scholarly journals Farmers’ adaptation strategies to drought and their determinants in barind tract, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MZ Hossain ◽  
MB Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Barind Tract ◽  
Chi Square Test

Farmers’ choice of drought adaptation measures depends on several determinants that include their socioeconomic, demographic, and agricultural characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the presence of dependency or association between the adaptation strategies implemented by farmers’ own initiative and their determinants in the Barind Tract of Bangladesh. The study was mainly based on primary data collected through a household level survey using a structured questionnaire covering 400 farming households from an extended area comprising 10 Unions from 03 Districts, viz. Rajshahi, Chapai Nawabganj, and Naogaon in northwest Bangladesh. The chi-square test and Cramer’s V test has been applied to measure the association between variables and the strength of the association respectively. The study found that the nature of adaptation strategies implemented by farmers is mainly related to crop production and income generation. Their capability noticeably lacks to facilitate artificial irrigation that made them dependent on government’s initiatives. The association between the implemented adaptation measures and selected variables suggests that the farm size, irrigation accessibility, monthly household income, land ownership status, literacy level, and poverty status played significant role in the implementation of adaptation measures. Finally, limitations of currently practiced adaptation strategies and future way forwardhave been discussed for better drought risk management. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 161-174 (2019)

FACTORS INFLUENCING RICE FARMERS’ ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND EXTREME WEATHER EVENT IMPACTS IN BANGLADESH

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950012 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHADIYA AKTAR MAYA ◽  
MD. ABDUR RASHID SARKER ◽  
JEFF GOW
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Rice Farmers

Introduction: Climate change has emerged as a major threat to Bangladesh. Higher and fluctuating temperatures and changes in rainfall caused by climate change and extreme weather events have reduced crop production. A better understanding of the local dimensions of vulnerability is therefore essential to develop appropriate adaptation measures that can alleviate these adverse impacts. Purpose and methods: The main purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of Aman rice farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies to climate change and weather in Khulna district, Bangladesh. About 100 farm households susceptible to salinity intrusion, extreme temperatures and drought were surveyed, and these data were supplemented by major climate data of the district for 65 years (1948–2013). A binary logistic regression was then utilized to estimate the factors that influence households’ choice of adaptation strategies. Results and Conclusions: About 97% of farmers perceived that the climate had changed over the past 30 years while only 3% did not. Further, 97% believed that rainfall had decreased and reduced rice production, yet the data show this not to be the case with a significant increase in rainfall observed in the area in the study period. About 89% of farmers have undertaken some form(s) of adaptation and they were further asked about their main adaptation type. Family size, annual income, farmer-to-farmer extension and access to subsidies have a positive and significant impact on rice farmers’ adaptation strategies to climate and weather change effects. Farm size and credit access had a negative and significant impact on adaptation. Four variables: age, education, household assets and occupation were not statistically significant in explaining adaption strategies. The chief adaptation strategies of farmers are cultivation of salinity-tolerant rice, rice variety switching, replanting of rice, changing planting dates, conversion of rice paddy to fish production and use of different crop varieties in alternate years.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Ginger Production in Surkhet District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Sudip Mahat ◽  
Sundar Sapkota ◽  
Sanjib Sapkota ◽  
Krishna Katuwal
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Labor Crisis

Ginger is a high value crop belongs to family Zingiberaceae. Ginger has multiple health benefits and can be easily grown in mid-hill regions of Nepal. The major challenge is the limited availability of information on factors affecting ginger yield. The objective of this project was to analyze different factors influencing ginger production. The study was conducted in Surkhet district of Nepal in 2018. A total of 100 farmers (60 and 40 from Barahtal and Chingad rural municipalities respectively) were selected using simple random sampling technique. Primary data were collected using interview schedule, focus group discussion and key informant interview. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. The descriptive statistics, chi-square test and correlation were used to derive conclusion. The average age and land under ginger cultivation were 41 years and 0.093 hectare respectively. Average ginger production in the study area was 980 kg per ropani. There was a strong positive relationship between farm size and ginger production. Training, subsidy and labor crisis had positive association with ginger production. However, family size and years of schooling were not significant but positively correlated. It is recommended that concerned authorities should give emphasis on farmer training, extension services, and subsidy to enhance ginger production. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 269-273  

scholarly journals Household Economies of Chepang People in Chitwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Ganesh Sharma ◽  
Badri Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Annual Income ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Bank Account ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Economies ◽  
Wild Fruits ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Stone Walls

