scholarly journals Isolation and identification of Bacteria and their drug susceptibility pattern in children to establish the correlation between childhood Septicemia with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Al Jahidi Hasan Chowdhurya ◽  
M Shahjahana ◽  
Tanzima Yeasmin ◽  
Mohammad Shariar Shovona ◽  
M Mushfequr Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Blood Culture Positivity ◽  
Diagnostic And Prognostic Value

Context: Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality and C-reactive protein (CRP) an excellent biomarker has significant diagnostic and prognostic value for the treatment of septicemia patient. Objectives: To isolate and identify viable pathogens from blood culture and their antibiogram and to correlate CRP levels with septicemic child. Materials and Methods: A total of 273 cases among which 233 were clinically suspected septicemia cases and 40 were healthy controls in age group 0 day to 15 years were selected from United Hospital Ltd., Dhaka Bangladesh. Blood culture was analyzed by the instrument BACTEC 9120 series. CRP was measured from blood serum by the auto biochemical analyzer OLYMPUS AU 640 followed by immuno-turbidimetric method. The organisms were isolated by inoculation on blood agar and MacConkey agar media. Identification of the organisms was done by colony morphology, gram staining and biochemical tests. Sensitivity of isolates was done against antimicrobial agents by disc diffusing method. Results: Blood samples in total 233 cases of suspected septicemia in children were studied between the ages of 0 day to 15 years. Culture proven septicemia 39 (16.74%), probable septicemia 136 (58.37%) and nonsepticemic febrile patients 58 (24.90%) were found. The highest rate of blood culture positivity found among 5-10 yrs. age group (25.64%). Salmonella typhi (41.03%) was the most common infective agent. The rate of blood culture positivity was significantly higher (p<0.001) among patients without antimicrobial therapy (23.74%) than those in patients with antimicrobial therapy (6.38%). S. typhi were 75% sensitive to Ceftriaxone while azithromycin showed high rate resistance (85.71%). E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were highly sensitive (100%) to imipenem but E. coli resistant (100%) to amikacin, amoxyclavonic acid ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, Cefepime and netilmicin. Resistant (100%) to gentamicin was observed from K. pneumoniae. Mean CRP values (mg/l) of blood culture proven septicemia group, probable septicemia group, non-septicemic febrile group and control group were 70.42, 34.05, 3.08 and 0.98 respectively. Both proven septicemia and suspected septicemia cases showed CRP concentration above the cut-off value (>6 mg/l) and p value significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was found when mean CRP level of proven septicemia group, probable septicemia group and non-septicemic febrile group each compared with control group. CRP concentration were significantly (p < 0.001) different among three study group. Conclusion: Most of the gram negative bacteria isolated from blood culture showed resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The predominant infective isolate was Salmonella typhi. In this study, CRP level is high (cut-off value 6 mg/l) both in proven and probable septicemia group. CRP may have a good biomarker tools in diagnostic and prognostic value. Investigation of blood culture should be done before antimicrobial therapy, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22524 J. bio-sci. 21: 99-108, 2013

scholarly journals C-Reactive Protein Monitoring and Clinical Presentation of Fever as Predictive Factors of Prolonged Febrile Neutropenia and Blood Culture Positivity after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation—Single-Center Real-Life Experience

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Daniela Carcò ◽  
Uros Markovic ◽  
Paolo Castorina ◽  
Valeria Iachelli ◽  
Tecla Pace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Real Life ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Prolonged Fever ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Blood Culture Positivity

