Body scrub virgin coconut oil (vco), coffee grounds (coffea arabika linn.) and carbon active coconut shell (activated carbon coconut nucifera l) as a moisturizer and skin lightening

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e55910111971
Author(s):  
Desi Eka Putri ◽  
Ratna Djamil ◽  
. Faizatun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coconut Shell Activated Carbon ◽  
Skin Lightening ◽  
Black Color

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) contains a lot of medium chain fatty acids, combined with coffee grounds (Coffea Arabica Linn.) And activated carbon (Activated carbon coconut nucifera L) into a preparation that can moisturize and brighten the skin. The purpose of this study was to make cosmetic cleansing preparations containing three natural ingredients. Evaluation of organoleptic body scrub preparations, homogeneity, dispersibility and pH, in-vivo and clinical irritation testing, testing the effectiveness of the preparation (moisture and brightness). Organoleptic testing and homogeneity were confirmed to have dark black color, distinctive smell of coffee, homogeneity, spreadability in the range of 4 cm, and the pH was at a safe pH for the skin so that irritation results also did not show edema and erythema both in-vivo divided into 3 groups (n = 3) and clinically (n = 30). In addition, this body scrub provides moisture and brightness to the skin for 2 months of use, p <0.05. VCO body scrub preparations, coffee grounds and activated carbon are preparations that have the potential to be cosmetic cleansers.

scholarly journals BODY SCRUB VIRGIN COCONUT OIL, COFFEE GROUNDS AND CARBON ACTIVE COCONUT SHELL AS A MOISTURIZER AND SKIN BRIGHTENING

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Putri Desi Eka ◽  
Djamil Ratna ◽  
Faizatun Faizatun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Medium Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Black Color

Relevance. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) contains a lot of medium chain fatty acids, combined with coffee grounds (Coffea Arabica Linn.) and activated carbon (Activated carbon coconut Nucifera L) into a preparation that can moisturize and brighten the skin. Objective. The purpose of this study was to make cosmetic cleansing preparations containing three natural ingredients. Methods. This study evaluates the organoleptic body scrub preparations, homogeneity, dispensability, and pH. The ingredients were tested using in-vivo and clinical irritation along with the effectiveness of the preparation (moisture and brightness). Results. Organoleptic testing and homogeneity were confirmed to have dark black color, the distinctive smell of coffee, homogeneity, spreadability in the range of 4 cm, and the pH was at a safe pH for the skin so that irritation results also did not show edema and erythema both in-vivo divided into 3 groups (n = 3) and clinically (n = 30). In addition, this body scrub provides moisture and brightness to the skin for 2 months of use, p <0.05. Conclusions. VCO body scrub preparations, coffee grounds, and activated carbon are preparations that have the potential to be cosmetic cleansers.

scholarly journals Body scrub containing Virgin Coconut Oil, coffee grounds (Coffea arabica Linn) and carbon active coconut shell (Activated carbon Cocos nucifera L) as a moisturiser and a skin brightener

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Eka Desi ◽  
Ratna Djamil ◽  
Faizatun Faizatun
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Introduction: Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) contains a lot of medium chain fatty acids. VCO combined with coffee grounds (Coffea arabica Linn) and activated carbon (Activated carbon Cocos nucifera L) has the potential to form a preparation that can moisturise and brighten the skin. The purpose of this study was to make cosmetic cleansing preparations containing three natural ingredients. Methods: This study evaluated the organoleptic body scrub preparations, homogeneity, dispensability and pH for three different formulations. In vivo test for irritation (oedema and erythema) was carried out on albino rabbits (n = 3) for each treatment group. Clinical irritation testing was performed on the forearm of healthy volunteers, 17 - 45 years of age with no history of allergies (n = 30). Determination of skin moisture content and melanin index was carried out as a measure of effectiveness. Results: Organoleptic and homogeneity tests showed that preparations had dark black colour, the distinctive smell of coffee, it was homogeneous, spread ability was in the range of 4 cm with the pH at a safe pH for the skin. Irritation results also did not show any oedema and erythema in in vivo testing. In clinical testing no irritation occurred by testing the body scrub samples. Body scrubs routinely used by volunteers for 2 months increased moisture on the skin as well as brightness (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Body scrub creams containing VCO, coffee grounds and activated carbon are preparations that have the potential to be cosmetic cleansers.