<p>This study attempts to characterize a typical Chepang community in Chitwan  district with reference to their economy at household level based on the study conducted in Lothar Village Development Committee. Chepang are considered to be one of the highly marginalized communities in Nepal having traditional subsistence based small economies. Their houses are small with mud floor, stone walls and straw roofs. One third of the Chepang households do not have toilets. They rear small number of mixed livestocks in a house eg. Cattle, buffaloes, poultry, goat and pig. They do not have household amenities like freeze, telephone, television, computer, motorcar and motorbike; but have mobile phones. More than ninty percent of Chepang go to jungle to collect one or the other types of edibles like githavyakur, wild fruits, and chiuri.Ninty five percent of Chepang people do not have bank account, thus rely on their friends and relatives for borrowing in household needs for money. Chi-square test reveals highly significant association between size of landholding and food sufficiency months, level of education and annual income, purpose of taking loan and sources of loan; as well as estimated  annual income and account holding in bank.</p><p><em> </em><strong><em>Economic Literature</em></strong><em>, </em>Vol. XIII August 2016, page 39-45</p>

scholarly journals The higher reading interest of pregnant mother improves the utilization of MCH book

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Apriliana Apriliana ◽  
Intan Mutiara Putri ◽  
Suyani Suyani ◽  
Istri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Reading Interest ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

The utilization of MCH book could be defined to be an activity when a mother and her close relatives actively participate in reading, learning, comprehending the contents of MCH book, and implementing it in daily routine. This research aims to discover the correlation between the reading interest of pregnant mothers and the use of MCH book. This study has been approved by the research ethics committee of Yogyakarta ‘Aisyiyah University. This cross-sectional research was performed at the Community Health Centre of Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta. Seventy-four pregnant mothers who owned MCH book were derived from incidental sampling technic. The retrieval of primary data used questioner method. The result of chi-square test states that pregnant mothers with higher reading interest will be utilizing the MCH book four times more effective compared to those with lower interest in reading (p-value: 0,005 and 95% CI: 1,488-10,902).

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan dari Keluarga Petani di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gunung Labu Kabupaten Kerinci

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Asparian Asparian ◽  
Enda Setiana ◽  
Evy Wisudariani
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
Food Needs

Background : Stunting is a state of height index according to age under -2 SD according to WHO standards.  Nutrition problems in farmers can occur due to poverty which is the root of nutrition problems.  The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months from farming families in the Gunung Labu Primary Health Care in Kerinci Regency. Method :The design of this study was cross sectional.  The total population in this study was 1,422 toddlers, while the sample in this study was 98 toddlers from farming families.  Analysis used  the Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistic Regression.  Result :This study found the prevalence of stunting in infants 32.34%. Factors related to the incidence of stunting in infants were household level food security and mother's education level.  The most dominant factor related to the incidence of stunting in infants was household-level food security (OR = 4,722; 95% CI = 1,599-13,941).  Households ware encouraged to use home yards as a place to meet food needs and provide a variety of foods and balanced nutrition for infants so that nutritional needs can be met.

scholarly journals A Sociological Analysis of Combined Jail Life of Juvenile and Adult Prisoners in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ihsan Khan ◽  
Ashfaq Rehman ◽  
Niaz Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Offending Behaviour ◽  
Joint Dwelling

This study examines the outcomes of frequent relations between juvenile and adult prisoners at the populous prisons of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in districts Mansehra, Dera Ismail Khan, Peshawar, Swabi and Mardan. According to SPARC (2015), there were total of 199 juvenile prisoners out of them 132 were taken as a sample size through Sekaran (2010) sample size table. The primary data was collected through interview schedule, with major aim to see association of joint dwelling of adult prisoners and juvenile inmates in the selected prisons. For measuring the association between adult and juvenile inmates, a Chi-square test was applied by using Microsoft Excel. It was found that there exist a strong association of adult with juvenile inmates; which resulted in reinforcing the delinquent behaviour of juvenile by supporting them financially, providing them with various kinds of drugs and persuading them to join their networks after they were released. Such situation was directly contradictory to the well-being of juvenile inmates at jails, where they were supposed to rehabilitate their offending behaviour. The study recommends establishment of separate jails for juvenile inmates, being inclusive part of the JJSO-2000.

scholarly journals Investigating the Availability and Usage of Seatbelts in Malawi for Policy Review and Formulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Gibson Mpokonyoka Ngwira ◽  
Benjamin Bolaane ◽  
Bhagabat P. Parida
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Road Fatality ◽  
Major Factors

