Efficacy of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. and Annona crassiflora Mart. leaves in the reduction of biotransferred Escherichia coli  from Lactuca sativa L. leaves to polypropylene

The antimicrobial activity of Caryocar brasiliense and Annona crassiflora leaves extracts was evaluated against Escherichia coli strains through a sensitivity test by the agar diffusion method and by the evaluation of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) by the microdilution technique followed by plating. The sanitizing efficiency of these extracts in reducing E. coli cells biotransferred from L. sativa leaves to polypropylene surfaces was evaluated after an exposure time of 5 minutes. All strains were sensitive to antibacterials and the formation of an inhibition halo was observed for the extracts against all strains tested. The C. brasiliense extract showed better antimicrobial action against E. coli strains, with a MIC of 1.09 mg/mL, while the MIC of A. crassiflora extract was 5.58 mg/mL. No MBC was found for plant extracts. The strains were not able to form biofilms under the conditions studied, however, there was biotransfer and adhesion of E. coli to polypropylene. The highest counts of E. coli cells biotransferred and, consequently, adhere to the polypropylene coupons were observed when 5 log CFU/mL was inoculated, with a mean count of 4.53 ± 0.66 log CFU/cm2. It was verified that the treatment with the extract solutions in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) totally reduced the number of E. coli cells adhered to the polypropylene coupons. The results obtained indicate that the use of extracts from both species as antibacterials is promising.

Download Full-text

Exploration of Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm and Antiquorum Sensing Activity of the Himalayan Yellow Raspberry (Rubus ellipticus) against Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4514 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Honeysmita Das ◽

A.K. Samanta ◽

Sanjeev Kumar ◽

P. Roychoudhury ◽

Kalyan Sarma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

E Coli ◽

Rubus Ellipticus

Background: Management of ever growing multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria becomes one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide. The situation is worsening due to lack of new generation antimicrobials in the arsenal of the clinicians. Development of new alternatives to the conventional antimicrobial agents is the need of the hour to control the menace of AMR. Plants based products are attractive alternatives with proven efficacy but needs scientific investigation to explore their potential antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activities against major bacterial pathogens of human and animals. The present study was conducted to explore the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of leaf, flower, fruit and stem of the Himalayan yellow raspberry (Rubus ellipticus) against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Methods: E. coli and S. aureus were isolated and identified from diarrhoeic pigs and poultry and mastitic milk of cattle of Mizoram, respectively. Leaf, flower, fruit and stem/bark of R. ellipticus were collected from Mizoram and extracted by methanol and aqueous solvents. The antimicrobial activity and MIC was determined by well diffusion method and 96 wells microtiter plate method, respectively. Antibiofilm activity of plant extracts was determined in 96 well tissue culture plate. Antiquorum sensing activity was determined by disc diffusion method. Result: Methanol leaf extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with 19 mm and 7 mm zone of inhibition at 200 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. Methanol fruit extract also showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus only. Highest and lowest activities were observed at 200 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL concentrations with 15 mm and 7 mm zone of inhibition, respectively. No antimicrobial activities by either of the extracts were observed against E. coli isolates. The MIC of R. ellipticus methanol leaf and fruit extracts against S. aureus was 0.203125 mg/mL and 0.8125 mg/mL, respectively. The methanol leaf (86.60%) and stem (85.60%) extracts of R. ellipticus showed significant antibiofilm activity against S. aureus isolates, whereas methanol fruit (89.20%) extracts exhibited antibiofilm activity against E. coli isolates at the concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Significant antiquorum sensing (QS) activities was exhibited by the methanol leaf extract of R. ellipticus at 200 mg/mL concentration against E. coli. This is the first ever report on antibiofilm and anti QS activities of the R. ellipticus plant extracts against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria.

Download Full-text

Screening of antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of some medicinal plants from Cameroon and assessment of their synergy with common antibiotics against multidrug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria.

