Contribution of Farming Enterprises of the Small Farmers towards Household Food Security

The study was to determine the contribution of farming enterprises of small farmers towards household food security and explore relationship with their selected characteristics. Besides, attempts were also made to ascertain the problems faced by the small farmers in achieving household food security. The highest proportion (57%) of the small farmers was in medium while 27% of them were in low category in achieving household food security. Only 44.78% of annual dietary needs of the family were fulfilled from the farming enterprises of the small farmers and more than half of the requirements remained unsatisfied. Among the four sectors of farming enterprises, the highest proportion (41.70%) was contributed by crops alone. Among ten characteristics of the small farmers, farm size and annual family income were positively correlated but family size, annual dietary needs of the family and practiced cropping intensity showed negative relationship with the contribution of farming enterprises towards household food security. The rest characteristics viz. age, education, credit received daily time allocation in farm works and exposure to farming information of the respondents showed insignificant correlation with their achievement of contribution of their farming enterprises towards the household food security. The major problems faced by the small farmers in achieving household food security were inadequate land for farming, inadequate training facilities, lack of contact with communication media, insufficient credit and lack of knowledge of different aspects of improved farming enterprises.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14837 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 323-328 2012

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KARAKTERISTIK TINGKAT KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI BERBASIS AGROEKOSISTEM LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI DI PROVINSI BALI

SEPA Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis ◽

10.20961/sepa.v11i2.14176 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 191

Author(s):

Suharyanto Suharyanto

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Farm Households ◽

Farm Size ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Security Level ◽

Household Food ◽

Food Sufficiency ◽

Food Expenditure ◽

Cross Classification

Household food security level essentially is the ability of households meet food sufficiency. These capabilities are greatly influenced by many complex factors, but generally associated with changes in behavioral aspects of food production, consumption and allocation of households resources. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of household food security based on low land rice irrigated. The study was conducted in three districts of rice production center in the province of Bali in 2012, i.e. Tabanan district, Gianyar and Buleleng. Data collection was conducted through interviews with 216 respondents. Household food security was measured by cross classification of the share of food expenditure and consumption of energy. The results of the analysis showed 58.33 % of households have a lower share of food expenditure and 41.67% household have higher share of food expenditure. In aggregate 86.57% of farm households is quite in consuming energy and 13.43% is less in energy consume. The level of household food security of farmers in the aggregate 49.07% of the household were categorized as secure, 37.9% as vulnerable, 8.79% as insufficient, and 4.17% as insecure. There is a correlation between the level of household food security with age of housewife, level of education, farm size and household income.

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Can Organic Agriculture Feed the Smallholders? Experience from Rural Bangladesh

Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development ◽

10.1177/24551333211036938 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 91-107

Author(s):

M. A. Sarker ◽

M. Hoque ◽

A. H. Chowdhury ◽

Z. Ferdous

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Organic Agriculture ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Farm Size ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Farm Income ◽

Base Line ◽

Project Staff ◽

Household Food ◽

Safe Food

This study empirically tests the benefit of the smallholders from organic farming in Bangladesh through their improved food security which is realised from their increased productivity and farm income. The respondent smallholders were picked up from two districts of Bangladesh namely Mymensingh and Bogra. The respondents (80) were the beneficiaries of the organic agriculture promotion project of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Three years data were collected by the project staff and were crosschecked with the base line. Findings of the study explored that before joining with the project extreme majority (93%) of the small farmers were involved in rice mono-culture and more than half (67%) of them were food deficit. The study also revealed that at the initial year of joining organic agriculture project their farm productivity was 10–12% lesser and it increased continually in the successive years. In some cases, it crossed the yield compared to conventional farming. The findings of the study showed that 100% of the farmers have followed crop diversification with high value vegetables and spices along with rice. Due to adoption of organic practices, the cost of production of the smallholders has declined from 27% to 36% and additionally they enjoy 10% to 15% premium prices which have enhanced their farm income significantly. The study shows that 62.5% of the smallholder farmers had attained household food security due to adoption of organic agriculture. Thus, adoption of organic agriculture effectively increased smallholders’ access to surplus safe food. However, the study also explored that farm size, extension media contact, access to assured market and access to institutional support are the most important factors in improving smallholders’ household food security through participation in organic agriculture programme. Thus, it can be concluded that organic agriculture can feed the smallholders in a better way.

