scholarly journals Gender Specific Psychological Distress in Cancer Patients with Underage Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Jamila Akter ◽  
Manzurul Haque Khan ◽  
Jaglul Gaffer Khan
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Study Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Minor Children

Background: Psychological distress has become an epidemic among cancer patients. Less is known about the pattern of anxiety and depression in cancer patients with minor children. Gender issue is also important in this regard. Psychological distress is an important predictor of quality of life in cancer patients. A majority of these disorders are eminently treatable.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was done to compare anxiety and depression status between cancer patients having and not having minor children, attending at National Institute of Cancer Research Hospital, Oncology department in Dhaka Medical College Hospital and in Uttara Adhunik Medical College Hospital. The study was conducted for the time period from September, 2012 to June, 2013. In study group, having underage children, 123 cancer patients were included. Whereas in comparison group without having underage children, 116 patients were selected. Purposive sampling was applied. Cancer patients in both groups were selected randomly, each between the age from 20 to 60 years, corresponding to Karnofsky Performance Scale Score > 79. All The included cancer patients were married and did not have history of substance use or any prior psychiatric illness or co morbidities related to development of secondary psychiatric disorders. Distress among the patients were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Two sub scales – A – Anxiety subscale and D – Depression subscale).Result: In the study group, 60.2% respondents was male and 39.8% was female. And in comparison group male and female ratio was 42.2% and 57.8%. Mean age of the participants in study group was 36.97±4.37 and in comparison group was 42.98±11.74 years respectively. The mean duration since diagnosis was 12.85±13.11 months in study group and 11.53±6.72 months in comparison group. Majority of the respondents in study group were suffering from guynaecological cancer (25.2%) and gastro intestinal cancer (25.2%). Whereas majority cancer patients in comparison group were guynaecological cancer (31%) and haematolymphoid cancer (20.7) as well. Metastasis was present in 42.3% patients in study sample and 64.7% patients in comparison group. It was noticed that, both male and female in study group were found significantly more distressed than the comparison group (p < 0.001). In study group mean anxiety score in male (n=74) was 15.72±2.314 and in female (n=49) was 12.06±2.802, i.e. father with minor children were suffering from more anxiety than the mother (t = 7.878, p < 0.001). Mean depression score in male (study group) was 11.91±2.489, whereas in female it was 17.55±2.542, i.e. female cancer patients with minor children were found more depressed than male (t = 12.211; and p < 0.001). In comparison group, mean anxiety score among male (n=49) was 7.27±1.630 and in female (n=67) mean anxiety score was 8.84±1.592. Female were more anxious than male in comparison group (t = 5.196; p < 0.001). In this group, mean depression score in male was 9.671±1.651 and in female it was 8.58±2.161. Male without minor children were found more depressed than female in this group (t = 2.958; p = 0.004).But among all the cancer patients majority of female were found anxious (93.1%) i.e prevalence of anxiety was more in female. And majority of the male respondents (95.1%) were depressed; (odds ratio; depression in male: female = 3.120; CI at 95% level – from 1.176 to 8.276).Conclusion: Cancer father with minor children were more prone to development of higher anxiety. And anxiety was more prevalent in female among all the cancer patients with and without minor children.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(1): 10-15, 2015 (Jan)

scholarly journals Psychological Distress in Cancer Patients with Underage Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Jamila Akter ◽  
Jaglul Gaffer Khan ◽  
Manzurul Haque Khan ◽  
Mohammad Zaid Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Study Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
Female Cancer Patients ◽  
Minor Children

