scholarly journals Microbial Agents Causing Infective Corneal Ulcer and their Anti-microbial Susceptibility pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Azima Aktar Jhuma ◽  
Md Moynul Haque ◽  
Jamil Ahmed ◽  
Shantanu Das ◽  
Tarun Kanti Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

This study was designed to identify the microbial agents causing infective corneal ulcer and to carry out the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria causing infective corneal ulcer. Out of 80 samples, 67 (83.75%) cases were positive by microscopy and culture. This study showed pure fungal growth in 39 (48.75%) cases, pure bacterial growth in 8 (10%) cases, mixed microbial growth (both fungi and bacteria) in 20 (25%) cases and no growth was observed in 13 (16.25%) cases. Among the fungal isolates, Aspergillus species was the leading agent detected in 37(46.3%) cases followed by Penicillium species in 7 (8.8%) instances. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterial pathogen found in 11 (13.8%) cases followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis present in 9 (11.3%) cases. Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin were found to be better efficacious drugs against most of the bacterial pathogens noted in antimicrobial susceptibility test. This study showed that infective corneal ulcers are caused by both bacterial and fungal agents but fungal agents are more common. The findings of this study would help the ophthal- mologists in evidence based management of their patients of infective corneal ulcer. Bangladesh Med J. 2018 May; 47 (2): 1-6

scholarly journals First data on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Moraxella catarrhalis isolates in Lebanon

10.3823/833 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monzer Hamze ◽  
Marwan Osman ◽  
Hassan Mallat ◽  
Marcel El Achkar
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Level ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background. Moraxella catarrhalis is an important bacterial pathogen. Although national data have shown an increase in the levels of antimicrobial resistance in clinical settings in Lebanon, there is a lack of data regarding this human pathogen. This study aimed to determine for the first time the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of M. catarrhalis isolates in Lebanon. Methods. A total of 34 M. catarrhalis strains were isolated from clinical specimens during the period from November 2010 to March 2019. Bacterial identification was carried out using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility of all isolates was performed according the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Results. A total of 34 non-duplicated M. catarrhalis strains were isolated from nose (n=19), ear (n=7), sputum (n=5), blood (n=1), eye (n=1), and throat (n=1) of patients referred to Nini Hospital in Tripoli, North governorate of Lebanon. Regarding antibiotic susceptibility rates, the percent susceptibility is 100% to the majority of antibiotics, except ampicillin (7.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (85.3%), nalidixic acid (85.3%), and ciprofloxacin (97.1%). Conclusion. To our knowledge, this study is the first investigation regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of M. catarrhalis isolates in Lebanon. In addition to the high level of resistance to ampicillin, our findings showed the emergence of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Even if this study provides useful information to develop effective empirical treatment, we recommend the implementation of reliable diagnostic tools to guide appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from corneal ulcers of dogs

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1024-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Prado ◽  
E.H.S. Brito ◽  
M.D. Girão ◽  
J.J.C. Sidrim ◽  
M.F.G. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Susceptibility Evaluation

A total of 22 clinical specimens were obtained from 19 dogs with corneal ulcer (16 unilateral and three bilateral) for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility evaluation of the isolated bacteria. Bacterial growth was observed in 100% of the samples (n=22). Staphylococcus intermedius was the predominant species (35.5%), followed by Corynebacterium xerosis (19.3%). Gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and tobramycin had a high efficacy against all of the isolated bacteria. The results evidenced that 80.7% of the isolates were Gram positive cocci and Gram positive bacilli, and that those microorganisms were sensitive to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and tobramycin.

scholarly journals Organism Isolation in Corneal Ulcer- Utility of Different Techniques

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (185) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Thapa ◽  
A K Sharma ◽  
D N Shah ◽  
S KC ◽  
S Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Microbial Keratitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Corneal Scraping ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Culture Negative ◽  
Corneal Biopsy