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Peran Perempuan Suku Minangkabau yang Menjadi Kepala Keluarga (PEKKA) bagi Penciptaan Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Padang Timur

Humanus ◽

10.24036/jh.v10i1.489 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Siska Sasmita

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Food Security ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Dominant Position ◽

The Third ◽

Household Food ◽

The Family ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Food Needs

Segment of the third world's poorest people live in households headed by women, because in these households there is no man who can give income. When female heads of families are in a poor position then their ability to meet food needs for family members bear is also questionable. For the case of West Sumatra, although women are culturally Minangkabau tribe, has a fairly dominant position in the division of inheritance, which means has the advantage economically, but not necessarily female heads of families in West Sumatera is able to create and maintain a stable food security for the household, especially if fosterage family not just the nuclear family only. The power and intervention of ‘mamak’ is very strong in the decision making of high inheritance. This phenomenon indicates that the Minangkabau women actually do not have control over resources, such as land and other high inheritance. Moving on from the facts presented above writer is interested to dig further in research on women's roles Minangkabau tribe who became head of the family for the creation of household food security, with the focus of study in the Eastern District of Padang. Kata kunci: perempuan kepala keluarga, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga

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Estudo etnobotânico em quintais agroflorestais em bairro na Cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v11i5.3832 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 138

Author(s):

Carla Spiler ◽

Maria de Fatima Barbosa Coelho ◽

Vanessa Damasceno Gonçalves ◽

Ludmila Porto Piton ◽

Elisangela Clarete Camili

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Ethnobotanical Study ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Household Food ◽

The Family ◽

The City ◽

Management And Conservation ◽

Ornamental Species

Os quintais são espaços de uso, manejo e conservação de diferentes espécies vegetais contribuindo para a renda familiar e segurança alimentar das famílias. O objetivo no presente estudo foi fazer um levantamento das espécies em quintais do Bairro Jardim Florianópolis em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. A pesquisa foi conduzida através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, associadas às técnicas de “bola de neve” e turnê-guiada. Foram registradas 58 espécies pertencentes a 52 gêneros e 27 famílias, destacando-se as famílias Arecaceae (7 spp.), Araceae (5 spp.), Liliaceae (5 spp.) Myrtaceae (4 spp.) e Rubiaceae (4 spp.). A maior parte das espécies são exóticas (75,86%). As plantas são classificadas pelos moradores em ornamentais, alimentícias e medicinais. O uso ornamental representou 62,5%, o medicinal 21,5% e o alimentício apenas 16%. As espécies ornamentais de hábito herbáceo são as mais importantes com predominância da família Arecaceae.Ethnobotanical study in agroforestry homegardens in a neighborhood in the City of Cuiabá, Mato GrossoAbstract: Homegardens are spaces for the use, management and conservation of different plant species contributing to family income and household food security. The aim of this study was to survey the species in homegardens of Jardim Florianópolis neighborhood in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. The research was conducted through semi-structured interviews, associated with snowball and tour-guided techniques. A total of 58 species belonging to 52 genera and 27 families were recorded, including the families Arecaceae (7 spp.), Araceae (5 spp.), Liliaceae (5 spp.) Myrtaceae (4 spp.) and Rubiaceae. Most species are exotic (75.86%). The ornamental use represented 62.5%, the medicinal 21.5% and the food only 16%. The ornamental species of herbaceous habit are the most important with predominance of the family Arecaceae.

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AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AND FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM

AGROFOR ◽

10.7251/agreng1601086n ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thi Minh Khue Nguyen ◽

Thi Dien Nguyen ◽

Philippe Lebailly

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Quality ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Household Food ◽

Household Model ◽

The Family ◽

The Status

Since 1990s the bloom of industrialization and urbanization brings the changes ofsocial and economic issue of Vietnam rural areas. During this process, ruralhouseholds have reduced agricultural land for cultivating. From the status of foodproducers now they become food consumers. Through surveying 215 householdsin Bac Ninh province, the study shows that that industrialization and landconversion process affected household food security in several aspects: the lost ofagricultural land and surplus agricultural production decrease; unguaranteed decentwork for peasants and high living cost; the decline of living quality and foodsafety. Food consumption of the family has shifted from self-reliance to the waythat more depend on market which increases food expense propotion on householdbudget. However, spending more on food does not mean satisfied since thesuspiciousness of food quality. Household food security becomes more vulnerable,especially for households that have limited access to land and incapability offinding stable jobs. One of the strategies of rural households is diversify theirlivelihoods, accepted multi-spacial household model. And when income from nonfarmjobs could relatively supply enough their need of cash, they would ratherconsume high quality food than grow and sell high yielding variable. Ruralhouseholds move back to the local traditional agricultural activities to ensure theirown food quality.