In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Virgin Coconut Oil and its Fractions in Liver and Oral Cancer Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 2223-2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Verma ◽  
Sanjukta Naik ◽  
Pranati Nanda ◽  
Silvi Banerjee ◽  
Satyanarayan Naik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Oral Cancer Cells

Background: Coconut oil is an edible oil obtained from fresh, mature coconut kernels. Few studies have reported the anticancer role of coconut oil. The fatty acid component of coconut oil directly targets the liver by portal circulation and as chylomicron via lymph. However, the anti-cancer activity of coconut oil against liver cancer cells and oral cancer cells is yet to be tested. The active component of coconut oil, that is responsible for the anticancer activity is not well understood. In this study, three different coconut oils, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Processed Coconut Oil (PCO) and Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO), were used. Objective: Based on previous studies, it can be hypothesized that fatty acids in coconut oil may have anticancer potential and may trigger cell death in cancer cell lines. Methods: Each cell line was treated with different concentrations of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), Processed Coconut Oil (PCO) and Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO). The treated cells were assayed by MTT after 72 hr of incubation. The fatty acid composition of different coconut oils was analyzed by gas chromatography. Result: Different concentrations of coconut oils were used to treat the cells. Interestingly, the anticancer efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO was not uniform, rather the efficacy varied from cell line to cell line. Only 20% VCO showed significant anticancer activity in HepG2 cells in comparison to 80% PCO against the KB cell line. Remarkably, 20% of PCO and 5% of FCO showed potential growth inhibition in the KB cell line as compared to 80% PCO in HepG2 cells. Moreover, there was a difference in the efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO, which might be due to their fatty acid composition. Comparing the anticancer efficacy of VCO, PCO and FCO in this study helped to predict which class of fatty acids and which fatty acid might be associated with the anticancer activity of VCO. Conclusion: This study shows that VCO, PCO and FCO have anticancer efficacy and may be used for the treatment of cancer, especially liver and oral cancer.

Virgin coconut oil complements with its polyphenol components mitigate sodium fluoride toxicity in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Soorya Parathodi Illam ◽  
Sruthi Panniyan Kandiyil ◽  
Arunaksharan Narayanankutty ◽  
Soumya Valappan Veetil ◽  
Thekkekara Devassy Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Fluoride Toxicity ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Toxicity In Vitro

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY OILS AND FATTY ACIDS ON CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE RAT

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood ◽  
B. B. Migicovsky
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Oils ◽  
Liver Homogenates

Rats were fed diets containing 20% oils and 9% fatty acids and the effect of these compounds on cholesterol metabolism was studied. Unsaturated oils and fatty acids increased total cholesterol in the liver and stimulated the incorporation of C14-acetate into cholesterol both in vivo and in liver homogenates. Saturated material such as coconut oil and lauric acid had the opposite effect with respect to amount of liver cholesterol and to in vivo incorporation. The saturated material had no significant effect on synthesis in homogenates. The effect of oils in the diet was rapid, the stimulating effect of rapeseed oils being observed after the rats had been placed on the diet for as short a period as 3 days.