Introduction: Various techniques are available for isolation of microorganism in cases of microbial keratitis including conventional methods of scraping, re-scraping inoculation in different media and corneal biopsy. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted from February 2002 to July 2003. A total of 161 eyes of corneal ulcers were evaluated with scraping inoculation. Re-scraping and corneal biopsy were performed in those cases which did not grow any organism in the first scraping or which did not respond to initial treatment. Results: Microorganisms were isolated in 116 patients (72.04%) after first scraping. S pneumoniae was seen in 50(42%), Fusarium in 21(18%) and Aspergillus in 16(14%) cases. Re-scraping was done in 22 culture negative and non improving cases of which 14 (63.63%) showed isolation of organisms. After re-scraping, Fusarium and Aspergillus were isolated in four patients each (18% each) followed by S. pneumoniae in 3 (14%), S. aureus in 2 (9%), and Penicillium in 1(5%) case.Corneal biopsy was done in 10 cases with isolation of microbial agents in 7 (70%) with Aspergillus and S. aureus in three each, and S. epidermidis in 1(10%). Conclusions: Apart from conventional scraping, other isolation techniques should be considered in the treatment of non-responding and culture negative cases of corneal ulcers. Compared to bacteria, fungi are difficult to isolate in the first scraping and requires more frequent repeat scraping and corneal biopsy. Keywords: Corneal biopsy, corneal scraping, corneal ulcer, microbial keratitis, organismal isolation.

scholarly journals Microbial Flora of Corneal Ulcer and their Drugs Sensitivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Meena Kunwar ◽  
Rishi Kant Adhikari ◽  
Deep Bahadur Karki
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mixed Bacteria ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Very High ◽  
Fungus Growth

Introduction: Corneal ulcer is a leading cause of ocular morbidity and blindness worldwide. Knowledge of the common organism causing corneal ulcers and the sensitivity of the bacteria will help formulate the fi rst line of treatment which would have relatively high percentage of success even in areas devoid of diagnostic facilities. The main objective of this study was to fi nd out commonest organisms that cause corneal ulcers and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility. Methods: This was a prospective study of 55 consecutive cases of corneal ulcers. Patients who had congenital abnormality of cornea, uncooperative patient not allowing to do corneal scrapping, patient with suspected or confi rmed viral keratitis, Patient with corneal ulcer with HIV positive and all non-infective corneal ulcers were excluded from the study. Results: Of 55 cases enrolled in this study microorganisms were grown from 31 (56%) cases. Of 31 growth positive cases, 17 (54.8%) showed pure bacterial growth, 13 (41.9%) cases showed pure fungal growth and in only 1 (3.2%) case there was mixed (bacteria and fungus) growth. Among the tested antibiotic, sensitivity of Ciprofl oxacin and Gentamicinewas 100% and that of Ceftriaxone was nearly 94%. Almost 20% bacteria were resistant to Chloramphenicol. Sensitivity of newer quinolone (Ofl oxacine) was also not very high, having more than 20% bacteria resistant to it. Conclusions: The commonest organism responsible for bacterial keratitis was strepto. Pneumonia. Ciprofl oxacin and Gentamicin were the most sensitive antibiotics.  Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; January-June 2013/vol.12/Issue1/14-17DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v12i1.9086    