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Association of Household Food Security with Anaemia among Children of a Selected Rural Area of Bangladesh

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v14i2.45892 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 130-133

Author(s):

Md Nazrul Islam Khan ◽

Nasim Jahan ◽

Md Abdul Wahab ◽

Farzana Zafreen

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Rural Area ◽

Family Income ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Household Food ◽

And Gender

Introduction: Food insecurity refers to a household’s having “limited or uncertain availability of food, or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways”. Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia, are the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies worldwide and related to household food insecurity. Objectives: To find out the association between household food security and anaemia in children of a selected rural area of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among children ranging age from 12 to 60 months during the period ofJanuary 2009 to June 2009in Chandpur district. Mothers of the children were the respondents. A total of 192 children selected by simple random sampling were included in the study. Data were collected by face-to-face interview of the respondents and by estimation of haemoglobin of the children. Results: The mean age of the children was 34.5 ± 16.8 months. Male children were more than the female children with male to female ratio being 3:2. The average monthly family income was taka 7500. More than 60% of the mother had secondary level education. Farming was the prime occupation (36.4 %) of the father followed by business (25.5%) and service (22.4%). About 36% of the household did not have food security and nearly 45% of the children wereanaemic (Hb<11 g/dl). About two-thirds (65.2%) children with household food insecurity was anaemic (Hb 11g/dl). Estimation of odds ratio demonstrates that food insecured children were nearly 3 times as likely to develop anaemia as the children having household food security. The present study revealed a significant association (P<0.001) between household food security and anaemia in children. Household food security was not influenced by age and gender of the children. Low family income and mother’ illiteracy was significantly associated with household food insecurity. Conclusion: The present study revealed a significant association between household food insecurity and anaemia in children. Household food security was not influenced by age and gender of the children. However, low family income and mothers’ illiteracy play significant role in household food security. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 130-133

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Household Food Security and Nutritional Status of Rural Elderly

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v40i3.18649 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

MA Alam ◽

Md Anisur Rahman ◽

Meerjady Sabrina Flora ◽

Md. Rizwanul Karim ◽

Md. Parvez Iqbal Sharif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Food Security ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Elderly People ◽

Family Income ◽

Rural Elderly ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Security Level ◽

Single Family ◽

Household Food

Household food security is an emerging public health issue and the rural elderly people are one of the most vulnerable groups for the household food security. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Barobaria union of Gofargaon upazila of Mymensingh district to assess the nutritional status of rural elderly (?60 years) in relation to the household food security. A total of 118 purposively selected elderly were interviewed and measured for height and weight following a standard protocol. The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 68.6 (7.3) years and gender participation was equally represented. Majority (68.6%) of the respondents was illiterate and 92% were Muslims. Mean family size and monthly family income was estimated to be 5.5 and Taka 6106, respectively and 70% of the rural elderly were found to be dependent on their family members as they were not involved in income generation and most of the respondents were the members of joint family. Only about 29% of the total elderly were at the highest quarter of food security. Illiteracy, members of single family and larger family were found to be significantly associated with lower level of household food security (p < 0.05). Although age, sex, personal income and occupational category had no significant association, the total family income was significantly associated with household food security. Among the respondents 56% were underweight including 13% with severe chronic energy deficiency. Only 5.9% were overweight. Illiterates were three times more likely to be underweight than literates (OR 2.95 with 95% CI 1.32, 6.59). Smoking, lower family income, poor housing, single family, irregularity in treatment were significantly associated with underweight. A significant difference was found between mean body mass index of different household food security level (F =3.22, p < 0.05). There was gradual increase of mean body mass index with the improved status of food security level. Policy makers, therefore, need to consider programs that empower people to solve the problem of food insecurity and to improve the nutritional status of rural elderly people. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i3.18649 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2011 Vol.40(3):8-11