10.1101/2021.09.10.459100 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mbarga Manga Joseph Arsene ◽

Podoprigora Irina Viktorovna ◽

Anytoulou Kitio Linda Davares ◽

Mouafo Hippolyte Tene ◽

Irma Aurelia Monique Manga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Strong Activity ◽

E Coli ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Uropathogenic Bacteria

Background and aim: The Cameroonian flora abounds in plants with multidimensional therapeutic virtues which can play an important role in the fight against resistance to antibiotics and the search for new antimicrobials. This study aimed to screen the antimicrobial potential of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of thirteen (13) samples (Bark, leaf, seed) of eight (8) plants from Cameroon against 3 reference pathogens and to evaluate their synergy with conventional antibiotics against eleven (11) multiresistant uropathogenic (MRU) bacteria. Method: Bioactive compounds were extracted from leaves of Leucanthemum vulgare, Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Moringa oleifera Lam and Vernonia amygdalina Delile; barks of Cinchona officinalis and Enantia chlorantha Oliv; barks and seeds of Garcinia lucida Vesque and leaves and seeds of Azadirachta indica (Neem) using distilled water and ethanol as solvents. The extracts were tested against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Candida albicans 10231 using the well diffusion method and the microdilution method. The synergistic effect was assessed (using disc diffusion method and the checkerboard method) against MRU bacteria namely Achromobacter xylosoxidans 4892, Citrobacter freundii 426, Enterococcus avium 1669, Escherichia coli 1449, Klebsiella oxytoca 3003, Kocuria rizophilia. 1542, Moraxella catarrhalis 4222, Morganella morganii 1543, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3057, Staphylococcus aureus 1449 and Streptococcus agalactiae 3984. Results: We found that distilled water extracted a more important mass of phytochemical compounds (7.9-21.2%) compared to ethanol (5.8-12.4%). Except C. officinalis and G. lucida leaves, the rest of extracts were active with inhibition diameters (ID) ranging from 5 to 36 mm. Both ethanolic (EE) and aqueous extract (AE) of E. chloranta bark (ECB) were the most active against all pathogens with the mean ID of 17 and 36 mm vs S. aureus ATCC 6538, 23 and 14 mm vs E. coli ATCC 25922 and 36 and 19 mm vs C. albicans ATCC 10231. Only the EE of E. chloranta bark (ECB) had a strong activity against all the microorganisms tested (MIC <2 mg / ml); L. vulgare leaves (LVL) and G. lucida seed (GLS) had moderate (average MIC of 8 mg/ml) while all other extracts showed very weak antimicrobial activity. In addition, the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) ranged from 0.125 to 0.750. No antagonism (FIC> 4) or indifference (1≤ FIC≤4) was noted between the extracts and the antibiotics, but the best synergies were found with ECB which well-modulated Kanamycin (FIC = 0.125 against S. aureus and 0.250 against E. coli), nitrofurantoin (FIC = 0.250 against S. aureus and 0.188 against E. coli) and ampicillin (FIC = 0.125 against E. coli). Similarly, compared to other extracts, ECB, LVL and GLS also well-modulated ampicillin, ceftazidime, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, and trimethoprim against all the above-mentioned resistant uropathogenic bacteria with important increase in fold area (IFA). Conclusion: This study show that E. chlorantha bark, L. vulgare leaves G. lucida seed, have good antimicrobial activity against both bacteria (Gram positive and Gram negative) and fungi (C. albicans); and should be more investigated for their possible use to the fight against MDR and MRU microorganisms.

Download Full-text

CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN SUI WU’U FROM BAJAWA DISTRICT, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR, INDONESIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i4.36760 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

