scholarly journals Effect of Various Excipients on Theophylline-loaded Alginate Beads Prepared by Ionic Cross Linking Technique

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Tasnim Jahan ◽  
Sams Mohammad Anwar Sadat ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Reza-ul Jalil ◽  
Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 4000 ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Theophylline loaded sodium alginate beads were prepared by ionic cross linking technique using calcium chloride (CaCl2) as cross linking agents. The purpose of this work was to prepare sodium alginate beads as a device for the extended release of theophylline. Different excipients like sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol 4000, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, Eudragit L 100 and sodium lauryl sulphate were used to fabricate theophylline-alginate beads and their effect on drug release were investigated. In this study, the beads were characterized and evaluated in respect to their surface morphology, swelling index (SI) and in-vitro release characteristics. Beads were prepared by dropping a hot aqueous theophylline-alginate or theophylline-alginate-excipient solution into electrolyte solution. Alginate cross linked with electrolytes and beads were formed with entrapped drug. Beads were collected by decanting the solution and dried at room temperature. Surface of beads with various excipients revealed that smooth, dense and closely packed drug-polymer bonding was obtained when the excipients were changed. Beads in F 1 contain Eudragit L 100 that swelled highest at 3 hours with SI of 10.74 %. Sodium starch glycolate beads (F 4) swelled high up to 9.93 % at 2 hours. Dissolution studies were carried out in 900 ml of distilled water for 8 hours. Most of the formulations were fitted to Higuchi model. The drug release rate are shown in decreasing order: Eudragit L 100>Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose> Sodium lauryl sulphate> Sodium starch glycolate>Hydroxy propyl methylcellulose 5 cps>Polyethylene glycol 4000. The use of Eudragit L 100 was found to be promising because it released about 69 % of theophylline within 8 hours. It was found that among the hydrophilic polymers used, Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose showed 49 % theophylline release within 8 hours. The lowest amount of drug release was found with HPMC 5 cps and PEG 4000 which was about 26 % of drug release. Key words: Theophylline; ionic cross-linking technique; sodium alginate beads; swelling index; release kinetics. DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v9i1.7425 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 9(1): 15-22 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Effect of Various Electrolytes on Theophylline Loaded Sodium Alginate Beads Prepared by Ionic Cross Linking Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Sheikh Tasnim Jahan ◽  
Sams Mohammad Anowar Sadat ◽  
Muhammad Rashedul Islam ◽  
ATM Zafrul Azam ◽  
Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Bonding Structure

The purpose of t h e present research work was to prepare alginate beads containing water soluble drug theophylline using ionic cross linking technique, with electrolyte type and concentration as variables. In this study, the beads were characterized and evaluated in respect of their surface morphology, swelling index and in vitro kinetics. The comparative study among the three polyvalent cationic cross linking agents CaCl2 , BaCl2 and Al2 (SO4)3 were investigated based on their cationic charges. Divalent cation, Ca2+ and Ba2+ containing beads showed simultaneous decrease in drug release with increasing electrolyte amount. In case of Al3+ -alginate beads, the delay in release was due to the ability of Al3+ to form three dimensional bonding structure with the sodium alginate inside the beads. As a result, swelling of beads is delayed leading to slow disintegration. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photomicrographs revealed that with the increase in the electrolyte concentration the density of the cross link is also increased. When the electrolyte concentration is 5 % then the beads surface is rough and rod shape drug is visible. But when the electrolyte concentration is increased from 10 % to 15 % the surface is comparatively smoother and both the swelling property and in vitro drug release are decreased. Most of the formulations followed Higuchi drug release model. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v11i2.14578 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(2): 181-189, 2012 (December)

scholarly journals Effect of Viscosity Imparting Agents on In vitro Drug Release from PEG Based Suppositories

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Kamruzzaman Akanda ◽  
SM Ashraful Islam ◽  
Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Selim Reza
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Dissolution Medium ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Acetaminophen loaded suppositories were prepared and the effects of viscosity imparting agents on drug release were investigated. Suppositories containing 125 mg of acetaminophen were prepared by fusion method using PEG 4000 and PEG 1500 as hydrophilic base. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out by a thermal shaker with a shaking speed of 90 rpm at a temperature of 37 ± 0.50C in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8. The effect of viscosity imparting agents on the drug release into phosphate buffer were investigated by adding 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% Xanthan gum, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, acacia, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose 15 cps and 50 cps. The In vitro release data showed that drug release was linear in phosphate buffer. After incorporation of viscosity imparting agents in phosphate buffer a biphasic drug release profile i.e. initial lag phase followed by linear phase was observed. Lag time depends on nature and concentration of viscosity imparting agents. It is evident from the result that lag time increases with the increase in percentage of viscosity imparting agent. There is less or no effect of change of concentration of acacia on the lag time. After lag time drug release from the suppositories showed a linear fashion. It was found that the release rate decreases when dissolution medium contains high percentage of Xanthan gum and also sodium carboxy methyl cellulose. However in case of incorporation of HPMC into the dissolution medium, release rate decreased up to 0.2% HPMC, but with 0.3% HPMC the release rate increased. Inclusion of different percentage of acacia into the dissolution medium has not significantly changed the release of acetaminophen from suppositories. Key words: Suppositories, Acetaminophen, Viscosity imparting agent Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(1) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