Context: A cross-sectional comparative study was designed to compare psychological distress in cancer patients with and without minor children.Materials and methods: This study was done to compare anxiety and depression status among the cancer patients attending at National Institute of Cancer Research Hospital, Oncology department in Dhaka Medical College Hospital and in Uttara Adhunik Medical College Hospital. The study was conducted from September, 2012 to June, 2013. Respondents had been divided into two groups. In study group 123 cancer patients having underage children were included and in comparison group 116 cancer patients without having underage children were selected. Purposive sampling was applied. All the married cancer patients in both groups were selected randomly each between the age from 20 to 60 years with minimal or no physical difficulties. They did not have any history of prior psychiatric illness or co morbidities or substance abuse related to development of secondary psychiatric disorders. Distress among the patients were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Two sub scales – A – Anxiety subscale and D – Depression subscale).Result: In the study group, 60.2% respondents were male and 39.8% female. And in comparison group male and female were 42.2% and 57.8%. Mean age of the participants in study group was 36.97±4.37 and in comparison group was 42.98±11.74 years. The mean duration since diagnosis was 12.85±13.11 months in study group and 11.53±6.72 months in comparison group. Majority of the respondents in study group were suffering from guynaecological cancer (25.2%) and gastro intestinal cancer (25.2%). Majority cancer in comparison group were guynaecological cancer (31%) and haematolymphoid cancer (20.7%) as well. Metastasis was present in 42.3% patients in study sample and 35.3% patients in comparison group. In study group 99.2% patients were suffering from both anxiety and depression. Majority (79.3%) patients in comparison group had been found depressed and 70.7% of them were anxious also. In study group 48.8% had moderate anxiety, 39% had severe and 11.4% had mild anxiety. Only 0.8% cancer patient had normal anxiety in this group. In comparison group 29.3% patients were normal in this regard. Majority (64.7%) had mild anxiety, 6% had moderate and no one had severe anxiety. Anxiety status was significantly different between the groups ( p < 0.001 ). Majority of the cancer patients in study group were suffering from depression. In this group 45.5% had moderate, 37.4% had severe, 16.3% had mild depression. In comparison group 62.1% had mild, 20.7% normal, 16.4% moderate and 0.9% had severe depression. The groups were significantly different ( p < 0.001 ) in depression status. In study group mean anxiety score in male was 15.72±2.314 and in female was 12.06±2.802, i.e. father with minor children were suffering from more anxiety than the mother (t = 7.878, p < 0.001). Mean depression score in male in study group was 11.91±2.489 and in female was 17.55±2.542, i.e. female cancer patients with minor children were found more depressed than male (t = 12.211; and p < 0.001).Conclusion: Almost all of the cancer patients with minor children had been found psychologically distressed. Cancer father with minor children were more prone to development of higher anxiety than the mothers in the same group. Female cancer patients with minor children were found more depressed than male.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 24, No.2, October, 2015, Page 146-151

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Need-Based Program in Relieving Psychological Distress of Family Caregivers of Leukemia Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Abdullahzadeh ◽  
Narjes Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract PurposeThe family of leukemia patients, due to their caring role, often feel psychological distress. This paper describes the efficacy of a designed family-need-based program on relieving depression, anxiety, and stress of family caregivers of leukemia patients by meeting the specific psychological needs of caregivers.MethodsIn this clinical trial, 64 family caregivers of leukemia patients referring to a medical center in Iran were recruited by convenience sampling and divided into study and control groups randomly. The study group attended a designed need-based program. The control group did not receive the intervention. Stress, anxiety, and depression before, right after, and one month after the intervention in family caregivers were compared using DASS-42. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; the significance level adopted was 5%.ResultsBefore the intervention, the mean score of depression, anxiety, and stress scale in both study and control groups showed no considerable difference (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of DASS-42 revealed a significant difference between the two groups and the study group did better on outcomes (P < 0.001).ConclusionThis family-need-based program can decrease the level of stress, anxiety, and depression of the family caregivers of leukemia patients and may potentially alleviate the psychological distress of family caregivers over their caring role.Trial registration number: IRCT2013093011895N2. Date of registration: 2014-05-06

Perspectives on psychological distress in cancer patients: Comparison between expected, perceived and actual disturbances in a clinic from Argentina

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18515-18515
Author(s):  
F. Torrente ◽  
D. Gercovich ◽  
H. Hirsch ◽  
P. Margiolakis ◽  
E. Gil Deza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Psychological Assistance