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a medical emergency that requires urgent evaluation, timely administration of empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics and careful monitoring in order to optimize the patient’s outcome, especially in the setting of both allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (ASCT). Methods: In this real-life retrospective study, a total of 49 consecutive episodes of FN were evaluated in 40 adult patients affected by either multiple myeloma (thirty-eight) or lymphoma (eleven), following ASCT, with nine patients having fever in both of the tandem transplantations. Results: Febrile neutropenia occurred a median of 7 days from ASCT. Median duration of FN was 2 days, with 25% of population that had fever for at least four days. Ten patients had at least one fever spike superior to 39 °C, while the median number of daily fever spikes was two. Twenty patients had positive blood cultures with XDR germs, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, present in seven cases. ROC analysis of peak C-reactive protein (CRP) values was conducted based on blood culture positivity and a value of 12 mg/dL resulted significant. Onset of prolonged fever with a duration greater than 3 days was associated with the presence of both a peak number of three or more daily fever spikes (p = 0.02) and a body temperature greater than 39 °C (p = 0.04) based on odds ratio (OR). Blood culture positivity and peak CRP values greater than 12 mg/dL were also associated with prolonged fever duration, p = 0.04, and p = 0.03, respectively. The probability of blood culture positivity was also greater in association with fever greater than 39 °C (p = 0.04). Furthermore, peak CRP values below the cut-off showed less probability of positive blood culture (p = 0.02). Conclusions: In our study, clinical characteristics of fever along with peak CRP levels were associated with a higher probability of both prolonged fever duration and positive blood culture, needing extended antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Role of Serial C-reactive Protein (CRP) in Relation to Total Leucocyte Count, Platelet Count & Blood Culture for early Diagnosis of Neonatal Septicemia in Developing Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Chiranjib Barua ◽  
Md Nurul Anwar ◽  
Md Shahidullah ◽  
Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Sharmila Barua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
Reactive Protein

Neonatal septicemia is a clinical syndrome of systemic illness accompanied by bacteremia occuring in the first 28 days of life. Neonatal septicemia is one of the major causes of neonatal death in developing countries. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent neonatal mortality and morbidity. The present study includes: 1) usefulness of CRP (C-reactive protein), Total Leucocyte Count, Platelet Count and Blood Culture in early diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis, 2) significance of serial CRP in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. 3) the prognostic value of CRP in neonatal sepsis. This is a prospective study done in neonatal ward, Chittagong Medical College Hospital and carried out from January 2008 to January 2011. Sample size was 300. One hundred fifty neonates with suspected sepsis as cases and 150 healthy babies as control were enrolled in this study. Seventy two percent of cases neonates were preterm and low birth weight. Common risk factors for neonatal septicemia which were identified in this study; preterm (72%), low birth weight (72%), premature rupture membrane (60%), chorioamnionitis (26%) and maternal urinary tract infection (16%) . Out of 150 cases of suspected neonatal sepsis total 80.7%% had raised CRP, in initial sample 70.39% were CRP positive and in 2nd sample additional 9.31% case were CRP positive . In control group 91% were CRP negative. CRP was positive in 100% of culture proven sepsis. Sensitivity of CRP was 80.67% and specificity of CRP was 76.44%. Leucocytosis was observed in 7% of cases and leucopenia was found in 11% of cases. In 82 % cases leucocyte count was found normal. In control group, 95% had normal leucocyte count and 5% had leucocytosis but no leucopenia. Sensitivity of leucocyte count was 18% and specificity was 20.68%. Thrombocytopenia was found in 28% of case group. Out of 150 cases only 15.33% yielded growth of organisms in blood culture. Klebsiella was the most common pathogen isolated which was followed by E.coli and Strph. aureus. Sensitivity of blood culture was 15.33% and specificity was 100% Therefore serial CRP can be taken as alternative method for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis specially in developing countries where blood culture is not readily available.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 61-65

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, Compared with Procalcitonin, C-reactive Protein, and Lactate in Bacteremia Estimation for Patients with Febrile Neutropenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-426
Author(s):  
İlker Ödemiş ◽  
Şükran Köse ◽  
Süheyla Serin Senger ◽  
İlkay Akbulut ◽  
Didem Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein

