Socio-Economic Profile of Labour Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 306-311
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
The Family ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Average Condition ◽  
Economic Profile

The present paper is an attempt to analyze the socio-economic profile of the labour households in rural Punjab. The study revealed that majority of rural labour households belonged to the scheduled caste category. As far as the distribution of sampled rural labour households according to the family type was concerned, it was found that 46.42 percent of the total rural labour households had nuclear families, while the remaining 53.58 percent have joint families. Majority of the rural labourers were living in semi-pucca houses. Further, if we look at the housing condition, 54.72 percent of rural labourers owned the houses of average condition, 40.19 percent owned good condition households and 5.09percent owned dilapidated houses. The analysis further showed that as many as 20.35percentof the sampled labour population was illiterate. A few persons from sampled labour households educated above matric. Although large majority of the sampled labour population were from the working-age group yet the ratio of dependents was high among rural labour households. This was due to lower employment opportunities in rural areas.

Socio-Economic Profile of Farm Households in Cotton Belt of Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-151
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Level ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
General Category ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Economic Profile ◽  
Land Holdings ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Cotton Belt

This paper examined the socio-economic profile of farm households in the cotton belt of Rural Punjab. The result revealed that as a whole, more than two-thirds fall in the working-age group of 15-59 years. The average size of the family worked out to be 5.74 and the average size of owned land holdings was 11.50 acres. The data highlights that 34.96 percent were earners, 31.39 percent were earning dependents and 33.65 percent of the persons were dependents. The major proportion (88.46 percent) of total sampled households followed Sikhism and as many as 87.50 percent were from the general category. About 23 percent of the sampled persons were illiterate and literacy levels were found to be positively linked with the size of landholdings. About 34 percent of the heads of sampled farmer households were illiterate and the majority of the heads of sampled farmer households had education below secondary level. None of the heads among marginal farmers had obtained education up to graduation level, whereas, this proportion was 7.41 for the large farmers. The study points out that overall only 11.54 percent of the sampled farm households read the newspaper. There is a need for effective measures which could enhance the educational and awareness levels of farmers and their family members for raising their levels of living.

scholarly journals Analysis of the prevalence of diseases in the rural areas of Warmia and Mazury

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Bałuch ◽  
Ignacy Gonkowski ◽  
Natalia Skiba ◽  
Barbara Domagała ◽  
Grażyna Kula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
System Disease ◽  
The Family ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Prescribing Medication ◽  
First Contact

Int roduc t ion: General practitioners (GPs), are the foreground of all medicine. When a disease starts, most patients have their first contact with medicine in the GP’s offices. For this reason, it is likely that the illnesses diagnosed by GPs are consistent with the real number of illnesses occurring in the area of their region. Aim: To preset in this research we focused on the frequency of cases of disease where there was a problem with receiving prompt medical advice. Ma t e r i a l and me thods : We obtained data of 14 279 visits of 2774 patients from January 1 to December 31, 2017, containing an ICD-10 diagnosis, the statistical number of the patient and the patient’s age at the time of visit from the 3 GPs facilities belonging to one practice in a rural area near to Olsztyn. Re sul t s and di s cus s ion: Analysis has shown that the most popular cardiovascular system disease is essentially hypertension. We found out that hypertension was affecting even the youngest people – males from 20 to 30 years old. Under the age group of 40–50 years old, mainly men suffered from hypertension. The family doctor institution should be the basis of the Polish Health System. It is the place where all the patients’ basic needs should be met. This institution should be the first filter of patients, which refers patients to more highly-specialistic medical providers. Conc lus ions : The top 15 diagnoses in our study contains prescribing medication, which is the same in Australia.The difference between the two countries is the percentage of this problem – 24.1% in Polish GPs vs. 1.6% in Australian GPs.

