scholarly journals Antidiabetic Studies and Dereplication of the Bioactive Constituents of Anthocleista nobilis G. Don by UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Philip F Uzor ◽  
Charles O Nnadi ◽  
Joshua E Ahiabuike ◽  
Helen N Ani
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Traditional Management

Diabetes mellitus remains a global health challenge and herbal medicines are known to be effective and safe for use in its management. Anthocleista nobilis is used in the traditional management of the disorder but this claimed use has not been validated. The present study was designed to establish and hence validate the use of the plant for the management of diabetes and also identify the bioactive phytoconstituents of the plant. The root and stem bark extracts of the plant were investigated for antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The animals were treated orally with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw of both extracts for seven days. The fasting blood glucose concentration (FBGC) of the animals was monitored for seven days with a glucometer. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS) technique was adopted for partial dereplication of secondary metabolites of the plant. The extracts significantly (p < 0.5) reduced the FBGC of the diabetic animals. Nine previously reported compounds in the genus Anthocleista were successfully dereplicated from the plant and identified to be scopoletin (1), anthocleistol (2), sweroside (3), djalonesone (4), fagaramide (5), lanosta-7, 24-dien-3-one (6), 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthene (7), djalonensin (8) and secologanin (9). Numerous other prominent peaks were not identified and could be potential novel compounds. The traditional use of A. nobilis in the management of diabetes has been validated in the present study. The identified as well as the unidentified compounds could provide template for guided isolation of the antidiabetic and other bioactive constituents of the plant.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(1): 19-28, 2018 (June)

scholarly journals Studies on antidiabetic activity of Acacia ferruginea DC. stem bark

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Jhuma Deb ◽  
Anoop Singh ◽  
Devendra Singh Rathore ◽  
Gouri Kumar Dash ◽  
Nilip Kanti Deb
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The methanol extract of Acacia ferruginea (Family- Mimosaceae) was studied for possible antidiabetic activity on normoglycaemic, OGTT and alloxan induced diabetic rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o. The acute toxicity studies were carried out on Swiss albino mice to determine the LD50 values. The experiments were performed as per OECD guidelines. The results of the normoglycaemic, OGTT and hyperglycaemic studies revealed that the extract exhibited reduction in blood glucose concentration in a dose dependant manner as compared to the standard drug metformin (250 mg/kg, p.o.). The acute toxicity studies revealed no signs of mortality in animals treated with a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. Preliminary phytochemical studies of the methanol extract revealed presence of alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, gums and mucilages, proteins and amino acids. The present study justifies the use of the plant for treating diabetes as suggested in folklore remedies.

scholarly journals Investigation of the In Vitro Antioxidant Potential Of Polyphenolic-Rich Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam Stem Bark and Its Antidiabetic Activity In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2091612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye ◽  
Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo ◽  
Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye ◽  
Mary Abiola Okesola ◽  
Adeyonu Oluwatosin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam (Moraceae) stem bark has been used locally in managing diabetes mellitus with sparse scientific information. This study investigates the in vitro antioxidant potential of polyphenolic-rich extract of A heterophyllus stem bark as well as its antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were used with the induction of diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight) and were orally administered 400 mg/kg free and bound phenols of A heterophyllus stem bark. The animals were sacrificed on the 28th day of the experiment using the cervical dislocation method; antihyperglycemia and anti-inflammatory parameters were subsequently assessed. The polyphenolic extracts demonstrated antioxidant potentials (such as hydrogen peroxide and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), as well as strong inhibitory activity against amylase and glucosidase. There was a significant ( P < .05) increase in glycogen, insulin concentration, pancreatic β-cell scores (HOMA-β), antioxidant enzymes and hexokinase activities, as well as glucose transporter concentration in diabetic animals administered the extracts and metformin. Also, a significant ( P < .05) reduction in fasting blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, glucose-6-phosphatase, and all anti-inflammatory parameters were observed in diabetic rats administered the extracts and metformin. The extracts demonstrated antidiabetic potential, which may be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals Protective effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum crude extract over damage induced by Sreptozotocin diabetes rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Dalila Bencheikh ◽  
Seddik Khennouf ◽  
Saliha Dahamna
Keyword(s):  
Streptozotocin Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Orogastric Tube ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

The seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) are used for treatment of diabetes mellitus in traditional medicine. This paper examines the protection effects of fenugreek from the damage induced by streptozotocin diabetes rats. Tannins content of T. foenum-graecum was also estimated in vitro. Normoglycemic male Wistar rats, weighing 170-250 g, were selected and randomly divided into five groups (n= 6): normal control, diabetic + TFGE (200mg/kg), diabetic+ TFGE (600mg/kg), diabetic + Glibil (3mg/kg), untreated group. Diabetes was induced after a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) and Fenugreek was given every day via orogastric tube for 18 days. At the end of experiment, rats were sacarificed. Organ weight was estimated of all groups. Trigonella foenum-graecum administration significantly improved the polydipsia, polyphagia, and it also compensated weight loss of diabetic rats (P<0.05, P < 0.01). Moreover, fenugreek had a significant concentration of tannins (806.22 ±0.036 µg TAE/gE). The results revealed that fenugreek improves the damage in diabetic rats that in some ways validates the traditional use of this plant in treatment of diabetes. Keywords: Antidiabetic activity, Protective effect, Streptozotocin, Tannins, Trigonella foenum-graecum

scholarly journals In vitro, acute and subchronic evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of Atractylis flava Desf n-butanol extract in alloxan-diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Akram Melakhessou ◽  
Salah Eddine Marref ◽  
Naima Benkiki ◽  
Cherine Marref ◽  
Imene Becheker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Butanol Extract

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a serious complex multifactorial disorder that imposes huge health and economic burden on societies. Because the currently available medications have many drawbacks, it's important to look for alternative therapies. Medicinal plants utilized in folk medicine are ideal candidates. Therefore, this work assessed the antidiabetic action of n-butanol extract from the whole plant Atractylis flava Desf (BEAF). These ethnomedicinal properties of BEAF were scientifically validated using in vitro and in vivo assays. In vitro antidiabetic effect of the BEAF was conducted using α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase assays. While the antihyperglycemic activity was assessed using two rat models: Alloxan-induced diabetic rats and oral glucose challenged rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dose of 150 mg/kg and animals with fasting blood glucose levels (BGL) > 200 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a typical drug. Results The BEAF at all tested dose levels (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level in all the two animal models. Besides, the plant extract exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase activity at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL with 76.17% and 89.37%, respectively. Conclusion BEAF exerts in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic effects, these results suggest that the plant extract can be a therapeutic resource in the treatment of diabetes and hyperlipidemia.

scholarly journals A Scientific Validation of Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Attributes of Trichosanthes dioica

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar Rai ◽  
Sharad Kumar Gupta ◽  
Amrita Kumari Srivastava ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Geeta Watal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Trichosanthes Dioica

The present study was undertaken to scientifically validate the antidiabetic activity of aqueous fruit extract of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Family: Cucurbitaceae) which has been traditionally used for managing diabetes mellitus. This plant commonly known as “Sespadula” in English has not been explored scientifically so far for its glycemic potential except by our research group. The study was conducted with variable doses on normal, mild, and severe diabetics models, and several biochemical parameters including blood glucose level (BGL) were assessed. Maximum fall in BGL of 23.8% in normal rats and of 31.3% in mild diabetic rats was observed during their fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) with the dose of 1000 mg kg−1. In severely diabetic animals after 4 weeks treatment with FBG, postprandial glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were reduced by 28.7, 30.7, 57.2, and 18.5%, whereas high density lipoprotein, total protein, hemoglobin, and body weight were increased by 33.0, 36.7, 15.7 and 16.7%, respectively. Moreover, urine sugar was reduced from +4 to +1. Thus, the study scientifically validates the traditional use of T. diocia in diabetes management and could be developed as an effective oral agent for treating diabetes mellitus and complications associated with it.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic and Antidyslipidemic Activities of Entandrophargma Cylindricum Extract on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 14251-14259
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Diabetes Group

This study aims to validate the anti-diabetic and antidyslipidemic activities of aqueous extract of Entandrophargma cylindricum stem on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty healthy male Albino rats (190 ± 10 g) were grouped into 6 groups of 5 each: group A (control) rats were not induced with diabetes; group B (diabetic treated with Metformin 100 mg/kg); group C (diabetic untreated); group D (diabetic treated with Entandrophargma cylindricum extract 50 mg/kg); group E (diabetic treated with Entandrophargma cylindricum extract 100 mg/kg) and group F (diabetic treated with Entandrophargma cylindricum extract 200 mg/kg). Fasting blood glucose concentration and glucose tolerance response increased after 7 days but was reversed near normal on day 14, day 21. Hexokinase activity significantly (p < 0.05) increase in the metformin and 200mg/kg bw. However, plasma high-density lipoprotein concentration, plasma insulin concentration, and hepatic glycogen level decreased in the untreated group, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw. Aqueous extract of E. cylindricum stem bark possesses significant anti-diabetic and antidyslipidemic activity in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity of Terminalia sericea Constituents