scholarly journals The variability of the microbial profile of corneal ulcers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
P. M. Maharramov ◽  
M. H. Guliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Purpose. To study the microbiological profile of corneal ulcers depending on demographic and clinical characteristics of patients.Materials and methods. 97 patients (114 eyes) (65 men and 32 women) diagnosed with corneal ulcer were tested. 80 patients had unilateral and 17 bilateral ulcers. The patients’ age varied from 15 to 87 years (24.7 % aged 50–59, 27.8 % aged 60–69, and 19.7 % aged 70 or older). All patients were examined for the microbiological profile of corneal scrapings to determine the microbial flora of the corneal ulcer. The significance of gender, age and clinical differences found in the structure of the microbiological profile was evaluated by the the χ² criterion.Results. Gram-positive microorganisms were among the most frequently detected: Staphylococcus epidermidis in 25.3 % of cases, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 21.7 % of cases, Streptococcus viridians in 16.3 % of cases, and Staphylococcus aureus in 7,8 % of cases. Gram-negative microbial flora (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was revealed in 22.3 % of cases, while fungi were identified in 6.6 % of cases.Conclusion. The microbiological profile of corneal ulcer depends on the patient’s age, localization, size and depth of the lesion, as well as the presence of complication. Severe and complicated forms of corneal ulcer (sized ˃5 mm, depth of the lesion exceeding two thirds of corneal thickness) are often associated with the detection of more than one type of microorganism.

scholarly journals Etiological agents of suppurative corneal ulcer: Study of 56 cases

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Akter ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
Bulbul Hasan ◽  
Nurjahan Begum ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Etiological Agents

This study was carried out to isolate and identify the etiological agents causing suppurative corneal ulcers and to perform the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the bacterial isolates. Samples (corneal swabs and scrapings) were collected aseptically from 56 suppurative corneal ulcer patients attending Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH). Isolation and identification of the microbial agents and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done in the Microbiology laboratory of Rajshahi Medical College. Culture yielded growth in a total of 47(83.93%) cases out of 56 patients with pure fungal growth, pure bacterial growth and mixed microbial growth (both bacteria and fungi) in 24(42.86%), 14(25.0%), and 09(16.07%) cases respectively. Among the fungal isolates, Aspergillus fumigatus was the leading agent detected in 10(30.30%) cases followed by Fusarium spp, Mucor spp, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus spp, Unidentified branching fungus and Alternaria spp. found in 08(24.24%), 04(12.12%), 03(9.09%), 02(6.06%), 02(6.06%), 03(9.09%) and 01(3.03%) cases respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the leading bacterial pathogen found in 10(43.47%) cases followed by Pseudomonas spp., H. influenzae, Staph. epidermidis, Strept. pneumoniae and E. coli detected in 05(21.73%), 03(13.04%), 02(8.69%), 02(8.69%) and 01(4.35%) cases respectively. Lomefloxacin, Tobramycin and Gentamicin were found to be better efficacious drugs against most of the bacterial pathogens noted in in-vitro susceptibility testing. This limited study has revealed and reinforced that suppurative corneal ulcers are caused by both bacterial and fungal agents with fungal preponderance in this geographical area and Lomefloxacin, Tobramycin and Gentamicin are better choice of antibiotics to treat bacterial suppurative corneal ulcers patients.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2010; 03 (02): 33-36

scholarly journals A Study on Microbial Profile of Corneal Ulcer Cases in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Barnamoy Bhattacharjee ◽  
Atanu Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Corneal Ulceration ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Direct Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Microbial Profile

Background-Visual impairment due to corneal ulceration has for long been acknowledged as leading cause of blindness both worldwide and in India only next to Cataract. The aetiology for infective corneal ulcer varies considerably with occupation of patients in different regions of India. Thus, continuing with empirical management without lab diagnosis leads to protracted clinical course. So, understanding the microbial profile of corneal ulcers in agriculture dependent population of Southern Assam helps in improved management of this morbidity. Aims- To 1) Find the prevalence of infected corneal ulcers in untreated patients attending Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care hospital of Southern Assam. 2) Study the pattern of microbial aetiology in the infected corneal ulcer cases. 3) Find the association of infected corneal ulcers with various attributing factors. Method-Corneal scrapings from 86 routine untreated cases of corneal ulceration from Ophthalmology Department were studied prospectively from Dec2017 to Jan2019 and subjected to Gram staining and direct examination with 10%KOH. Culture on SDA and Blood Agar were incubated at 25°C and 37°C respectively and followed up for 3 weeks before declaring sterile. Antimicrobial sensitivity was performed for bacterial isolate and yeast-like species. Slide culture and LPCB tease mount were done for identification of moulds. Result- Out of the 86 cases, 58 were positive in direct microscopy, of which 44 were culture positive. Of the 28 samples negative in direct microscopy, 2 were positive by Culture. Bacterial isolates were found in 5 cases and fungal aetiology in 41 cases. Conclusion- The prevalence of infected corneal ulcer as per standard of Culture positivity is 53.5% (46/86). Mycotic involvement was found in 90% cases. Important fungal isolates identified were Aspergillus species, Penicillium species, Curvularia species, Fusarium species, Sarocladium species. Higher prevalence was significantly associated with harvesting season, agricultural practice and history of trauma while diabetes and steroid intake were not significantly associated with mycotic ulcers. Keywords: Corneal ulcer, Assam, Fungal, Fusarium, Sarocladium, Pseudomonas.

