scholarly journals Response of nitrogen fertilization on Bt and non-Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) hybrids

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Gangaiah ◽  
IPS Ahlawat ◽  
MBBP Babu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Cotton Hybrid

A field experiment was conducted during 2006 and 2007 (June- December) at New Delhi to assess the performance of three cotton hybrids of which two Bt (MRC 6304 & RCH 317) and one non-Bt cotton hybrid LHH 144 (North zone check) in response to nitrogen fertilization (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1). Based on pooled analysis, both Bt hybrids produced similar seed cotton yield (SCY). Bt hybrid have produced 7.1 bolls/plant (on an average) and bolls 0.48 g heavier than non Bt hybrid LHH 144 that lead to 1.07 t ha-1 higher SCY of Bt hybrids than non-Bt hybrid (1.93 t ha-1). Though the N uptake by cotton hybrids was statistically similar N harvest index (NHI) was higher in Bt hybrid (57.85) as compared to non-Bt hybrid (40.5). The agronomic N use efficiency (ANUE) was highest in MRC 6304 Bt (6.44) and least in LHH 144 non-Bt cotton (3.91). Cotton growth, yield attributes, SCY, and N uptake increased with each successive increase to the highest level of 180 kg ha-1 however, the N response of cotton was quadratic in nature with optimum dose of 173.0 kg ha-1. The NHI decreased with increase in N dose i.e. from the highest of 56.3 in control to the lowest of 48.8 with 180 kg ha-1 N fertilization. ANUE and physiological NUE that was highest with 60 (5.73) and 120 kg N fertilization (17.05), respectively and decreased with further increase in N dose. The cotton hybrid x N interaction effect revealed that Bt cottons have quadratic N response while non-Bt cotton has linear N response. From the economic point of view, Bt hybrids with 120 kg Nha-1 could be optimum dose for cotton cultivation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18389 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 121-132 (2013)

scholarly journals Effects of Field Inoculation with VAM and Bacteria Consortia on Root Growth and Nutrients Uptake in Common Wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Dal Cortivo ◽  
Giuseppe Barion ◽  
Manuel Ferrari ◽  
Giovanna Visioli ◽  
Lucia Dramis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Field Inoculation ◽  
N Dose

This study investigated the effects of a commercial biofertilizer containing the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and the diazotrophic N-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii on root and shoot growth, yield, and nutrient uptake in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in order to improve the sustainable cultivation of this widespread crop. The trials were carried out in controlled conditions (rhizoboxes) and in open fields over two years to investigate the interaction between inoculation and three doses of nitrogen fertilization (160, 120 and 80 kg ha−1) in a silty-loam soil of the Po Plain (NE Italy). In rhizoboxes, efficient root colonization by R. irregularis was observed at 50 days after sowing with seed inoculation, together with improved root tip density and branching (+~30% vs. controls), while the effects of post-emergence inoculation by soil and foliar spraying were not observable at plant sampling. In the open, field spraying at end tillering significantly increased the volumetric root length density (RLD, +22% vs. controls) and root area density (+18%) after about two months (flowering stage) in both years under medium and high N fertilization doses, but not at the lowest N dose. In absence of inoculation, RLD progressively decreased with increased N doses. Inoculation had a negligible effect on grain yield and N uptake, which followed a typical N dose-response model, while straw Zn, P, and K concentrations were seldom improved. It is concluded that medium-high N fertilization doses are required to achieve the target yield and standards of quality (protein contents) in wheat cultivation, while the use of this mixed VAM-PGPR biofertilizer appears to be a sustainable mean for minimizing the adverse effects of chemical N fertilizers on root expansion and for improving the uptake of low-mobility nutrients, which has potentially relevant environmental benefits.

scholarly journals Maize (Zea mays L.) response to subsoil compaction and nitrogen fertilization under semi-arid irrigated conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
Jagdish Singh ◽  
M. S. Hadda
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Subsoil Compaction

The present investigation was carried out to access the optimal N dose and its impact on growth, yield and yield attributes of hybrid maize (Zea mays. L) under subsoil compaction condition. The experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during the summer seasons of the year 2012 and 2013. The experiment comprised three subsoil compaction treatments in main plots and three nitrogen levels in sub plots following split-plot design with three replications. Plant height, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were negatively affected by subsoil compaction. However nitrogen fertilization mitigates the negative effect of subsoil compaction on growth of maize. Cob length was recorded lower with higher cob barrenness under higher degree of subsoil compaction. The grain yield was reduced by 13-16 per cent and biomass yield by 10-17 per cent due to subsoil compaction. The total N uptake was 14.6 and 18.2 per cent higher under C0 treatment than that in highly compacted subsoil (C2), while N2 treatment had improved the total N uptake by 18.6 and 14.9 per cent as compared to N0 treatment during the year 2012 and 2013, respectively. The results revealed that N1 fertilization level can be recommended under subsurface compacted soils as compared to N0 and N2 rates. This study further suggests the management option should be explored in addition to deep tillage to maximize yield of maize.