18515 Background: Psychological distress is a widespread phenomenon in cancer patients (pts.) Notwithstanding, its recognition and the threshold criteria for referral to a specialized unit are still problematic in clinical practice. Correspondingly, the aim of this study was to explore how much psychological distress (PD) is expected by the oncologists, how much distress is actually present in these pts., and finally how many of them are detected as having significant problems and referred to the mental health unit (MHU). Methods: Three sources of data were compared for the purpose of this study. Firstly, a survey to the practicing oncologists (n =18) was carried out in order to establish the rate of PD expected by them. Secondly, a consecutive sample of 259 pts. was evaluated in the waiting room with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for establishing an estimation of the actual rate of PD in this population. Finally, 115 pts. from the MHU were studied for determining the rate and the accuracy of the referral made by the oncologists. Results: Sixty one percent of the surveyed oncologists considered that 75% or more of their pts would need psychological assistance. The waiting room sample evaluated with the HADS showed that 74.9% of patients surpassed the cutoff score (11 points) for either anxiety or depression, or both. Despite this, less than 5% of the total population of the clinic was referred to the MHU. From this sample, 38.3% of the pts. scored below the cutoff line. The proportion of pts. who exceeded the cutoff score for depression was significantly higher in the MHU sample. Conclusions: Most of the oncologists expect a high rate of PD in their patients, and even overestimate it. Actual rates of anxiety and depression were also high. On the contrary, the rate of referral to specialized mental health treatment was extremely low and the pts. referred were not necessarily highly disturbed. Depression is probably better recognized than anxiety by oncologists. In conclusion, both quantitative and qualitative problems were detected in the referral to the MHU, regardless the awareness of the oncologists about PD. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Meaning of life, representation of death, and their association with psychological distress

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Testoni ◽  
Giulia Sansonetto ◽  
Lucia Ronconi ◽  
Maddalena Rodelli ◽  
Gloria Baracco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Participants

AbstractObjective:This paper presents a two-phase cross-sectional study aimed at examining the possible mitigating role of perceived meaning of life and representation of death on psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.Method:The first phase involved 219 healthy participants, while the second encompassed 30 cancer patients. Each participant completed the Personal Meaning Profile (PMP), the Testoni Death Representation Scale (TDRS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Distress Thermometer (DT). The primary analyses comprised (1) correlation analyses between the overall scores of each of the instruments and (2) path analysis to assess the indirect effect of the PMP on DT score through anxiety and depression as determined by the HADS.Results:The path analysis showed that the PMP was inversely correlated with depression and anxiety, which, in turn, mediated the effect on distress. Inverse correlations were found between several dimensions of the PMP, the DT, and the HADS–Anxiety and HADS–Depression subscales, in both healthy participants and cancer patients. Religious orientation (faith in God) was related to a stronger sense of meaning in life and the ontological representation of death as a passage, rather than annihilation.Significance of Results:Our findings support the hypothesis that participants who represent death as a passage and have a strong perception of the meaning of life tend to report lower levels of distress, anxiety, and depression. We recommend that perceived meaning of life and representation of death be more specifically examined in the cancer and palliative care settings.

scholarly journals Menopause Anxiety and Depression; How Food Can Help?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Suzanne Fouad ◽  
Salwa M. El Shebini ◽  
Maha Abdel-Moaty ◽  
Nihad Hassan Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Saied Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are reported as two major frequent and chief complaints among peri-menopausal women in several societies. AIM: The objective of the study was to study the effect of using two dietary supplements to beat depression and anxiety associated with menopause. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-six volunteers’ menopausal women participated on the study for 8 weeks, 35 subjects consumed daily cookies prepared mainly from soya flour and flaxseed, and 31 females consumed daily a blend composed mainly of raw unroasted peanut and raw sesame. Follow-up was performed with menopause rating scale, anxiety score, depression score, and biochemical parameters. RESULTS: Soya cookies were rich in plant-based protein and total phenols while blend was a good source of unsaturated fatty acid. Blend consumers showed significant percentage reduction in beck anxiety score and beck depression score after intervention, more than cookies consumers group. The anthropometrics parameters were statistical significant changed on both groups, more on the group who consumed the soya cookies. Soya cookies demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect, while blend had an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as was shown on the serum assay of interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde as an inflammatory marker and an antioxidant marker, respectively. CONCLUSION: From the results, it can be concluded that the supplementation of products enriched with unsaturated fatty acid was more beneficial to slow down the psychological menopause symptoms than natural estrogen rich product consumption.