Socio-economic Characteristics of Farmers in Rural Punjab: An Inter-Category Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Size Category ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Large Farm

ABSTRACT The present study examined the socio-economic characteristics of farm households in the rural areas of Punjab. For this purpose, the data were collected from the 510 farm households from the villages which were further randomly selected from the high, medium and low productivity regions of Punjab. The results revealed that most of the farm households belonged to the General Castes and Sikh religion. About 70 percent of persons appeared in the economically active age group of 15 to 59 years. The sex ratio had been es against the females among all the farm-size categories. The proportion of farm households living in the joint type family was positively associated with the farm size. Most of the persons of the marginal and small farm-size categories were illiterate and with relatively low level of education as compared to the semi-medium, medium and large farm-size categories. The proportionate share of earners was the highest for the small farm-size category and the lowest for the semi-medium farm-size category. About 99 percent of sampled farmers owned either pucca or semi-pucca houses. The proportion of sampled farmers who owned good condition houses, bathrooms and toilets were directly related to the farm size. About 92 and 96 percent of farm households had separate kitchen and gas connections, respectively. LPG was a major fuel used in the kitchen and owned RO was the major source of drinking water for a majority of sampled farmers in the rural areas of Punjab.

scholarly journals Employment Situation and Economic Exploitation of Poor Earning Women in Rawalpindi

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4II) ◽  
pp. 791-801
Author(s):  
Faiz Balquees ◽  
Shaiinaz Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Working Women ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Economic Profile

This paper is based on survey data collected for the project "Socio-economic Profile of Poor Urban Women in Rawalpindi". The objective of this paper is to show that the poor and illiterate have limited work opportunities, they usually face a double-day burden and they are exploited economically. Realizing their own hardships these women have definite opinions with regard to the future employment opportunities of their daughters. The total sample consists of 385 households of which the women actually working at the time of the survey were only 176. Thirty two women reported having stopped work due to very low payments. Amongst the remaining 177 non-working women 55 were prohibited from undertaking paid employment by the family and/or husbands. The paper is structured as follows: Section" describes the work and payment patterns of these women. In Section 111 we look at the major reasons put forward for taking up the major activity. Section IV looks at the work load of women working for income compared to the non-earni'1g women. It is important to see whether the earning activity saddles the working women with a double-day burden or whether her domestic responsibilities are shared by the husband and the rest of Ihe family. We would also look at the work aspirations of these working women for their daughters. Finally, Section V summarises the paper and presents policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Poor families, removals and ‘nurture’ in late Old Poor Law London

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALYSA LEVENE
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
Poor Children

ABSTRACTThe consideration of the removals aspect of settlement law – that is, the moving on of paupers or potential paupers to the parish where they ‘belonged’ – has focused almost exclusively on working-age adults and labour migration. This article focuses on how removal law affected families with children in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in two large London parishes. It finds that children were a sizeable presence among the removed population but that there were notable differences in family type between the two parishes. Furthermore, while most young children were kept with their mothers even if they did not share a settlement, others were removed alone, even after a change in settlement law in 1795 that should have assured their common claim in certain cases. The study sheds light on attitudes to poor children and their families, as well as on the exigencies brought about by economic circumstances and employment opportunities in the parish.

Peregrinação Acadêmica: A mulher Romeira do Bom Jesus da Lapa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Célia Coelho Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The West ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Part

This work is the result of the doctoral thesis entitled Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa: Social Reproduction of the Family and Female Gender Identity, specifically the second chapter that talks about women in the Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa, emphasizing gender relations, analyzing the location of the pilgrimage as a social reproduction of the patriarchal family and female gender identity. The research scenario is the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, which has been held for 329 years, in that city, located in the West part of Bahia. The research participants are pilgrim women who are in the age group between 50 and 70 years old and have participated, for more than five consecutive years in the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, belonging to five Brazilian states (Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Goiás) that register a higher frequency of attendance at this religious event. We used bibliographic, qualitative, field and documentary research and data collection as our methodology; we applied participant observation and semi-structured interviews as a technique. We concluded that the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage is a location for family social reproduction and the female gender identity, observing a contrast in the resignification of the role and in the profile of the pilgrim women from Bom Jesus da Lapa, alternating between permanence and the transformation of gender identity coming from patriarchy.