Comparative evaluation of the pharmacological value of virgin coconut oil, omega 3 fatty acids, and orlistat in experimental study on obesity with normo/hyper-lipidaemic diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 100192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wale Johnson Adeyemi ◽  
Luqman Aribidesi Olayaki ◽  
Tahir Ahmad Abdussalam ◽  
Serah Funke Ige ◽  
Bidemi Kazeem Okesina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY OILS AND FATTY ACIDS ON CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE RAT

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood ◽  
B. B. Migicovsky
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Oils ◽  
Liver Homogenates

Rats were fed diets containing 20% oils and 9% fatty acids and the effect of these compounds on cholesterol metabolism was studied. Unsaturated oils and fatty acids increased total cholesterol in the liver and stimulated the incorporation of C14-acetate into cholesterol both in vivo and in liver homogenates. Saturated material such as coconut oil and lauric acid had the opposite effect with respect to amount of liver cholesterol and to in vivo incorporation. The saturated material had no significant effect on synthesis in homogenates. The effect of oils in the diet was rapid, the stimulating effect of rapeseed oils being observed after the rats had been placed on the diet for as short a period as 3 days.

Esterification of free fatty acids in adipocytes: a comparison between octanoate and oleate

2000 ◽  
Vol 349 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen GUO ◽  
Ji-Kyung CHOI ◽  
James L. KIRKLAND ◽  
Barbara E. CORKEY ◽  
James A. HAMILTON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Preadipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Special Diets

Medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) are present in milk, coconut oil and other foods, and are used therapeutically in special diets for certain disorders of lipid and glucose utilization. Recently, it has become apparent that MCT are not only oxidized in the liver, but are also present in lymph and fat tissue, particularly after chronic treatment. To evaluate the influence of MCT on metabolism in fat cells, we compared incorporation of octanoate and oleate into cellular triacylglycerols of 3T3-L1 adipocytes as well as their effects on preadipocyte differentiation. We found that less octanoate than oleate was stored and that more octanoate than oleate was oxidized. Octanoate was esterified to a greater extent at the sn-1,3 position of glyceryl carbons than at the sn-2 position, whereas the opposite was true for oleate. Glycerol release from fat cells pre-treated with octanoate was also greater than from cells pre-treated with oleate, presumably related to the preferential release of octanoate from the sn-1,3 position. Octanoate was not incorporated into lipids in undifferentiated cells and did not induce differentiation in these cells, whereas oleate was readily stored and actually induced differentiation. Incorporation of octanoate into lipids increased as cells differentiated, but reached a maximum of about 10% of the total stored fatty acids. If these effects in vitro also occur in vivo, substitution of octanoate for oleate or other long-chain fatty acids could have the beneficial effect of diminishing fat-cell number and lipid content.

scholarly journals Maternal intake of dietary virgin coconut oil modifies essential fatty acids and causes low body weight and spiky fur in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Gunasekaran ◽  
Mohammed Rafid Shaker ◽  
Siti Waheeda Mohd-Zin ◽  
Aminah Abdullah ◽  
Azlina Ahmad-Annuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil

scholarly journals The Activity of Hydrolyzed Virgin Coconut Oil to Increase Proliferation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression towards on NIH 3T3 Cell Line in Wound Healing Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 3164-3168
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Dian Ika Perbina Br Meliala ◽  
Linda Margata ◽  
Denny Satria
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Nih 3T3

AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of hydrolysed virgin coconut oil (HVCO) to increase cell proliferation, COX-2 expression of NIH 3T3. METHODS: The sample used was Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). VCO was partially hydrolysed using lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (active on sn-1,3 position) to produce hydrolysed VCO (HVCO) composed of free fatty acids, 2-monoglycerides. Then acid value was determined. The effect of HVCO on proliferation was evaluated using the MTT method. Wound healing assay was established by a cell migration method, and COX-2 expression was determined using RT-PCR. RESULTS: Acid value is 135.89 ± 0.12 mg NaOH/g oil and free fatty acids (FFA) is 48.50 ± 0.06%. The effect of HVCO 62.5 µg/mL on cell proliferation after 24h, 48h, and 72h incubation found as viable cells are 109.24 ± 0.52%; 118.26 ± 0.91% and 106.59 ± 0.74%. Percent of wound closed after 24 h and 48 h incubation are 69.94 ± 0.54% and 100.00 ± 0.00%, and expression of COX-2 increased from 1 (control) to 1.83 (HVCO). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that HVCO is effective to increase cells proliferation and hence wound healing process.

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