Characterization and Screening of a Novel Multiparticulate Pulsatile Delivery of Aceclofenac

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 3494-3501
Author(s):  
Bipul Nath ◽  
Santimoni Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Pulsatile Delivery ◽  
Ca Alginate

In the present investigation, sodium alginate based multiparticulate system overcoated with time and pH dependent polymer was studied in the form of oral pulsatile system to achieve pulsatile with sustained release of aceclofenac for chronotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis seven batches of micro beads with varying concentration of sodium alginate (2-5 %) were prepared by ionotropic-gelation method using CaCl2 as cross-linking agent. The prepared Ca-alginate beads were coated with 5% Eudragit L100 and filled into pulsatile capsule with varying proportion of plugging materials. Drug loaded microbeads were investigated for physicochemical properties and drug release characteristics. The mean particle sizes of drug-loaded microbeads were found to be in the range 596±1.1 to 860 ± 1.2 micron and %DEE in the range of 65-85%. FT-IR and DSC studies revealed the absence of drug polymer interactions. The release of aceclofenac from formulations F1 to F7 in buffer media (pH 6.8) at the end of 5h was 65.6, 60.7, 55.7, 41.2, 39.2, 27 and 25% respectively. Pulsatile system filled with eudragit coated Ca-alginate microbeads (F2) showed better drug content, particle size, surface topography, in-vitro drug release in a controlled manner. Different plugging materials like Sterculia gum, HPMC K4M and Carbopol were used in the design of pulsatile capsule. The pulsatile system remained intact in buffer pH 1.2 for 2 hours due to enteric coat of the system with HPMCP. The enteric coat dissolved when the pH of medium was changed to 7.4. The pulsatile system developed with Sterculia gum as plugging material showed satisfactory lag period when compared to HPMC and Carbopol.

Slip velocity and temperature jump of a non-Newtonian nanofluid, aqueous solution of carboxy-methyl cellulose/aluminum oxide nanoparticles, through a microtube

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1606-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Goodarzi ◽  
Saeed Javid ◽  
Ali Sajadifar ◽  
Mehdi Nojoomizadeh ◽  
Seyed Hossein Motaharipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Temperature Jump ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Purpose With respect to two new subjects, i.e. nanofluids and microchannels, in heat transfer systems and modern techniques used for building them, this paper aims to study on effect of using aluminum oxide nanoparticles in non-Newtonian fluid of aqueous solution of carboxy-methyl cellulose in microtube and through application of different slip coefficients to achieve various qualities on surface of microtube. Design/methodology/approach Simultaneously, the effect of presence of nanoparticles and phenomenon of slip and temperature jump has been explored in non-Newtonian nanofluid in this essay. The assumption of homogeneity of nanofluid and fixed temperature of wall in microtube has been used in modeling processes. Findings The results have been presented as diagrams of velocity, temperature and Nusselt Number and the investigations have indicated that addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid and increase in microtube slip coefficient might improve rate of heat transfer in microtube. Originality/value The flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid of aqueous solution of carboxy methyl cellulose-aluminum oxide has been determined in a microtube for the first time.

scholarly journals DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION & IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF SODIUM ALGINATE BASED IN-SITU GEL OF RANITIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN ULCER TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanket Kumar ◽  
Mahesh Singh ◽  
Babulal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
Ranitidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Ulcer Treatment

