scholarly journals Traumatic Perforation of Tympanic Membrane: A Rural Profile of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Jahangir Alam Mazumder ◽  
Syed Mohiuddin Nasir ◽  
Shazibur Rashid ◽  
Arif Morshed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Spontaneous Healing ◽  
Early Appearance ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Type Of Injury

To determine the various etiological factors, clinical presentation and outcome of traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane (TM) in a rural area of Bangladesh. A retrospective study of 210 cases of traumatic perforation of TM in upazilla health complex, Nangalkot and Muradnagar, Comilla, Bangladesh within the period of March 2013 to February 2014. The study showed middle age people of 20-39 years age group were mostly affected (61.89%), where males are more than females at the ratio of 1.18:1. Domestic violence was a major factor (50%) and husbands are only culprit for 35.13% of housewives and slap was the major mode of injury (52.86%) affecting the left ear mostly (70.95%). Spontaneous healing rate was very satisfactory and it was 88% within 03 months in our study. Traumatic perforation of TM is a common type of injury in rural areas. Unnecessary surgical intervention or unskilled handling should be discouraged. Early appearance and watchful treatment reduces the morbidity.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 79-82

scholarly journals Clinical presentation and outcome of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care rural hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Indu Verma ◽  
Punya Priya ◽  
Charvi Chugh ◽  
Harsharan Kaur ◽  
Dinesh Sood
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Rural Hospital ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pain Site ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the commonest cause of the maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester of the pregnancy. The aim of this study was to see the clinical presentation, associated risk factors, mode of treatment and outcome.Methods: Retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care rural hospital. Women with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy admitted between August 2016 to September 2018 were studied. Medical record files were scrutinized to get the details. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel (version 2007). Numerical data were subjected to descriptive analysis, with mean±standard deviation (SD) and categorical data as frequency and percentage.Results: Forty cases of ectopic pregnancy were included who were unbooked, non-smokers, married and belonged to rural areas. Eighty percent were in the age group of 20 to 30 years.  Maximum were gravida 3 or 4 with commonest presentation was pain, site was tubal. Laparotomy was done in 95% of women salpingectomy was the commonest surgical procedure done in 32 (80%) women. Salpingoophrectomy was done in one woman and lifesaving hysterectomy in 2 (5%) women for cervical and ruptured interstitial ectopic pregnancy one each. Blood transfusion was required in 28 (70%) women. No mortality was seen.Conclusions: Women of reproductive age group with pain abdomen and menstrual complaints, even without amenorrhoea, ectopic pregnancy should be ruled out. Treating reproductive tract infections / PID and offering contraceptives will decrease the incidence of ectopic pregnancy. Medical and paramedical staff should do the timely referral to higher centres.

Spontaneous healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations in man: A century of experience

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1037-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Spontaneous Healing ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Perforated Tympanic Membrane

AbstractWidespread controversy exists concerning the treatment of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations. To elucidate the issue, a reference value for the rate of spontaneous tympanic membrane closure in man, to which the healing rates following different techniques of early surgical repair should be compared, was established on the basis of a review of more than 500 texts covering a century's literature on the traumatically perforated tympanic membrane. The spontaneous healing rate appeared to be close to 80 (78.7 per cent) in 760 evaluable cases of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations of all sorts diagnosed within 14 days post injury. A relative, causal-related variation of spontaneous healing could be demonstrated, and a pathogenetic classification of direct traumatic tympanic membrane perforations into ruptures induced by air-pressure changes, heat or corrosives, solids, and water pressures, is of proved clinical value and may have medico-legal validity. There is an obvious need for clinically controlled studies on the spontaneous healing of all kinds of traumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane in humans, and important elements in the design of future studies are advocated.

scholarly journals Extradural Haematoma in Children: Surgical Experiences and Prospective Analysis of 138 Cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sharif Md. Noman Khaled Chowdhury ◽  
Abdul Hanif ◽  
K M Tarikul Islam ◽  
Ehsan Mahmud ◽  
Sk. Sader Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Extradural Haematoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
Operative Measures

Objective: The authors present their experiences in the management of xtradural haematoma in children which involved an aggressive diagnostic approach, prompt surgical evacuation of the haematoma results in an excellent outcome.Subjects and methods: 138 consecutive patients with cranial extradural haematoma who underwent surgery in department of Neurosurgery from 1st January 2006 to 31st July 2009 were included in this prospective study. Each of the patients were evaluated in term of age, sex, mode of injury, localization of haematoma, clinical presentation, CT findings, operative measures and outcome.Results: Out of 138 cases 72.47 % were boys and 13.78 % were girls. The boys and girls ratio was 2.64: 1. Age ranges from 1.8 to 15 years with a mean age of 9.49 years. Most of the victims are in first half of second decade of life and closely followed by the 5-10 years age group. The most common mode of injury was fall 40.58 %, (n = 56) followed by Road traffic Accident (RTA) 31.89 %, (n = 44) .The Most common clinical presentation was altered sensorium 59.43 %, (n = 82), followed by Headache / Vomiting 56.53 %, (n = 78).Conclusion: Extradural haematoma in children is a recognized and one of the most rewarding neurosurgical emergencies. It must be recognized and evacuate early to prevent potential mortality and morbidity. Many factors affect the outcome of extradural haematoma surgery. In addition to influence of presence cranial fractures, associated brain lesions and pre-operative neurological condition of patient, duration of time interval between onset of coma and surgical intervention, morbidity and mortality have also been shown to be affected by age – with better prognosis in patients under 10 years of age.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v1i1.19450