Road fatalities remain a major public health concern as over 1.3 million people across the world die in road accidents annually, and another 20-50 million sustain injuries. Malawi, with vehicle ownership about 437,416, has not been an exception to this, with reported fatality rates of 35 crash deaths per 100,000 population, possibly due to limited understanding of factors that contribute to such high road fatality rates. This may have resulted in implementing inappropriate and ineffective mitigation measures. Thus, the overall objective of this study was to investigate the availability, including their functionality and usage of seatbelts in motor vehicles, which could possibly be one of the major factors for increase in road fatalities. To establish the rates of availability, ncluding their functionality and usage of seatbelts in motor vehicles, primary data through survey for a sample of 1,200 vehicles were investigated. The independent ariables of data were cross tabulated with the dependent variables to establish these rates. Chi-square test was also performed to establish the significance of associations between the cross tabulated variables. The analysis found that Malawi’s drivers and assengers poorly comply with seatbelt laws. The overall seatbelt usage rate was 35.8%. In this regard, where over 90% of motor vehicles in Malawi have functional seatbelts, poor enforcement of existing seatbelt laws and awareness on the dangers of not using eatbelts could account for the low usage.

Innovative Marketing Strategies for Small and Medium Enterprises of Western Madhya Pradesh (India): An Analytical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-162
Author(s):  
Pragya Keshari
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The micro, small and medium enterprises are an essential part of the Indian industrial sector. It plays a decisive role in growth and development of Indian economy. The review of literature on various aspects of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) showed that the SMEs, both in the country and other parts of the world, still rely on conventional marketing practices and, more or less, face the same types of challenges. Therefore, the present study is undertaken to examine the marketing strategies of SMEs in western Madhya Pradesh, India, and to suggest some innovative marketing practices for them to prosper. The sample consists of 439 SMEs drawn on a random basis from Indore and Dhar districts of Madhya Pradesh. The primary data are collected through a self-designed instrument with 40 items/statements, developed thorough a review of literature on the topic and personal interviews of managers of SMEs. The data are analysed using statistical tools like factor analysis and chi-square test applied with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20 Software. The study findings reveal that SME managers still rely on age-old practices of marketing. The article recommends some innovative marketing practices for SMEs.

scholarly journals Variables contributing to farmers; attitude towards IPM practices in rice cultivation in Godagari, Rajshahi

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mostafizur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Field Schools

To identify the factors contributing to the farmers’ attitude towards Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices in rice cultivation, 158 family heads of the Farmers Field Schools (FFSs) at Godagari Upzila under Rajshahi District were chosen at random to constitute the subjects of the study. Data were collected from 5 September, 2006 to 28 January, 2007. Twenty four selected characteristics of the farmers were considered as the independent variables while the attitude towards IPM practices in rice cultivation was the only dependent variable. Chi-square tests revealed that all variables except age, family size, farm size, supervision of crop production, annual income and peer relationship differed significantly with the attitude of the farmers. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that aspiration alone contributed more than three-fifths (65.10%) of the total variation, whereas knowledge about pests, predators and risk orientation had also considerable contribution to the attitude towards IPM practices. Results of the path co-efficient analysis showed that aspiration, knowledge about pests and predators, risk orientation, mass extension contact and communication exposure had strong direct and indirect effects on the attitude of the farmers towards IPM practices in rice cultivation in the study area. Key words: Contributing variables; farmers'; attitude; IPM; rice cultivation; Barind. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7342 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 11-15, 2010

Pesticide Use Practices by Market Gardeners in the Santa Area of the North West Region of Cameroon

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. N. Abdulai ◽  
C. N. Konje ◽  
Tange Denis Achiri ◽  
D. N. Tarla ◽  
D. Nsobinenyui
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
North West ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aims: This work aimed at establishing the different Garden crop pests and how farmers use different pesticides to manage these pests. Place and duration of the Work: This work was carried out in Santa from January to March 2013 Methodology: The methodology involved the use of structured questionnaires which were administered to 120 farmers to obtain information on demographics, constraints to successful crop production, general farm system and agronomic practices, knowledge of insect pest problems, types of pesticides used, dosage and rate of application, and different pests crops suffered from. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results: The study indicates that majority of market gardeners in Santa community are males (70%) with ages from 30-39 and most of them are married (76%). Famers worked with relied on pesticides for pest control and did not dispose of empty pesticide containers properly such as throwing on the farm; use as drinking bowls and returned it to the pesticide vendors. Conclusion: This study provides valuable information on the pesticides used in pests and diseases control in vegetable production and health symptoms like stomach disorders, burns, and catarrh experienced by gardeners. A majority (94%) of farmers suffered from serious insect pest attacks on their farms and the most important pest was the cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) which affected (65%). A majority (96%) of farmers also reported diseases attacks with late blight (Phytophthora infestans) affecting more than four-fifth (81%) of the farms especially in the rainy season.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document