AbstractBacteremia in the febrile neutropenic patients significantly increases the mortality. It takes a long time to complete the blood culture for the diagnosis of bacteremia. Therefore, quick and specific markers are needed for the prediction of bacteremia. The purpose of this study are to compare the diagnostic value of lactate, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in a patient with febrile neutropenia, and to evaluate its usefulness in predicting bacteremia. This study was designed to be prospective case-control study. Forty-eight patients and forty control cases aged 18 years or older who were monitored between May 2016 and May 2017 were included in the study. P-value as <0.05 was accepted to be significant. Significantly increased values were determined by the level of inflammatory markers of patients compared to the control group. The highest diagnostic odds ratio were found to be in MCP-1. For patients with febrile neutropenia, CRP (83.3%), and MCP-1 (81.2%) were the most sensitive markers while lactate (85.0%), MCP-1 (75%), and procalcitonin (75%) were the most specific markers. CRP was the only beneficial biomarker in the estimation of bacteremia. No significant results were observed for any biomarker for the prediction of the gram positive/negative discrimination of bacteria in the blood culture. We believe that CRP, MCP-1, and lactate levels can be taken into consideration for diagnosis, and CRP can be beneficial in the estimation of bacteremia.

scholarly journals Study to correlate sepsis markers and blood culture in neonatal sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Harshitha M. Swamy ◽  
Lakshmi . ◽  
Mallesh K. ◽  
Asima Banu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Blood Culture Positivity

Background: Neonatal sepsis forms the second most common cause of neonatal mortality resulting in more than one million neonatal deaths per year. Neonatal sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis together result in one- fourth of all newborn deaths. Objectives of the study was to correlate sepsis markers with blood culture in neonatal sepsis.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the NICU unit under department of Pediatrics, between November 2017 and May 2019. Sample size was 50. Babies admitted to NICU with clinical suspicion of sepsis were included in the study. Blood samples from these babies were collected under aseptic precautions and subjected to rapid diagnostic tests- sepsis markers and blood culture.Results: Male were predominant (64%). Important risk factors were preterm and low birth weight. Blood culture positivity was 20% (E. coli being most commonly isolated organism). CRP had a high sensitivity of 90% and low specificity of 47%. Procalcitonin had highest sensitivity of 100% and low specificity of 47.5%.Conclusions: CRP and PCT were found to be statistically significant (p=0.036 and 0.01), can be used as a diagnostic tool in neonatal sepsis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and C-Reactive Protein in Tension-Type Headache Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Hüseyin Özdemir ◽  
Ahmet Dönder
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type Headache

Abstract Objectives A tension headache is the most common type of headache, and its causes are multifactorial. A relationship has been shown between migraine headaches and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study, we investigated the NLR, PLR, and serum CRP levels in frequent episodic tension-type headache (FETTH) and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) patients. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 64 patients with FETTH, 80 patients with CTTH, and 60 healthy controls who were followed up in the neurology clinic. Hematological parameters were compared between the patient and control groups. Results In CTTH patients, platelets, NLR, PLR, and CRP values were statistically higher than in FETTH patients and patients in the control group. In FETTH patients, the PLR value was higher than in patients in the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference in NLR and CRP values between FETTH patients and patients in the control group. Also, there was no correlation between these values and age and gender. Conclusion Increase platelet count might have an effect on tension-type headache pathophysiology. Systemic inflammation parameters were shown to be significantly higher in CTTH patients. More comprehensive studies are needed to evaluate the effect of systemic inflammation on the chronicity of tension headaches.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Use Prior to Hospital Presentation Among Individuals With Suspected Enteric Fever in Nepal, Bangladesh, and Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. S285-S292
Author(s):  
Krista Vaidya ◽  
Kristen Aiemjoy ◽  
Farah N Qamar ◽  
Samir K Saha ◽  
Dipesh Tamrakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Blood Culture Positivity