Empowerment of Rural Women through SHGs: A Study in Telangana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Self Help Group

The self-help group (SHG) is a powerful instrument to empower economically backward women of rural India as the women members under the SHG not only can earn income but they feel empowered also. With the launching of Swarnajaynti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India from April 1999, subsequently rechristened as Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM) self-help group approach (SHG) has been given utmost importance in India for the development of rural women mainly focusing on below poverty line households. SHG concept is popular in many rural areas of India as through economic development and subsequently empowering, rural women have got a solid platform. This research article has discussed the how rural women after forming SHGs in Ranga Reddy district (R.R. District) of Telangana were not only earning and contributing to the family but felt empowered also. The study was carried out at Gandipet village of Gandipet Mandal, Ranga Reddy (R.R.) district in September 2017. The some women members of 10 different SHGs were contacted and few individual cases are presented here.

Poverty Relief Programs in Postcommunist Countries: A Case Study on the Albanian and Chinese Programs

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110278
Author(s):  
Gentian Qejvanaj
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Means Testing ◽  
Poverty Relief ◽  
Private Expenditure ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
The Cost

Social assistance is a cash transfer program targeting the poorest households. China has created the Dibao (DB), meaning minimum livelihood guarantee, the most extensive unconditional cash transfer program globally with over 70 million people covered, whereas in Albania, the Ndhime Ekonomike (NE) meaning financial help covers around 15% of the total working-age population. Both programs are means-tested, have strict requirements for eligibility, and have been enlarged and modified in time to improve targeting and tackling leakage. In this article, we will look at similarities and common issues first, and then calculate the cost of enlarging both programs to all working-age population with no means-testing. We argue that a UBI (universal basic income) can increase private expenditure in health and education while costing less than 1% of gross domestic product (GDP) in both countries’ rural areas. We will conclude by looking at how the COVID-19 outbreak is pushing developing countries toward a UBI by first adopting a temporary basic income (TBI).

Knowledge, attitudes and practice of family planning: profile of a Bedouin community in Saudi Arabia

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohair A. Sebai
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Or History

SummaryFamily planning is not being practised in Wadi Turaba in western Saudi Arabia, which is a Bedouin community with different stages of settlement. Children are wanted in the family, and the more children, especially boys, the better the social status of the family in the community. The desire of a mother for more children does not appear to be affected by her age group, history of previous marriages or history of previous pregnancies.Knowledge about contraceptives practically does not exist, except on a small scale in the settled community. Every woman, following the Koranic teachings, weans her child exactly at the age of 2 years, which obviously leads to the spacing of births. In rather rare situations, coitus interruptus is practised.

Sense of local identity, attitudes toward dialects and language teaching: The Hungarian minority in Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Kovacs Rac ◽  
Sabina Halupka-Rešetar
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Language Retention ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
The Family ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
Identity Attitudes

Abstract A large body of academic literature (e.g. Fishman 1977, 1999; Giles and Johnson 1981; Romaine 2000, among others) claims that language is one of the most significant markers of ethnic identification and that it plays a crucial role not only in the external perception of an ethnic group by outsiders but also in the selfidentification of an ethnic group. In a minority environment, sense of ethnic identity and language retention are connected very tightly, which is why it is of extreme importance to study attitudes towards the dialects of a language and value judgments about them. The paper presents the results of a research into attitudes toward dialects, conducted with approximately three hundred 5th and 8th grade pupils (age 12 and 15, respectively) attending school in Hungarian in two regions of Vojvodina, Serbia. It explores the subjects’ local features of identity, given that the research was conducted in eight different localities. The results of the research serve as a sound basis for developing use-centered, functional-situational mother tongue education of Hungarian minority pupils living in Serbia, since the current curriculum completely disregards the language varieties of many Hungarian minority pupils brought up and living in rural areas, who acquire and use the dialect spoken in the family.

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