scholarly journals Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemedo Misha ◽  
Legese Chelkeba ◽  
Tsegaye Melaku
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Globally, surgical site infections are the most reported healthcare-associated infection and common surgical complication. In developing countries such as Ethiopia, there is a paucity of published reports on the microbiologic profile and resistance patterns of an isolates. Objective This study aimed at assessing the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at Jimma Medical Center in Ethiopia. Methods A prospective cohort study was employed among adult patients who underwent either elective or emergency surgical procedures. All the eligible patients were followed for 30 days for the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI). From those who developed SSI, infected wound specimens were collected and studied bacteriologically. Results Of 251 study participants, 126 (50.2%) of them were females. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 38 ± 16.30 years. The overall postoperative surgical site infection rate was 21.1% and of these 71.7% (38/53) were culture positive. On gram stain analysis, 78% of them were Gram-negative, 11.5% were Gram-positive and 10.5% were a mixture of two microbial growths. Escherichia coli accounted for (21.43%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.05%), Proteus species (spp.) 14.29%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.90%), Klebsiella species (11.90%), Citrobacter spp. (9.5%), streptococcal spp. (7.14%), Coagulase-negative S. aureus (CoNS) (2.38%) Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria were the most dominant isolates from surgical sites in the study area. Among the Gram-negative bacilli, Escherichia coli were the most common bacteria causing surgical site infection. As there is high antibiotic resistance observed in the current study, it is necessary for routine microbial analysis of samples and their antibiogram.

scholarly journals Use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors and ReGeneraTing Agent Matrix for the Treatment of Corneal Diseases

Vision ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Sánchez-Ávila ◽  
Edmar Uribe-Badillo ◽  
Carlos Fernández-Vega González ◽  
Francisco Muruzabal ◽  
Borja de la Sen-Corcuera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to investigate the use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) associated with tissue ReGeneraTing Agent (RGTA) drops for the treatment of noninfectious corneal ulcers. RGTA treatment was applied (one drop every two days); however, if ulcer closure was not achieved, PRGF eye drops treatment was added (four times/day). The time taken to reach the ulcer closure, the Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), Visual Analog Scale (VAS, in terms of frequency and severity of symptoms), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) were evaluated. Seventy-four patients (79 eyes) were included, and the mean age was 56.8 ± 17.3 years. The neurotrophic corneal ulcer was the most frequent disorder (n = 27, 34.2%), mainly for herpes virus (n = 15, 19.0%). The time of PRGF eye drops treatment associated with the RGTA matrix was 4.2 ± 2.2 (1.5–9.0) months, and the follow-up period was 44.9 ± 31.5 months. The ulcer closure was achieved in 76 eyes (96.2%). BCVA, VAS and OSDI improved from the baseline (p < 0.001), and IOP remained unchanged (p = 0.665). RGTA and PRGF in noninfectious ulcers were effective and could be a therapeutic alternative for this type of corneal disease.

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