Abstract Background Antibiotic use prior to seeking care at a hospital may reduce the sensitivity of blood culture for enteric fever, with implications for both clinical care and surveillance. The Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) is a prospective study of enteric fever incidence in Nepal, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. Nested within SEAP, we evaluated the accuracy of self-reported antibiotic use and investigated the association between antibiotic use and blood culture positivity. Methods Between November 2016 and April 2019, we collected urine samples among a subset of SEAP participants to test for antibiotic use prior to the hospital visit using an antibacterial activity assay. All participants were asked about recent antibiotic use and had a blood culture performed. We used mixed-effect logit models to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial use on blood culture positivity, adjusted for markers of disease severity. Results We enrolled 2939 patients with suspected enteric fever. Antibiotics were detected in 39% (1145/2939) of urine samples. The correlation between measured and reported antibiotic use was modest (κ = 0.72). After adjusting for disease severity, patients with antibiotics in their urine were slightly more likely to be blood culture positive for enteric fever; however, the effect was not statistically significant (prevalence ratio, 1.22 [95% confidence interval, .99–1.50]). Conclusions The reliability of self-reported prior antibiotic use was modest among individuals presenting with fever to tertiary hospitals. While antibiotics are likely to reduce the sensitivity of blood culture, our findings indicate that there is still considerable value in performing blood culture for individuals reporting antibiotic use.

scholarly journals Microinflammation Factors in the Common Diseases of the Heart and Kidneys

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Tasic ◽  
Sonja Radenkovic ◽  
Gordana Kocic ◽  
Marina Deljanin Ilic ◽  
Aleksandra Ignjatovic
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Cardiorenal Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
Pai 1

Aim. To determine levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in different cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) modalities and to compare findings to some already investigated direct and indirect parameters of inflammation and atherosclerosis.Materials and Methods. Testing involved 114 examinees, divided into control and clinical groups suffering from different modalities and were formed according to the basis of a valid classification for CRS.Results. C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly higher in all CRSs in comparison to the control groupP<0.05. PAI-1 in CRSs was statistically higher than in the control group. IL-8 was increased in all CRSs, and especially in CRS-5, where no significance was found. PAI-1 correlated with IL-8 in all CRSs, with significant value in CRS-2 and CRS-5. Correlation for PAI-1 and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) was found in CRS-4, while IL-8 was found to be related to CRP level in all CRSs, with significance only in CRS-1P<0.001.Conclusions. C-reactive protein, IL-8, and PAI-1 could be useful for clinical differentiation of chronic modalities of CRSs. Inflammation was the most pronounced in CRS-4. Lipid status parameters could be useful for differentiation of CRSs. Furthermore, HDL in chronic primary kidney diseases and triglycerides and total cholesterol in CRS-5 could be valuable.

scholarly journals Serum Zinc, Copper, and Other Biometals Are Associated with COVID-19 Severity Markers

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Anatoly V. Skalny ◽  
Peter S. Timashev ◽  
Michael Aschner ◽  
Jan Aaseth ◽  
Lyubov N. Chernova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Metal Levels

The objective of the present study was to evaluate of serum metal levels in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity, and to investigate the independent association between serum metal profile and markers of lung damage. The cohort of COVID-19 patients consisted of groups of subjects with mild, moderate, and severe illness, 50 examinees each. Forty-four healthy subjects of the respective age were involved in the current study as the control group. Serum metal levels were evaluated using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. Examination of COVID-19 patients demonstrated that heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, C-reactive protein levels, as well as lung damage increased significantly with COVID-19 severity, whereas SpO2 decreased gradually. Increasing COVID-19 severity was also associated with a significant gradual decrease in serum Ca, Fe, Se, Zn levels as compared to controls, whereas serum Cu and especially Cu/Zn ratio were elevated. No significant group differences in serum Mg and Mn levels were observed. Serum Ca, Fe, Se, Zn correlated positively with SpO2, being inversely associated with fever, lung damage, and C-reactive protein concentrations. Opposite correlations were observed for Cu and Cu/Zn ratio. In regression models, serum Se levels were inversely associated with lung damage independently of other markers of disease severity, anthropometric, biochemical, and hemostatic parameters. Cu/Zn ratio was also considered as a significant predictor of lower SpO2 in adjusted regression models. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that metal metabolism significantly interferes with COVID-19 pathogenesis, although the causal relations as well as precise mechanisms are yet to be characterized.

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