scholarly journals High rate of diabetes in the Asia-Pacific Island: Possible role of rapid urbanization – A hospital based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Rhoda K Ila ◽  
Venkat N Vangaveti ◽  
Usman H Malabu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pacific Population ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Asia-Pacific countries are experiencing lifestyle-related non-communicable disease crises. Kimbe, one of Papua New Guinea’s provincial capitals is noted as the fastest growing city in the South Pacific subcontinent yet its impact on diabetes mellitus (DM) is not known. To determine pattern of newly diagnosed DM, we conducted a retrospective review of Kimbe General Hospital medical admissions from January 2009 to December 2012. 125 patients were diagnosed with diabetes with male: female ratio of 1.1: 1. Overall, number of patients diagnosed with DM at the hospital increased rapidly from 16 in 2009 to 49 in 2012; p <0.05. Majority of the patients were of young population aged <50 years representing 72 % of the cohort and predominantly of coastal province of origin. Almost 3/4th of the study population was based in Kimbe town and its suburb with only 32 subjects (25.6%) identified as rural residents; p<0.05. This study suggests that subjects living in Asia-Pacific area of rapid urbanization are at higher risk of diabetes compared to residents of rural areas. It highlights the need for adequate health planning and education as part of urbanization program in the DM-prone Asia-Pacific population. Further prospective studies are needed to verify our findings.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(2) 2016: 48-52

scholarly journals Dermatological Patients at the Outdoor of an Upazila Health Complex

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
M Rizaul Kabir ◽  
M Abdul Kuddus Khan ◽  
Ananda Kumar Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Venereal Diseases ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Dermatological Diseases ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Skin Conditions

In outdoor of Adamdighi Upazila Health & Family Welfare Complex of Bogra district, the attendance of patients suffering from skin and venereal diseases were observed. Out of total 1,54,843 patients, 23,820 patients were suffering from various forms of dermatological diseases. The percentage of patients suffering from skin and venereal diseases were 15.34 %. Female patients were 13,667 in number (57.38%) and male patients were 10,153 in number (42.62%). Male, female ratio is 1.35:1. Most of the patients were suffering from dermatological diseases attending outdoor of the said health complex belong to 14 years and above age group (67.53%). It was observed that though previously most of the rural people neglected their skin diseases, but now a day, a good number of patients of the rural areas are conscious about their skin conditions and attend outdoor of health and family welfare complex.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i2.3453   TAJ 2004; 17(2): 93-94

scholarly journals Retrospective study of pattern of treatment in free health camps from 2005 to 2017 in East Singhbhum, Jharkhand, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Ratan Kumar ◽  
Jakka Srinivas Rao ◽  
Chandan Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Specific Health

Background: Free health camp is a common objective of non-governmental organization (NGO). Government health department alone or jointly with NGO use to organize free medical camp for some specific health program. This retrospective study of occurrence and proportion of diseases and their pattern of treatment was done for period from 2005 to 2017 with an NGO has been working in East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand.Methods: The data of patients over the age of 05 years attended the free health camp from 2005 to 2017 and consent were provided by NGO concerned in this study. The year wise, block wise number of patient, male/female ratio and list of drugs used in different time were tabulated for analysis.Results: The result of this study has been noted in four different tables which elaborates the total number of patients year wise, block wise, percentage wise, male/female ratio during thirteen years. Another table showed occurrence of diseases/ailments in different period with changing percentage of use the drugs in their treatment.Conclusions: This retrospective study provides a conception about some changes in occurrence of diseases in free medical camp in the rural areas of Jharkhand in thirteen years. These health camps have tried to provide and follow the treatment according to need of the patients with safer, efficacious, economical drugs and with periodical inclusion of new generation drugs.