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolitha Nkobole ◽  
Peter James Houghton ◽  
Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Namrita Lall
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder that affects more than 100 million people worldwide. South African plants namely Terminalia sericea, Euclea natalensis, Warbugia salutaris, Aloe ferox, Artemisia afra, Sclerocarya birrea, Spirostachys africana and Psidium guajava were investigated for their in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase properties, and antioxidant activities. Terminalia sericea stem bark extract showed the best results against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. Bioassay-guided fractionation of an acetone extract of T. sericea stem bark led to the isolation of four known compounds namely β-sitosterol (1), β-sitosterol-3-acetate (2), lupeol (3), and stigma-4-ene-3-one (4), in addition to two inseparable sets of mixtures of isomers [epicatechin-catechin (M1), and gallocatechin-epigallocatechin (M2). 1 and 3 showed the best inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase (IC50:54.5 and 66.5 μM). Bio-evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the purified compounds on α-amylase showed that 3 and 1 exhibited IC50 values of 140.7 and 216.02 μM, respectively against α-amylase. Compounds 2, M1, 3 and M2 were found to be nontoxic to Vero cells. This study is the first to report α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity of M1, M2, 2 and 4 isolated from T. sericea, which validated the traditional use of the bark of T. sericea for diabetes in South Africa.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity ofArtemisia amygdalinaDecne in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Ghazanfar ◽  
Bashir A. Ganai ◽  
Seema Akbar ◽  
Khan Mubashir ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Histopathological Results ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Artemisiaspecies have been extensively used for the management of diabetes in folklore medicine. The current study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects ofArtemisia amygdalina. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, and hydroethanolic extracts ofArtemisia amygdalinawere tested for their antidiabetic potentials in diabetic rats. The effect of extracts was observed by checking the biochemical, physiological, and histopathological parameters in diabetic rats. The hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts each at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg b. w significantly reduced glucose levels in diabetic rats. The other biochemical parameters like cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins (LDL), serum creatinine, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), and alkaline phosphatise (ALP), were found to be reduced by the hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts. The extracts also showed reduction in the feed and water consumption of diabetic rats when compared with the diabetic control. The histopathological results of treated groups showed the regenerative/protective effect onβ-cells of pancreas in diabetic rats. The current study revealed the antidiabetic potential ofArtemisia amygdalinabeing effective in hyperglycemia and that it can effectively protect against other metabolic aberrations caused by diabetes in rats, which seems to validate its therapeutic traditional use.

scholarly journals HYPOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOL ROOT EXTRACT OF CLERODENDRUM PHLOMIDIS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Mrunal Dinesh Shanbhag ◽  
Gowri Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Objective: In traditional systems of medicine numerous plants have been used for the treatment and control of diabetes. Clerodendrum phlomidis is the accepted botanical source of the ayurvedic drug Agnimantha. The plant is used in the treatment of smallpox, inflammation, coryza, scrotal enlargement, syphilitic, and postnatal complaints. The roots are used to treat measles, gonorrhea, and diabetes. The present study aims at evaluating the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of C. phlomidis roots.Methods: Diabetes was induced by administering 120 mg/kg alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally in albino Wistar rats for a treatment period of 21 days during which body weight changes and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were monitored at weekly intervals. On the 21st-day serum biochemical parameters, liver malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, and glycogen levels were estimated.Results: The ethanol extract at 400 mg/kg dose significantly (p<0.001) reduced the elevated FBG and serum biochemical parameter levels.Conclusion: The present study substantiates the traditional use of C. phlomidis in the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Ethanolic Root Bark Extract of Chrysophyllum albidum in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Anna Onyeka ◽  
Agnes Akudo Nwakanma ◽  
Adeola Airat Bakare ◽  
Ini Ibehe Okoko ◽  
Uzozie Chikere Ofoego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective: The study was aimed at investigating the hypoglycemic, antioxidant and Hepatoprotective effects of Chrysophyllum albidum in diabetes induced male Wistar rats. Methods: Ethanol root bark extract was administered to thirty rats of six groups A, B, C, D, E and F of five rats each, weighing between 150-170g. Diabetes was induced in Groups B, C, D, E and F using a single intraperitoneal injection of 140mg/kg of Alloxan after an overnight fast. Group A served as the normal control while Group B served as the diabetic control. Group C had metformin of 500mg while Groups D, E and F received 50, 100 and 200mg/kg / bw/ day of the plant extract respectively through orogastric intubation. All the animals were given normal rat chow and water freely. Blood glucose level was determined and the experiment lasted for 3 weeks. On day 21 after an overnight fast, animal were anaesthetized and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture under inhaled chloroform for the determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays. The liver function test, ALT, AST and ALP was determined. Result: This showed that C. albidum and metformin significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the Fasting blood glucose (FBS), the activities of SOD and CAT was dose- dependently increase when compared to the diabetic  control and there was also a reduction of  MDA in the treated groups. There was decrease in the activity of ALT, AST and ALP, which was also dose-dependent. Conclusion: The results showed that the plant has significant antidiabetic activity and could therefore be employed for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in which free radicals are implicated.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 03 July ’13 Page 298-304 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i3.12721 

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