ROSALINA YULIANA AYEN ◽

ENDANG KUSDIYANTINI ◽

SRI PUJIYANTO

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Query Cover

Objective: This research aimed to isolate, determine the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of Sui Wu’u from Bajawa, Nusa Tenggara Timur and identify LAB using 16S rRNA potential as antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Sui Wu’u which has been stored for 6 months was obtained from Bajawa district, inoculated on de Man Rogosa-Sharpe Agar (Merck) + 0.5% CaCO3, purification of LAB, characterization of selected isolates, biochemical test, tolerance test for pH, viability to test temperature, and content NaCl, determination of antimicrobial action by the agar well disk diffusion method using antibiotic (Amoxicillin) as a control and as indicator bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and isolation of genomic 16S rRNA; molecular identification. Results: Based on research results obtained five isolates of LAB, Gram staining the LAB isolated from Sui Wu’u showed that the isolated bacteria (bacilli and coccus) are Gram-positive, catalase-negative and the isolates have tolerance of viability at temperatures of 10°C, 45°C, and 50°C and to salinitas of 4% and 6.5%. The inhibitory zone LAB isolates (2PKT) against E. coli bacteria (20 mm) and S. aureus (12 mm), and (2PKB) against E. coli bacteria (17 mm) and S. aureus (10 mm). The two selected isolates were identified as Lactobacillus fermentum strain HB bacteria with 100% identification value and 98.93% query cover and L. fermentum strain HT with 100% identification value and 99.23% query cover. Conclusion: L. fermentum from Sui Wu’u has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Download Full-text

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Phyllospongia lamellosa DARI PERAIRAN TUMBAK, MINAHASA TENGGARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.8.2019.29358 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 815

Author(s):

Kartini Ratu ◽

Herny E. I. Simbala ◽

Henki Rotinsulu

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Average Value ◽

Activity Test ◽

Paper Disk ◽

Agar Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Sponges are a component of coral reef biota. These sea animals are known to contain compounds that have the potential to be developed in the field of medicine, including as an antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans collected in the waters of Tumbak, Posumaen District, Southeast Minahasa. The antimicrobial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method. The results showed that the extract and fraction of Phyllospongia lamellose had antimicrobial activity seen in the inhibition zone formed around the paper disk against the test microbes. Ethanol extrack and fraction from Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans with an average value of 13,33 mm was categorized as strong , than in Staphylococcus aureus with an average value of 13 mm is categorized as strong and on Escherichia coli 11 mm categorized as strong. Keywords :Phyllospongia lamellosa, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans ABSTRAK Spons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang. Hewan laut ini diketahui mengandung senyawa- senyawa yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bidang pengobatan, diantaranya sebagai antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba spons Phyllospongia Lamellosa terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans yang diambil pada perairan Tumbak Kecamatan Posumaen, Minahasa Tenggara. Uji aktifitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak dan fraksi spons Phyllospongia lamellose memiliki aktifitas antimikroba dilihat zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar cakram kertas terhadap mikroba uji. Ekstrak etanol dan fraksi dari Spons Phyllospongia lamellosa menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba paling kuat terhadap candida albicans dengan nilai rata-rata 13,33 mm dikategorikan kuat, kemudian pada Staphylococcus aureus dengan nilai rata-rata 13 mm dikategorikan kuat, dan pada Escherichia coli 11 mm dikategorikan kuat. Kata Kunci : Phyllospongia lamellosa, aktivitas antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Red and White Wines against Escherichia coli: In Vitro Inhibition Using Fish as Food Matrix

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9070936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 936

Author(s):

Heidi Christine Santoro ◽

Danijela Skroza ◽

Anđela Dugandžić ◽

Mladen Boban ◽

Vida Šimat

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Food Matrix ◽

E Coli ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

Five different wines (standard Graševina, macerated Graševina with and without sulfur, rosé, and standard Plavac Mali), all typical Croatian wines, were tested to determine the antimicrobial activity against two Escherichia coli bacterial strains (ATCC® 25922 and ATCC® 8739) in vitro and using sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets as food matrix. The chemical composition of wines (pH, acidity, alcohol, total phenolics, anthocyanins, tannins, and sulfur content) and antimicrobial activity (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), agar-well diffusion method) were determined. The total phenolic content of the wines ranged from 305–3210 mg gallic acid equivalents per liter (GAE/L), and did not correlate to antimicrobial activity. The two wines with the lowest phenolic content (standard Graševina and rosé) had the lowest MIC values (122 and 429 mg GAE/L). A specific relation between the winemaking process and a particular MIC value was not established. There was also no relation found between the pH value, ethanol content, sulfur, or phenolics in regards to the antimicrobial effect. In fish fillets marinated in wine + water mixture (v/v = 1:1) and inoculated with 7 log colony forming units (CFU)/25 g the growth of bacteria was reduced after three days of storage at 4 °C. Subsequent storage resulted in the growth of bacteria in all samples, with the lowest growth of E. coli ATCC® 25922 in macerated Graševina and E. coli ATCC® 8739 in standard Graševina. All wines showed the capacity to reduce the number and growth of heavily infected sea bass filets, but correlation with specific wine constituents was not found. Taking into account the numerous reactive mechanisms between food and wine, all in vitro studies in controlled laboratory conditions should be further verified in the relevant environment, and additional research is needed to clarify the role of individual wine components in the mechanism of antimicrobial activity.