scholarly journals Stroke prevalence among the Turkish population in a rural area of Istanbul: A community-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211879756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ülkü Türk Börü ◽  
Ahmet Şükrü Kulualp ◽  
Ömer Faruk Tarhan ◽  
Cem Bölük ◽  
Arda Duman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Background: The population-based information on the prevalence of stroke from rural areas of Middle East countries including Turkey is unknown. Our aim is to evaluate the prevalence of stroke in those ⩾18 years in the Turkish population in a rural area of Istanbul. Methods: A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in a rural area of Istanbul between 1 March and 30 March 2013. A research protocol recommended by World Health Organization for developing countries was used. Each screening teams consisted of one neurologist, one local nurse, and five surveyors. Teams were trained about the survey and questionnaire. The patients, who claimed to have suffered a stroke, were examined, and the diagnosis was confirmed by a neurologist on site. The findings and medical records were documented. Results: In total, 2906 people ⩾18 years were screened. 50 stroke cases were detected. 80% of those were found to have had an ischemic stroke, 14% of those were hemorrhagic cases, and 6% of those had an unclassified stroke type. The overall prevalence rate in those ⩾ 18 years was 1.7%. The male/female ratio was 0.92. Young (<45) stroke prevalence was found to be 0.6%. Conclusion: This study was the first of its kind to show the stroke prevalence among Turkish population ⩾ 18 years in a rural area of Istanbul. When compared to other studies which investigate people ⩾45 years from Turkey, the result (in the same age group) was moderate high. The male/female ratio was low compared to many other studies.

The Prevalence of Autistic Disorder among Children with a Learning Disability

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoumitro Deb ◽  
K. B. G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disability ◽  
Autistic Disorder ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
North East ◽  
Male Female Ratio

BackgroundIt has been suggested recently that the prevalence of autistic disorder may be rising. No prevalence study specifically among learning disabled children exists and so this study was prompted.Method. 767 children with a learning disability who attended 16 different special schools in the Grampian region of north-east Scotland were studied for a diagnosis of autistic disorder according to the DSM–III–R criteria. The study was conducted in three stages. In the first screening stage, a questionnaire was completed for each child by their teachers. In the second stage, teachers completed another questionnaire based on DSM–III–R criteria for autistic disorder. A final diagnosis was made on the basis of examination and information gathered from the questionnaires.ResultsQuestionnaires were completed for 634 (82.7%) children. 14.3% of children with a learning disability fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder. There was a male: female ratio of 3:1. This gave a 9 per 10 000 minimum prevalence of autistic disorder among all school-age children in the Grampian region. There was a higher prevalence of autistic disorder in the cities compared with rural areas. The prevalence did not change with age but increased with decreasing IQ.

scholarly journals Outcome of Injection Sclerotherapy for First Degree and Second Degree Haemorrhoids– A Study of 50 Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Md Ershad Ul Quadir ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Md Tanvirul Islam ◽  
SM Shakhawat Hosssain
Keyword(s):  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Injection Sclerotherapy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Second Degree

Introduction: Haemorrhoid is the frequent problem in clinical practice of general surgery. Haemorrhoids are dilatation and tortuosity of rectal veins affecting almost 4.5% of the population. Various operative and non operative therapeutic options are in practice to treat haemorrhoids, yet none has been proven cent percent effective. Sclerotherapy is a simple, safe and cost effective procedure that is widely practiced globally to treat haemorrhoids. Many sclerosants are being used with variable efficacies. Objective: To evaluate the outcome of injection Sclerotherapy in first degree and second degree haemorrhoids. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of both gender having haemorrhoids who attended Outpatient Department (OPD) at BNS Patenga from September 2013 to August 2014 were included in this study. On the basis of history, patients were selected for Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and proctoscopic examination to confirm the diagnosis. Sclerotherapy was repeated at interval of 6 weeks till symptomatic relief was achieved. Maximum 3 sittings of sclerotherapy were given. Patients were followed up at 3 months interval for 1 year. Results: This prospective study was conducted on 50 cases of first degree and second degree Haemorrhoids. The highest number of patients 21(42%) were in the age group of 21-30 years with majority 38(76%) being male. Male female ratio was 3.16: 1. All the patients presented with painless per-rectal bleeding. Satisfactory results were observed in 29(58%) patients of whom 20(40%) patients were having first degree haemorrhoids and 9(18%) patients were having second degree haemorrhoids. Sclerotherapy was more effective in first degree compared to second degree haemorrhoids patients. Conclusion: Injecting Sclerotherapy is a suitable office procedure for treatment of haemorrhoids. The method is easy, convenient, cheap, well accepted and comfortable for patient. More or less there are no complications and the result is also satisfactory. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 98-101