scholarly journals Shelf-Life of Bunched Carrots as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Leaf Presence

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Anita Ierna ◽  
Rosario Paolo Mauro ◽  
Cherubino Leonardi ◽  
Francesco Giuffrida
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Nitrates Content

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is essential for adequate earliness and the commercial attractiveness of carrots, but its excess could generate fast decay during postharvest, mostly in bunched carrots exhibiting their highly perishable leaves. A field experiment was conducted over the 2016–2017 growing season to address the effects of two N fertilization rates (120 and 240 kg N ha−1, hereafter N120 and N240, respectively) and leaf presence/absence (leaf+ and leaf−) on physicochemical and compositional traits of carrots cv. ‘Dordogne’, after storage at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C, 95–96% relative humidity (RH) for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 days (hereafter S0–S24). Before storage, carrots were arranged in bunches and packaged in common low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches (thickness 95 μm), 54 × 24 cm size, with 16 holes of 5 mm size. N240 carrots compared to N120 showed higher cumulative weight loss (CWL) and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 108 vs. 41 g kg−1 fresh weight (FW) and 13.3 vs. 14.5 N, respectively. N240 compared to N120 increased also the color deviation (ΔE*ab, +126%) and nitrates content (+93%) of carrots and slowed down their temporal increase of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Leaf+ carrots compared to leaf boosted CWL and firmness reduction, with differences at S24 equal to 90 vs. 58 g kg−1 FW and 12 vs. 17 N, respectively. In addition, leaf presence increased reducing sugars (+17%) and decreased nitrates (−24%) contents. This research has shown the possibility of improving the desirable quality and shelf-life of carrots by halving the N dose commonly supplied by growers and marketing bunched carrots within 12 days from the start of storage.

scholarly journals Response of irrigated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to nitrogen fertilization: growth, yield and yield components

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Özer ◽  
T. Polat ◽  
E. Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

N fertilization has a substantial influence on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed yield and quality. It was also well established that high-yielding sunflower hybrids had more N requirement than old cultivars such as open-pollinated ones. However, in Turkey, no sufficient information regarding the response of new developed oilseed sunflower hybrids to nitrogen fertilization under irrigated conditions. Therefore, a 2-year study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen application rates on the growth, yield, and yield components of two oilseed sunflower hybrids (AS-508 and Super 25) under irrigated conditions. In this study, all plant parameters were significantly influenced by applied nitrogen fertilizer rates. Yield response to nitrogen rates was positive and linear. Our research data indicated that under irrigated conditions N rate of 120 kg/ha was adequate for sunflower production in this region.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization of Plants Irrigated with Desalinated Water: A Study of Interactions of Nitrogen with Chloride

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2354
Author(s):  
Asher Bar-Tal ◽  
Escain Kiwonde ◽  
Beeri Kanner ◽  
Ido Nitsan ◽  
Raneen Shawahna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
High Yield ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Yields

The overall aim of this research was to optimize nitrogen (N) fertilization of plants under desalinated water and a wide range of chloride concentrations for high yield while minimizing downward leaching of nitrate and chloride. The response of two crops, lettuce and potato, to N concentration (CN) in the irrigating solution using desalinated and wide range of Cl concentrations (CCL) was evaluated. The yields of both crops increased with N up to optimal CN of the irrigating solution and decreased as CCL increased. Optimal CN in both crops was higher in the desalinated water than high CCL treatments. N uptake by plants increased with CN in the irrigating solution and the highest uptake was at low CCL. As expected, N fertilization suppressed Cl accumulation in plant tissues. Drainage of N and Cl increased with increase in CCL in the irrigating solution and N fertilization above optimal CN resulted in steep rise in downward N leaching. The overall conclusion is that as water quality is improved through desalination, higher N supply is required for high yields with less groundwater pollution by downward leaching of N and Cl.

scholarly journals Assessing Wheat Response to N Fertilization in a Wheat–Maize–Soybean Long-Term Rotation through NUE Measurements

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
Anamaria Mălinaș ◽  
Ioan Rotar ◽  
Rozalia Kadar ◽  
Valeria Deac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen fertilization is indispensable in increasing wheat crop productivity but, in order to achieve maximum profitable production and minimum negative environmental impact, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) should be considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in a long-term wheat–maize–soybean rotation system with the final purpose of increasing the overall performance of the wheat cropping system. Research was undertaken at the Agricultural Research Development Station Turda (ARDS Turda), located in Western Transylvania Plain, Romania. The experimental field was carried out at a fixed place during seven wheat vegetation seasons. The plant material consisted of a wheat variety created by the ARDS Turda (Andrada), one variety of maize (Turda 332) and one variety of soybean (Felix). The experiment covered two planting patterns: wheat after maize and wheat after soybean and five levels of nitrogen fertilization (control-unfertilized, fertilization with 0—control plot, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1 y−1). The following indices were assessed: NUE (nitrogen use efficiency), N uptake and PFP (partial factor productivity). The results of the present study suggest that reduced N-fertilization doses could improve N uptake and utilization for both planting patterns.