Download Full-text

AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI ALGA (Halimeda opuntia) TERHADAP Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.8.2019.29252 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 178

Author(s):

Shinta Jolanda ◽

Defny S Wewengkang ◽

Imam Jayanto

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Green Algae ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Escherichia Coli Bacteria

ABSTRACT Algae Halimeda opuntia is one of the green algae type that contains bioactive compounds which can be used for the treatment of various diseases. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of extracts and fractions of algae Halimeda opuntia obtained from the Lembeh Bitung Strait against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The samples were extracted by maceration using ethanol solvent and fractionation using methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane solvents. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by the agar diffusion method of paper discs. The results showed that ethanol extract was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in the medium inhibitory category. While the methanol and chloroform fractions were only able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The extract and all fractions did not show activity inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans fungi. Keywords: Algae, Halimeda opuntia, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans ABSTRAKAlga Halimeda opuntia merupakan salah satu jenis alga hijau yang memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan berbagai penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak dan fraksi alga Halimeda opuntia yang diperoleh dari Selat Lembeh Bitung terhadap Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans. Sampel diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, kloroform, dan n-heksan. Aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar cakram kertas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol, mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan kategori daya hambat sedang. Sedangkan fraksi metanol dan fraksi kloroform hanya mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak dan semua fraksi tidak menunjukkan aktivitas menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Kata kunci: Alga, Halimeda opuntia, aktivitas antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial Activity of Bidens pilosa Leaves Extracts Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Tanzania Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/tvj.v38i1.4s ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

S.A. Mohamed ◽

C. Mathew

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

E Coli ◽

Tract Infections

Resistance against synthetic antimicrobial agents is one of the major global public health challenges that compel scientists to search for alternatives including those of plants origin. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are bacteria responsible for a variety of infections and diseases that causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. E. coli is widely distributed in nature and commonly found in lower gastro intestinal tracts of most warm-blooded animals associated with urinary tract infections and enterocolitis in humans and colibacillosis in poultry. This study was carried out to investigate antimicrobial activity of methanolic leaf extracts of Bidens pilosa against S. aureus and E. coli. Agar well diffusion method was used to assess antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts at 20%, 50% and 70% concentrations respectively based on measured zone of inhibition. The leaf extracts of Bidens pilosa produced significant zone of inhibition indicating its antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The antimicrobial activity was demonstrated in all concentrations however, the highest zone of inhibition (18.5mm and 32mm) for E. coli and S. aureus respectively was at 70% concentration. The results shows that Bidens pilosa leaf extracts have antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria and have the potential for further development including identification of active components that can be tested for treatment of E. coli and S. aureus associated conditions.

Download Full-text

Study of the Effect of Carob (Ceratoniasiliqua L.) Extract Activity as Antibiotic from UTI

Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences (QJAS) (P-ISSN 2077-5822 E-ISSN 2617-1479) ◽

10.33794/qjas.vol8.iss1.48 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 17-25

Author(s):

Iman Fadhil Abdul-Husin

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Species Level ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