PREVALENCE OF CARCINOMA GALLBLADDER IN PATIENTS OF CHOLELITHIASIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mishra Braja Mohan ◽  
Mishra Sandeep ◽  
Bedbak Biswajeet
Keyword(s):  
Open Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Carcinoma Gallbladder ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Surgery Department

Gall stone is the most common risk factor for carcinoma gall bladder. The aim of this study nds out the prevalence of malignancy in patients with Cholelithiasis. All the radiologically diagnosed cased of cholelithiasis underwent surgery were taken into consideration. All the cases of cholelithiasis operated of in General Surgery Department of VSSIMSAR, Burla were considered for study. The diagnosis conrmed by Ultrasonography /MRCP in Department of Radio diagnosis. Total numbers of patients operated are 347, out of which 279 undergone laparoscopic surgery, 58 cases undergone open surgery and 10 cases converted from laparoscopic to open surgery. Most number of patients belongs to age group 31-40, consisting of 32.85% of total number, followed by age group 41-50, and consisting of 25.07%. A female patient constitutes about 77.81 % of total number. Male: female ratio is 1: 3.5. The mean age of the patients of study group is 41 .71. Mean age of female patients is 41.09 and male is 43.88, p value 0.072 (no signicant deference between mean of female and male). The excised specimens sent for histopathological examination in Department of Pathology, VSSIMSAR, Burla. Out of 347 cases nine cases found to have carcinoma specically adenocarcinoma of gallbladder.

Epidemiologic Pictures of Kawasaki Disease in Japan: From the Nationwide Incidence Survey in 1991 and 1992

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yanagawa ◽  
Mayumi Yashiro ◽  
Yosikazu Nakamura ◽  
Tomisaku Kawasaki ◽  
Hirohisa Kato
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Yearly Incidence ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Questionnaire Form

Objective. Since 1970, twelve nationwide epidemiologic surveys of Kawasaki disease (KD) have been conducted throughout Japan every two years to describe KD in Japan. By the end of 1992, a total of 116 848 cases were reported. This paper summarizes the statistical analysis of the latest survey for the 2-year period from January 1991 through December 1992. Method. A questionnaire form and diagnostic guidelines for KD were sent to all pediatric departments of hospitals with 100 or more beds throughout Japan and information was obtained on patients with KD diagnosed during the 2-year period from January 1991 through December 1992. Results. The summary of the results is: 1) the number of patients reported was 11 221 (6604 males and 4617 females; male/female ratio = 1.43) with a yearly incidence rate of 90 per 100 000 children &lt;5 years old; 2) the monthly number of patients was higher in winter and summer, although the monthly difference was not marked; 3) age-specific incidence rates showed a unimodal peak at 1 year of age; 4) the proportion of patients with a family history of KD in a sibling was 1%; 5) the proportion of recurrent patients was 3%; 6) the proportion of patients with cardiac sequelae 1 month after disease onset was 13%; and 7) the number of patients who died was 9, which conforms to 0.08% of total patients. Conclusion. The incidence rates of KD in Japan are ten times higher than those reported in western countries and almost constant over 6 years. The descriptive epidemiology of the disease, which supports the infection theory, does not change for years.