Summer legume intercrop effects on yield and nitrogen economy of wheat in the succeeding season

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Western India ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Economy ◽  
North Western

SUMMARYThe results of experiments conducted for 2 years in north-western India under irrigated conditions are described here. Wheat following legume intercrops gave increases in growth, yield attributes, yield and N uptake. Various legume intercrops such as groundnut, cow peas (both for fodder and grain) and greengram reduced the need of fertilizer nitrogen for wheat in the succeeding season by 30–84 kg/ha compared with sorghum.

scholarly journals Enhancing Rice Productivity through integration of Stress Tolerant Rice Varieties and Improved Nutrient Management Practices in Saline Areas of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
MKA Bhuiyan ◽  
AJ Mridha ◽  
S Singh ◽  
AK Srivastava ◽  
US Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
N Dose

The study was conducted in two locations of coastal districts Patuakhali and Satkhira during 2012 and 2013 T. Aman season. Stress tolerant rice varieties along with nitrogen application using prilled urea (PU), leaf color chart (LCC), urea super granule (USG), and rice crop manager (RCM) software based nitrogen (N) dose were examined. The objectives of the study were to identify the response of saline tolerant varieties to N fertilization on grain yield and profitability. Among the tested varieties, grain yield of BRRI dhan40, BRRI dhan41 and BRRI dhan54 were higher compared to BRRI dhan52 and BRRI dhan53 irrespective of location. There were no significant difference among the better performed varieties. Interaction effect of yield was significant in 2013 at Patuakhali but insignificant in both the locations in 2012. During 2013 in Patuakhali, the interaction effect of BRRI dhan40 × USG and BRRI dhan41 × USG produced higher grain yield and total N uptake. In Satkhira BRRI dhan54 and BRRI dhan40 performed better and produced higher grain yield and N uptake. Among the N application treatments USG application was the best compared to either LCC or RCM. The combination of BRRI dhan54×USG and BRRI dhan41×USG had more economic gains in both 2012 and 2013 in Patuakhali. The combination of BRRI dhan52×USG and BRRI dhan41×LCC appeared as themost profitable in Satkhira during 2013. Integration of saline tolerant varieties along with USG application could improve the yield of saline tolerant rice in saline environmentBangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(1): 77-89

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization of maize with enhanced-efficiency fertilizer

2019 ◽  
pp. 1383-1387
Author(s):  
Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior ◽  
Antônio Costa ◽  
Roberto dos Anjos Reis Júnior ◽  
Jéssica C. Urbanski Laureth
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Coated Urea

Urea fertilizers coated with polymers are used to optimize nitrogen (N) uptake by crops. However, there are many types of polymers that can be used for coating, leading to differences in observed results. Consequently, validation of this technology to guarantee its viability in agriculture is necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of ammonium- and nitrate-N levels in the soil, maize yield and nutritional status, N fertilization efficiency with Policote® urea coating, and different N doses under various soil and climatic conditions. Three field experiments were carried out to compare the performance of common urea with Policote® coated urea. A (2 x 4) + 1 factorial design with two N sources (common urea and Policote® coated urea), four N doses, and a control treatment (without N) was used. The results showed that Nitrate-N levels in the soil were not affected by the treatments. However, the ammonium-N levels was increased with N fertilization. Higher levels of soil ammonium-N contents were observed in treatments with Policote® coated urea. Foliar nitrogen levels were increased linearly with N doses only in one of the experiments. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased maize yield. Higher yield and N fertilization efficiency were observed in treatments with Policote® coated urea than with common urea.

scholarly journals Studies on site specific nutrient management (SSNM) on growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) under irrigation in southern KarnatakPerformance of direct seeded sali rice as influenced by sowing dates, sowing methods and nutrient management practices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milon Jyoti Konwar ◽  
M. K. Sarmah ◽  
K. N. Das ◽  
Lolesh Pegu ◽  
Syed Wasifur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Almost All

A field experiment was carried out at Instructional-cum-farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhatduring kharif 2015. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design replicated thrice with four sowing dates in main plots viz., 1May, 11 May, 21and 31May along with combination of two methods of sowing viz., direct seeding and transplanting as well as with two nutrient management practices RDF and INM package in sub-plots. Results revealed that May 11date recorded significantly higher in almost all the growth and yield attributing parameters followed by May 1. The highest grain (40.24 q/ha) and straw (68.07 q/ha) yields were obtained in May 11 sown crop and was significantly superior to that of May 21and May 31. Between the two methods of sowing, transplantingresulted significantly superior in regards to almost all the growth, yield attributes and yield of sali rice. The increase in grain yield under transplanting over direct seeding was4.90 per cent. The corresponding increase in straw yield was 4.31 per cent In respect of nutrient management; INM resulted in higher grain and straw yieldsover RDF. From the economic point of view May 11 sown crop recorded the highest net return (. 57625.00/ha) with B:C ratio of 1.57 whereas in case of methods of sowing and nutrient management practices, direct seeding and INM practice recorded the highest net return and B:C ratio.

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