Peptic ulcer, it is the most common type of stomach disease, according to the American Gastroenterology Association. “We know that ulcers occur because there has been a disruption in the balance of factors that injure the digestive tract and those factors that protect it from injury,” The present investigation deal with the formulation, optimization and evaluation of sodium alginate based in situ gel of ranitidine hydrochloride (R-HCl) in ulcer treatment. The in-situ formulation are homogenous liquid when administration orally and become gel at the contact site. The evaluation of the formulation is dependent upon accurate results obtained by analytical method used during the study. Accurate results require the use of standard and a calibration procedure. Hence, standard plots of Ranitidine hydrochloride were prepared in (0.1N HCL, pH 1.2) solutions. Two, sodium alginate and calcium carbonate used as a polymer and cross-linking agent respectively in the formulation of in-situ gel. From the IR studies it may be concluded that the drug and carriers used undergo physical interaction there is no chemical change, and thus the gelling agent, cross-linking agent and other excipient is suitable for formulation of in-situ gel of ranitidine hydrochloride. Indicate that the formulation, DKF9 which was prepared by the Sodium alginate (2 gm) with Ranitidine Hydrochloride showed minimum drug release (sustained drug release) after 8 hrs. It can be concluded that the In-situ gel was beneficial for delivering the drug which needs sustained release to achieve the slow action. Keywords: In-situ gel, Peptic Ulcer, Ranitidine Hydrochloride (R-HCl), Sodium alginate.

scholarly journals Isolasi Dan Karakteristik Fungi Lignoselulolitik Dari Limbah Sawit Sebagai Agen Pendegradasi Pakan Berserat

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Yunilas Yunilas ◽  
Lili Warly ◽  
Yetti Marlida ◽  
Irsan Ryanto
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Fiber Degradation ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Colony Color ◽  
Degradation Test ◽  
Palm Waste ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakteristik fungi lignoselulolitik dari limbah sawit sebagai pendegradasi serat (senyawa polisakarida). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi melalui isolasi, karakteristik, uji degradasi lignoselulosa dan identifikasi. Isolasi menggunakan medium selektif yang dimodifikasi mengandung carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), xylan, lignin dan manan. Dari hasil isolasi diperoleh 16 isolat fungi lignoselulolitik dan 4 diantaranya memiliki kemampuan tinggi dalam mendegradasi lignoselulosa yaitu isolate fungi YLF2, YLF3, YLF4 dan YLF8. Isolat fungi yang diperoleh memiliki karakteristik yang bervariasi meliputi bentuk, permukaan, tepi dan warna koloni. Hasil uji degradasi (hidrolitik) menunjukkan bahwa isolat fungi YLF8 menghasilkan indeks hidrolitik lebih tinggi dibanding fungi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa isolat fungi YLF8 termasuk pada strain Trichoderma sp berpotensi sebagai isolat pendegradasi serat dan dapat digunakan sebagai bioktivator dalam fermentasi pakan berserat.Isolation And Characteristic Of Lignocellulolitic Fungi Of Palm Waste As a Fiber Feed Degrading AgentAbstract. This study aims to isolate and characterize lignocellulolytic fungi from palm wastes as fiber degradation (polysaccharide compounds). This research uses exploration method through isolation, characteristic, lignocellulosic degradation test and identification. Isolation using modified selective medium contains carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), xylan, lignin and manan. From isolation result obtained 16 isolates of lignocellulolytic fungi and 4 of them have high ability in degrading lignocellulose that is fungi YLF2, YLF3, YLF4 and YLF8. The obtained fungi isolates have varying characteristics including shape, surface, edges and colony color. The result of degradation test (hydrolytic) showed that YLF8 fungi isolates yielded higher hydrolytic index than other fungi. Based on the results it can be concluded that the isolates of YLF8 fungi belong to the Trichoderma sp strain potentially as fiber degrading isolates and can be used as bioctivators in fibrous fermentation feed. 

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF VERNONIA AMYGDALINA LEAF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN WHITE RATS INDUCED BY PARACETAMOL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Panal Sitorus ◽  
Nerdy Nerdy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Objectives: A study on the hepatoprotective effect of Vernonia amygdalina leaves ethanolic extract on white rats induced by paracetamol was aimed to obtaining scientific data and evidence the hepatoprotective ability of the extract.Methods: The research was a complete randomized design, using 36 white rats which were divided into 6 groups. The normal control group was given 1% carboxy methyl cellulose for 7 days and followed by distilled water 8 hours after treatment. The positive control group was given 100 mg curcumin per kg body weight of rats for 7 days and followed by 2.5 g paracetamol per kg body weight after treatment. The negative control group was given 1% carboxy methyl cellulose for 7 days and followed by 2.5 g paracetamol per kg body weight after treatment. The test group was given 50, 100 and 200 mg extract per kg body weight of rats for 7 days and followed by 2.5 g paracetamol per kg body weight after treatment. Blood sampling was carried out 3 times (before treatment, after treatment and after induction).Results: With doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg extract per kg body weight of rats give significant difference on the decrease of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) levels after paracetamol administration.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Vernonia amygdalina leaves ethanolic extract were potentially hepatoprotective.

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