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH SUBDURAL HEMATOMA

2021 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Miljković ◽  
Filip Milisavljević ◽  
Ivan Bogdanović ◽  
Srbislav Pajić
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Direct Trauma ◽  
Gcs Score ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Organic Syndrome ◽  
Gender Type

SDH was first described in 1658 and in 1914 trauma was recognized as one of the causes. Acute SDH is more common in younger population while chronic is common in the elderly with the peak of incidence of 7.35/100000 per year in the age group 70-79 years. Trauma is one of the main causes of SDH although in 30-50% of patients direct trauma to the head can be omitted. Other predisposing factors include: anticoagulant therapy, epilepsy, and hypertension. The aim of the study was to determine risk factors and prognostic factors for the occurrence of SDH, also to show what age group  is most at risk for developing chronic and acute SDH. Identify the diagnostic steps in proving SDH and the best method of treatment. The study includes 267 patients treated in the period from 1.1.2019 to 31.12.2019 at the Clinic for Neurosurgery CCS. SDH was diagnosed by neurological examination and brain CT in all patients and all were treated conservatively or surgically. The analytical statistics were used parametric and non-parametric tests of difference. The study included 185 men and 82 women of middle age 68 ± 17.19 years. Most patients were between 6-8 decades. Multiple changes in  CT were observed in 63.3% of patients. Chronic SDH had 50.5% of patients and 45.6% had acute SDH. The most common symptoms were headache, psycho-organic syndrome, and hemiparesis. Patients with a GCS score of more than 8 had a better prognosis and outcome. Surgical treatment was the main course of treatment in our study. CT with / without contrast is the gold standard in detecting SDH. Men are at higher risk for the occurrence of SDH. Symptoms can occur later in the clinical presentation so we need to take caution when performing neurological examination. Factors that can lead us to suspect possible SDH are: age, gender, type of injury, clinical presentation, and time of occurrence.

Socio-Economic Profile of Labour Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 306-311
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
The Family ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Average Condition ◽  
Economic Profile

The present paper is an attempt to analyze the socio-economic profile of the labour households in rural Punjab. The study revealed that majority of rural labour households belonged to the scheduled caste category. As far as the distribution of sampled rural labour households according to the family type was concerned, it was found that 46.42 percent of the total rural labour households had nuclear families, while the remaining 53.58 percent have joint families. Majority of the rural labourers were living in semi-pucca houses. Further, if we look at the housing condition, 54.72 percent of rural labourers owned the houses of average condition, 40.19 percent owned good condition households and 5.09percent owned dilapidated houses. The analysis further showed that as many as 20.35percentof the sampled labour population was illiterate. A few persons from sampled labour households educated above matric. Although large majority of the sampled labour population were from the working-age group yet the ratio of dependents was high among rural labour households. This was due to lower employment opportunities in rural areas.

1001 Intra-Articular Distal Radius Fracture Surgical Intervention Threshold Origins and Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Esworthy ◽  
N Johnson ◽  
J Dias ◽  
P Divall
Keyword(s):  
Distal Radius ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
British Society ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Current Guidance ◽  
Traumatic Arthritis

Abstract Background Treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures is guided by the displacement of the articular fragments. Symptomatic post-traumatic arthritis is expected to occur if step displacement is > 2mm; this value is often used as an indication for surgery if closed reduction is not possible. Method A systematic review was performed to establish the origin and adaptations of the threshold, with papers screened and relevant citations reviewed. Orthopaedic textbooks were reviewed to ensure no earlier mention of the threshold was present. Results Knirk and Jupiter, 1986, are the first to quantify a threshold, with all their patients developing arthritis with >2mm displacement. Some papers have discussed using 1mm, although 2mm is most widely reported. Current guidance from the British Society for Surgery of the Hand supports 2mm. Although this paper is still widely cited, the authors published a re-examination of the data showing methodological flaws which is not as widely reported. They claim their conclusions are still relevant today; however, the radiological arthritis does not correlate with the clinical presentation. Conclusions Knirk and Jupiter originated the threshold value of 2mm. The lack of correlation between the radiological and clinical presentations warrants further investigation. The principle of treatment remains restoration of normal anatomical position.

