mounika ◽  
◽  
S. K. Sahoo ◽  
D. Chakraborty ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Stored Grain Pests

A study was carried out to evaluate the bio-efficacy of some botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis L. in stored chickpea (Variety: Anuradha) in the year 2018–20. Different botanicals like Neem (Azadirachta indica), Melia (Melia azedarach), Datura (Datura stramonium) and Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) were used. Among all the botanicals Neem leaf powder @ 6% performed better with minimum egg laying (64 eggs 5 females-1) compared to the other botanicals except the standard check with Deltamethrin @ 0.04%. Thereafter, 6% Melia leaf powder and 8% Datura leaf powder recorded 87.50 eggs 5 females-1 and 91.25 eggs 5 females-1, respectively. With regard to adult mortality, the best result was also obtained from the treatment Neem leaf powder @6% with 96.67% mortality in 5th day. Following the same trend, 6% Melia leaf powder and 8% Datura leaf powder exhibited 90% and 83.33% adult mortality, respectively, in 5th day. The estimation of total phenols and total antioxidants (IC-50) contents in Neem leaf powder (345.69 mg g-1 and 207.77 μg ml-1), Melia leaf powder (273.40 mg g-1 and 383.68 μg ml-1) and Datura Leaf Powder (213.62 mg g-1 and 405.77 μg ml-1) also confirms the findings of the bio-efficacy trial of the botanicals. Tulsi leaf powder @5% was least efficacious both in terms of egg laying by the females as well as adult mortality. These botanicals are locally available, economic, bio-degradable and safe to the environment. Therefore, they may be fitted in the Integrated Pest Management strategies against stored grain pests as seed protectants.

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