scholarly journals Association of Low Serum Cholesterol With Hemorrhagic Stroke

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
ABM Khairul Hasan ◽  
Jalal Uddin ◽  
Safayet Ahmed ◽  
Kazi Shihab Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Alamgir Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Serum

Background: Stroke is the second cause of death and third cause of disability in worldwide so control of risk factor is the best option for prevention of stroke and stroke related disability. Objectives: The study is to know the relation of low serum cholesterol with hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and Methods: This Study is a case control study carried out at Neurology and Medicine ward Mymensingh Medical college hospital (MMCH) from july2017 to December 2018 to see the association of low serum cholesterol with hemorrhagic stroke. A total number of 120 subjects more than 18 years were considered for the study. Among them 60 were study group and 60 were control group. The study population has been selected following some exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results: Result showed that hemorrhagic stroke was more in male than female, common after the age of 60 years. Lower middle classes are more sufferers. Hypertension was 76.7% of study group and serum cholesterol was significantly lower in study group than the control group. Conclusion: This study found that the serum total cholesterol level of study group is less than that of the healthy control group and the difference is statistically highly significant (p< 0.001). So it can be concluded that low serum cholesterol is associated with hemorrhagic stroke. KYAMC Journal. 2021;12(3): 147-152

Relationships between distress and sleep in advanced cancer patients and spouse caregivers.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 195-195
Author(s):  
Maija Reblin ◽  
Brian Gonzalez ◽  
Richard E Heyman ◽  
Lee Ellington ◽  
Susan Thomas Vadaparampil
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Spouse Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

195 Background: Sleep disturbance is a common problem among individuals with advanced cancer. Distress and sleep disturbance are highly interdependent in spouses. Little research has examined dyadic effects of psychological distress on sleep in patient-caregiver spouses, most of whom sleep together. The goal of this study was to determine how anxiety and depression impact one’s own sleep and partner’s sleep in advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers. Methods: As part of a larger study, 86 advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers completed surveys on demographics and self-reported health, including sleep duration, and the HADS measure of anxiety and depression. A path analysis was conducted to determine the impact of patient and caregiver anxiety and depression on their own and their partner’s sleep. Results: The majority of dyads were white (n = 79) and all were heterosexual. The patient was female in 25 couples. The average age for patients was 67 and 65 for caregivers; couples had been together an average of 35 years. Patients reported sleeping 7.2 hours/night (SD = 1.7) and caregivers reported sleeping 6.72 hours/night (SD = 1.3). Patient and caregiver sleep was significantly correlated (r = .42, p < .01). Controlling for age, sex, and general health, one’s own anxiety was negatively associated with one’s own sleep duration (patient B = -.12, p = .04; caregiver B = -.13, p < .01), but patients’ anxiety was not associated with caregivers’ sleep duration or vice versa. Individuals’ depression was not associated with their own sleep duration, but patient depression was positively associated with caregiver sleep duration (B = .10, p = .05). Conclusions: This is one of the first dyadic explorations of psychological distress and sleep duration in advanced cancer patients and spouse caregivers. The increase in the caregivers’ reported sleep duration associated with patient depression may be an early indicator of caregiver depression. These findings strongly support further research of the dyadic effects of distress on sleep to identify longitudinal effects on holistic sleep outcomes for spouses coping with cancer.

scholarly journals Features of emotional status in patient with unstable angina

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ibatov
Keyword(s):  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Psychopathic Deviate ◽  
Depression Level