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Determinants of Crop Diversification and Its Effects on Household Food Security in Northern Ghana

Arthaniti-Journal of Economic Theory and Practice ◽

10.1177/0976747920936818 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 097674792093681

Author(s):

Abdul Razak Baba ◽

Abdul-Malik Abdulai

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Process Model ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Farm Size ◽

Northern Ghana ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Crop Diversification ◽

Household Food ◽

Food Security Status ◽

Northern Regions

This study analyses factors that determine smallholder farmers’ crop diversification decisions and their effects on household food security in Northern Ghana. A total of 1,284 households were sampled across the five northern regions of Ghana. Herfindahl Index for measuring crop diversification was used. The study found average crop diversity to be 0.55 and about 61 per cent of the sampled farmers had values above the average which indicated high crop diversification in the study area. The study also estimated the determinants of crop diversification and their effects on household dietary food security using the conditional mixed process model. Upon examining the determinants of crop diversification, occupation, technology adoption, labour, extension contact and farm size were identified as significant determinants. The study also computed the Household Food Consumption Score as a proxy for measuring food security. The result indicated that crop diversification contributes significantly to improving household food security status in Northern Ghana.

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Household Food Security During The COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban and Semi-Urban Areas in Indonesia.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-711606/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad Syafiq ◽

Sandra Fikawati ◽

Syilga Cahya Gemily

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Food ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic was the weakening of the community's economic condition. The weak economy of the community will have an impact on household food security. This study aims to determine food security in the COVID-19 pandemic situation and the impact of the pandemic on food security in urban and semi-urban areas. Methods A cross-sectional study with a total sample of 517 people who live in urban (Jakarta) and semi-urban (Depok) areas. The research data was collected online and purposively through Posyandu cadres who have access to family/community. Data analysis used the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results There were 65.0% of households had food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that family income during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 4.2; 95%CI = 2.7–6.7), the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.6–4.1), and the age of the respondent (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.1–2.5) was significantly related to household food security after being controlled by husband's work status during the pandemic. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on employment and income which then decreasing the level of household food security.

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Acculturation Is Related to Diet Quality in Phoenix Preschoolers, Controlling for Food Insecurity (P04-048-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz051.p04-048-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Marisa Gutierrez ◽

Kimberly Fine ◽

Meg Bruening ◽

Corrie Whisner ◽

Rebecca Lee

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Family Income ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Maternal Child Health ◽

Household Food ◽

Food Security Status ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objectives To examine the relationship between acculturation and diet quality of preschoolers in the Phoenix area. There is little research on how the dietary intake of preschoolers outside of the home is impacted by parental acculturation in food secure and insecure households. Methods This study was a cross-sectional secondary data analysis of the SAGE (Sustainability via Active Garden Education) research project. SAGE provides education on gardening, physical activity, and nutrition to preschoolers in Phoenix, AZ. Preschoolers (Mean age 53.1 + 3.5 mos; n = 154) were recruited from early care and education centers (ECEC). Acculturation was evaluated using a parent-report validated survey on a scale of 1–5 (1 = low acculturation). Parents also reported sociodemographic variables (child sex, age, ethnicity, and family income) and household food security status (dichotomized as food secure or insecure). Meals were observed by trained research staff at the ECEC for one full day (breakfast, lunch, snack) and recorded using the Nutrition Data System for Research. Linear regressions examined the relationship between acculturation and diet quality (total kcal, fruits, vegetables, saturated fat, added sugar intake) adjusting for sociodemographics and household food security status. Results A total of 78.6% of preschoolers in this study were Hispanic. Of the 154 children, 52.6% and 47.4% were male and female, respectively. The mean acculturation score was 3.0 + 1.3 with 41.8% of the sample being food insecure. Higher acculturation was significantly associated with increased vegetable (β = 0.095, P = 0.028) and saturated fat intake (β = 1.001, P = 0.018). Acculturation trended an association with increased kcal intake (β = 47.475, P = 0.053). Conclusions Results suggest parent acculturation is associated with healthy and unhealthy eating habits in preschoolers outside of the home regardless of food security status. When evaluating diet quality of preschoolers, acculturation needs to be assessed to promote improved health behaviors, especially in relation to saturated fat and vegetable intake. Funding Sources This study was funded by the Maternal Child Health Bureau and the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health.

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