scholarly journals Prevalence of IgG4-Related Disease in Japan Based on Nationwide Survey in 2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushige Uchida ◽  
Atsushi Masamune ◽  
Tooru Shimosegawa ◽  
Kazuichi Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Autoimmune Pancreatitis ◽  
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Igg4 Related Disease ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The number of patients with autoimmune pancreatitis who visited hospitals in Japan in 2007 was approximately 2709 (95% confidence interval; range 2540–3040). Because IgG4-related disease is a new clinical entity, there are no data with regard to its prevalence. To estimate the number of patients with IgG4-related disease in Japan, we randomly selected hospitals using stratification and asked them how many patients they had with IgG4-related disease in 2009. The number of patients with Mikulicz’s disease, IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis, IgG4-related renal disease, IgG4-related pulmonary disease, and IgG4-related lymphadenopathy who visited hospitals in Japan in 2009 was approximately 4304 (95% confidence interval; range 3360–5048), 272 (95% confidence interval; range 264–306), 57 (95% confidence interval; range 47–66), 354 (95% confidence interval; range 283–424), and 203 (95% confidence interval; range 187–240), respectively. The total number of patients with IgG4-related disease without autoimmune pancreatitis in Japan was approximately 5190 (95% confidence interval; range 4141–6084). The male : female ratio was 1 : 0.77, and the average of age of disease onset was 58.8 years. The total number of patients with IgG4-related disease in Japan in 2009, including autoimmune pancreatitis, was approximately 8000.

scholarly journals Etiology and Outcome of Burns in Tabriz, Iran an Analysis of 2963 Cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Maghsoudi ◽  
A. Pourzand ◽  
G. Azarmir
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Major Burn ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean

Background and aims: Burn injuries still produce a significant morbidity and mortality in Iran. A 3-year retrospective review of burn victims hospitalized at a major burn center was conducted to determine the etiology and outcome of patients in Tabriz. Material and Methods: Two thousand nine hundred sixty + three patients were iden tified and stratified by age, sex, burn size, presence or absence of inhalation injury, cause of burn. There is one burn center in the East Azarbygan province serving 3.3 million people over an area of 47,830 sq.km. Results: The overall incidence rates of hospitalization and death were 30.5 % and 5.6 % per 100000 person years. The mean patient age was 22 years, and the male: female ratio was 1.275. There were 555 deaths altogether (18.7 %). The highest incidence of burns was in the 1–9 age group (29.2 %). Patients with less than 40 percent of burned surface constituted 79.8 % of injuries. The most common cause of burns was kerosene accident in adults and scald injuries in children. The mean length of hospitalization was 13 days. The mean body surface area burned was larger with higher mortality in females than in males (p < 0.001). Inhalation injuries were strongly associated with large burns and were present in all flame-burn fatalities. Conclusion: In our opinion, social factors are the main drive leading to an unacceptably high rate of burn injuries in our societies. Most of the burn injuries were caused by domestic accidents and were, therefore, preventable; educational programs might reduce the incidence of burn injuries.

scholarly journals Surgical Outcome of Isolated Extradural Hematomas Operated in a Teaching Hospital in Western Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Balgopal Karmacharya ◽  
Nikunja Yogi ◽  
Benju Pun
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The aim of this determine the causes, frequency, location of isolated extradural hematomas in patients presenting with head injury and to find out the outcome of surgery in such patients. This is prospective observational study was conducted in the Neurosurgery Unit of Manipal Teaching Hospital from January 2012 to January 2017. All patients who presented with headinjury and had isolated extradural hematomas were included in the study. Total number of patients admitted with diagnosis of extradural hematomas during that time period was 169 among which 94 patients underwent surgical treatment. Descriptive statistics data including age, gender, causes of injury, severity of head injury and Glasgow outcome scale were studied. Results in proportion and percentages were calculated by using Microsoft Excel 2013. There were 169 patients who had isolated extradural hematomas. Among them, 75 patients were managed conservatively and 94 underwent craniotomy for evacuation of hematoma. This group of 94 patients who operative treatment was taken for this study. Male: female ratio was 1.6:1. Mean age was 23 years. Most of patients were in 20-40 age groups. Causes of extradural hematomas included motor vehicle accidents, falls and assaults. Mild and moderate head injury was present in 53 (56.38%) and 32 (34.0%) patients. Seventy nine patients (84.05%) of patients had good recovery while 3 (3.19%) patients expired.

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