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Purpose to study emotional status at patients with unstable angina.  Materials and methods 42 men with unstable angina in the age from 40 till 65 years (average age 55.8 ± 1.3 years) were examined. A level of anxiety and the depression were examined by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), personality characteristics - by the MMPI questionnaire.  Results The patients with unstable angina had 5.4 ± 0.6 (from 2 till 12) score of anxiety level and 5.5 ± 0.6 (from 0 till 16) score of depression level accordingly. Besides 23.5 % of the patients with unstable angina had clinical and subclinical level of anxiety (score &gt; 7 by HADS), 76.5 % of the patients with unstable angina had no anxiety (score ≤ 7 by HADS). However 35.3% of patients with unstable angina had clinical and subclinical level of depression (score &gt; 7 by HADS) and 64.7 % of patients with unstable angina had no depression (score ≤ 7 by HADS). The patients with unstable angina had the such MMPI test parameters accordingly: on scale of Hypochondriasis – 54.2 ± 1.0 score; on scale of Depression – 44.8 ± 2.2 score; on scale of Hysteria – 52.4 ± 1.1 score; on scale of Psychopathic Deviate – 43.5 ± 2.0 score; on scale of Paranoia – 52.2 ± 2.5 score; on scale of Psychasthenia – 48.6 ± 2.4 score; on scale of Schizophrenia – 48.7 ± 2.2 score; on scale of Hypomania – 45.1 ± 1.2 score.  Conclusion 23.5 % of the patients with unstable angina had clinical and subclinical level of anxiety and 35.3% - depression. These patients need correction of anxiety and depression, that should be considered in treatment and rehabilitation.

Incidence of Fatigue in Patients of Cancer of Head & Neck Region, Receiving Chemotherapy as well as Radiotherapy, and Its Effect on Quality of Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (43) ◽  
pp. 2485-2491
Author(s):  
Simanta Kumar Behera ◽  
Sima Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Severe Fatigue ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Moderate Fatigue

BACKGROUND Fatigue has been defined as a feeling of weakness subjectively, also expressed as extreme tiredness and energy loss due to illness or physical or mental exertion. Differences of quality of fatigue between healthy controls and cancer patients have been suggested. Moreover, these are due to heightened degree of expression of fatigue in cancer patients. We wanted to determine the prevalence of fatigue in patients suffering from head & neck cancer and receiving chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy and evaluate the fatigue related impact on quality of life. METHODS This is a cross sectional study done among patients of head & neck cancer, receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy, in the Department of Oncology, Surgery and Pathology, K.D. Medical College Hospital & Research Center, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. Department of Radiation Oncology, Grecian Superspeciality Hospital, Mohali. PG Department of Radiotherapy, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack. Duration of study is 2013 December 2014 November and 2019 March - 2020 July. Forty-one patients were studied. RESULTS Out of twenty-four patients who were treated with radiotherapy, nine patients had mild fatigue; fifteen patients had moderate fatigue; and no patient had severe fatigue. Among seventeen patients who received chemotherapy, fourteen patients reported mild fatigue, two reported moderate fatigue, and one patient reported severe fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Different anticancer therapies cause Cancer Related Fatigue (CRF); those could be chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Severity of fatigue was more in radiotherapy as compared to chemotherapy group. KEYWORDS Cancer, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Fatigue, Quality of Life (QOL)

Major Depression, Adjustment Disorders, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients: Associated and Predictive Factors

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1957-1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Akechi ◽  
Toru Okuyama ◽  
Yuriko Sugawara ◽  
Tomohito Nakano ◽  
Yasuo Shima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Terminally Ill Cancer Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic

Purpose Few studies have been conducted to elucidate the psychological distress of terminally ill cancer patients. This study attempted to determine the prevalence of adjustment disorders (AD), major depression (MD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among terminally ill cancer patients, to identify factors that contribute to them, and to determine how they change longitudinally. Patients and Methods Consecutive terminally ill cancer patients were recruited. Patients were assessed for psychiatric disorders by structured clinical interview twice: once at the time of their registration with a palliative care unit (baseline), and again at the time of their palliative care unit admission (follow-up). Possible contributed biomedical and psychosocial factors were evaluated. Results The proportions of patients diagnosed with AD, MD, and PTSD at baseline (n = 209) were 16.3%, 6.7%, and 0% respectively, whereas at follow-up (n = 85), 10.6% were diagnosed with AD and 11.8% with MD. Lower performance status, concern about being a burden to others, and lower satisfaction with social support were significantly associated with AD/MD at baseline. There were changes in the diagnosis of AD and MD in 30.6% of the patients. Only the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at the baseline was significantly predictive of AD/MD at follow-up. Conclusion The factors underlying psychological distress are multifactorial. Early intervention to treat subclinical anxiety and depression may prevent subsequent psychological distress.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document