Evaluation of Allergic Reactions Following Intravenous Infusion of Polyvalent Antivenom in Snakebite Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghafar-Ali Mahmoudi ◽  
Maryam Ahadi ◽  
Ali Fouladvand ◽  
Bareza Rezaei ◽  
Zahra Bodagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Mean

Background: Antivenom is a gold-standard treatment for snakebite envenoming. However, adverse reactions to snake antivenom are common in many parts. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the allergic reactions following intravenous administration of antivenom sera. Methods: This was retrospective study, conducted snakebites patients referred to the Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad. The files of these patients were accessed for demographic data, snakebite-related data, treatment provided, clinical presentation and allergic reaction status as a result of antivenom treatment. Results: 141 cases were investigated including 73.8% male and 26.2% female patients. The mean age of the patients was 38.1±17.1years. Age group 30-39 years accounted for highest number of snakebite cases (24.1%). A majority of victims (89.4%) were from the rural areas. Most of the patients (51.8%) were bitten in the spring and highest number of snakebite were reported in May (39.1%). The most common site of snakebite was lower extremities (50.4%) and upper extremities (44.7%). Among clinical feature of snakebite, pain was the most prevalent in 135 cases (95.7%) followed by swelling (83.7%). The mean antivenom vials used were 6.5±3.7 vials. Allergic reactions occurred in 6 patients (4.26%); reactions were mild in 5 patients and sever in 1patient. The commonest presentation was maculopapular rash (1.4%) and the least common were headache (0.71%), nausea (0.71%), fever (0.71) and hypotension (0.71%). Conclusion: Snakebite is one of the significantlife-threatening environmental events.Immediate antivenom treatment can reduce mortality however, patients should be carefully monitored for adverse allergic reactions.

scholarly journals Clinical study of ectopic pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3498
Author(s):  
Meenakshi T. Chate ◽  
Bhagyashree Chate ◽  
Kranti Chate
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Endometrial Cavity ◽  
Rising Incidence

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is pregnancy that develops following implantation anywhere other than the endometrial cavity of uterus. Objective of present study was to investigate the risk factors, clinical presentation and sites of ectopic pregnancy along with management and assessment of risk of maternal mortality and morbidity.Methods: The study was undertaken at Dr. Shankar Rao Chavhan Government Medical College and Guru Govind singhji hospital, Nanded between December 2012 and May 2014 after obtaining clearance from the Hospital Ethical Committee.Results: Maximum incidence of tubal gestation occurred between the age group of 21-25 years. Greater incidence was noted in multiparous woman. Tubectomy was the most common risk factor seen in 23.65% cases. The most common symptom observed is abdominal pain seen in 92.47% cases. The most common site of ectopic was ampulla seen in 51.61% cases. The most common mode of presentation was rupture seen in 71 cases about 76.35% cases. Unilateral salpingectomy was done in 70 cases about 75.26% cases.Conclusions: Since ectopic pregnancy remains a gynecological catastrophe in countries and a major challenge to the reproductive performance of women worldwide, it should be considered a relevant public health issue. With its rising incidence, which is likely to continue increasing because of the various factors discussed, it is necessary to devise means of early detection and treatment.

scholarly journals A Cross Sectional Descriptive Study of Etiology and Clinical Pattern of Liver Abscess : 50 Cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Joyabrata Das ◽  
Subash Majumdar ◽  
Subrata Das ◽  
Saiem Nurul Anwar ◽  
Hossain Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abdominal Abscesses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Background: The liver is the organ most subjected to the development of abscesses and made up 48 % of all visceral abscesses' and 7% of all intra abdominal abscesses. Liver abscess should be suspected when there is a combination of fever, leucocytosis, constitutional symptoms, and pain in the right upper quadrant, and tenderness over the liver or right lower rib cage. The liver is affected by a number of local and disseminated infections; their frequency and types vary considerably around the world. Parasitic disorders are more prevalent in developing countries. Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The cases were taken from the admitted patients of Medicine unit of SMCH, Chittagong. The study was conducted over a period of one year with a sample size of 50 patients and sample was taken by purposive sampling. Results: Among 50 patients 40 (80%) were diagnosed as ALA and 10 (20%) were diagnosed as PLA. ALA cases are common in 21-30 years age group & PLA cases are more common in >50 years of age group. Majority of the cases were from rural area. Common clinical features were fever, abdominal pain, nausea and tender hepatomegaly. Diarrhea was present on admission in 7 (15.9%) patients of ALA. Anaemia was common in both but polymorphonuclear leucocytosis was moderate to severe in PLA. Microscopic examination of stool samples for E. Histolytica trophozoites was positive in 3 (7.5%) cases and cysts in 4(10%) cases. Nine patients had right sided pleural effusion. Conclusions: Clinical features are common in both ALA and PLA. Liver abscesses are more common in men and more prevalent in rural areas. ALA more commonly occurs in 21-30 years age group but can occur at any age. Pyogenic abscess is more common in older age group (>50 years) and E. Coli is the commonest organism. Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal Volume 12, Issue 3, September 2013: 44-48

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