E Coli ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Resistant Strains

Escherichia coli bacterial cells have been collected and selected from(30) patients (most found strain) in urine samples 25 (83.3 %) suffering from infection of urinary tract laid down in Hashimiyaha teaching hospital, Babylon during a period from Novembertwo thousand sixty to February two thousand seventy. The isolated strain diagnosis is confirmed withVitek2 system apparatus which performed to identify species level ofEscherichia coli isolates.To evaluate the antimicrobialaction of the ethanol extract of Carob (CeratoniasiliquaL.) podsonlyas well as in mixture with certain drugs (64µg /ml ampicillin, 32µg /ml gentamicin, 128µg /ml amikacin,8µg /ml clindamycin.) as the wide usageantibiotics in the treatment of UTI bacterial infectionswhich has led to the emergence and spread of resistant strains. Many studies showed that the efficacy of antimicrobials can be improved by combining them with crude plant extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract of pods of Carob(CeratoniasiliquaL.)alone as well as in mixture with some standard antimicrobials has been evaluated using well diffusion methodwhich demonstrates an in-vitro antibacterial activity of the tested extracts against E. Coli bacteria. A combination of the tested extracts( concentration 100%,50%) with antibacterial has increased that activity of the tested antimicrobials.The results revealed the importance of Carob plant extracts when associated with antibiotics to regulatorresistance E. Coli bacteria that developed as adanger to human health

Download Full-text

Mode of Action and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Ant Plant Tuber Extract Inhibiting Growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2021.9255 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

Author(s):

Theera SRISAWAT ◽

Narueparn SUKKASAM ◽

Jirawadee UPPALA ◽

Chananchita NILAKE ◽

Kanokrat KEAWCHAI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Flow Cytometry ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

E Coli ◽

Tuber Extract

The present study aimed to investigate the activity of Hydnophytum formicarum Jack (Ant Plant) tuber extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the mode of action of the extract on bacterial responses. The antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion method. Resazurin-based 96-well microdilution method was used to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the extract. Mode of action on bacterial death and response patterns to the extract were assessed by flow cytometry using membrane integrity and granularity profiles. The results, based on serial dilution and zones of inhibition against the bacteria, showed that 2,000 µg/well was potent against S. aureus (16.33±1.53 mm) and E. coli (14.33±0.58 mm). For S. aureus, the MIC concentration was 8,000 µg/mL, while 4,000 µg/mL concentration exhibited activity against E. coli. Flow cytometric profiles confirmed loss of intracellular components, followed by death, for both bacteria. Bacterial responses to the extract had consistent dose- and time-dependent behavior. This is the first mode of action study on bacterial responses to H. formicarum tuber extract. The results suggest that the extract of H. formicarum tuber could serve as a source of an initial active ingredient for developing effective medicines to battle infections caused by pathogens. HIGHLIGHTS Ant plant tuber extract had a strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli Intracellular component and bacterial membrane were the remarkable target for action of the extract Dose- and Time-response model for bacterial response to the extract was achieved using Flow cytometry

Download Full-text

Anti Escherichia Coli Activity of Some Medicinal Plants of High Altitude of Nepal

Med Phoenix ◽

10.3126/medphoenix.v1i1.17879 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 3-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dipak Bhargava ◽

Abhilasha Saha ◽

Keshab Chandra Mondal ◽

Bijaya Raj Pandit ◽

Amrullah Shidiki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

High Altitude ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

E Coli ◽

Ethanolic Extracts

Background: Plants and plant-based medicaments are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various ailments. The aim of the present study was to find out the bioactive chemical constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, carbohydrate and to find out the anti E. coli activity of the ethanolic extracts of traditionally used ten medicinal plants of Nepal at an altitude of 1500 ft from above the sea level.Methods: Ethanolic extracts of ten commonly used medicinal plants were analyzed phytochemically and evaluated for their significant antimicrobial activity against the clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. Mean zones of inhibition were calculated for each of the extracts.Results: The results revealed that though all the plants of the high altitude showed some degree of antimicrobial activity, the leaf extract of Syzygium cumini (5.7±0.3 cm), Chromolaena odorata (5.2±0.4 cm), Ocimum sanctum (4.7±0.6 cm) and Justicia adhatoda (3.2±0.3 cm) were most effective against the clinical isolates of E. coli, whereas the other six plant extracts were least effective against the clinical isolates of E. coli. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of bioactive components. Seven of the plant extracts contain alkaloids, six of them contain glycosides, four of them contain flavonoids, three of them contain carbohydrate, oil and fats, two of them contain tannins, whereas only one of them contains saponins.Conclusion: The result of this study justified the folkloric usage of the studied plants and concluded that these plants extract have great potential in finding new clinically effective antimicrobial compounds.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 3-9

Download Full-text