scholarly journals Impact of radiotherapy in head and neck regions on periodontal and oral hygiene conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e44410212745
Author(s):  
André Costa Cartaxo ◽  
Liliane Cristina Nogueira Marinho ◽  
Davi Neto de Araújo Silva ◽  
Natália Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Silva de Arruda Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Dose Fraction

Objective: Evaluate the influence of head and neck radiotherapy dose on periodontal tissue for to understanding of its adverse effects, and consequently to propose strategies to reduce its severity. Methodology: An observational, longitudinal and prospective study with intraoral clinical examinations performed before radiotherapy (T0) and immediately after the end of radiation therapy. The clinical data collected regarding oral and periodontal hygiene conditions were visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing depth (PD), gingival recession area, clinical attachment level (CAL), degree of mobility and presence or absence of suppuration. In addition, data such as radiation dose, fractionation and duration of radiotherapy were reported. Results: Fourteen patients were evaluated, of which 11 had periodontitis after the radiotherapy, and 9 had poor oral hygiene conditions after the radiotherapy. Seven of the 11 subjects with periodontitis presented tumors in the oral cavity. There was a decrease in visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI). The research was unable to establish a significant association between radiation therapy and oral hygiene condition and periodontitis. Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene conditions predominated in the sample, which can be associated with the presence of debilitating conditions. Direct radiation on the oral cavity may have an influence on the development of periodontitis. The development of gingivitis only and periodontitis was not influenced by dose, fraction or duration of radiotherapy in the study period.

scholarly journals The existence of Entarnoeba Gingivalis in the oral cavity with mild oral hygiene

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Periodontal Index

Entamoeba gingivalis is protozoa (non-pathogen amoeba) that lives in the oral cavity and act as opportunistic parasite. The parasite is most common found within oral cavity with advance periodontal disease. This study aimed to find the existence Entamoeba gingivalis within oral cavity with mild oral hygiene. The study was conducted by making preparation of plaque taken from patient's oral cavity with mild oral hygiene. The degree of oral hygiene was determined by using Silness and Loe Index and Ramfjord Periodontal Index. The number of Entamoeba gingivalis was gained by counting them from the preparation examined under microscope. The result demonstrates that mild oral hygiene has a high percentage of Entamoeba gingivalis is that 80 % either for various plaque index or ages.

scholarly journals ORAL HYGIENE BURUK PASIEN RAWAT INAP TIDAK BERKAITAN DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN ORAL CANDIDIASIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Addina Aimana Sabila ◽  
Ade Ismail A.K ◽  
Rochman Mujayanto
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Nosocomial infections can develop in the oral cavity due to poor oral hygiene. Oral Candidiasis is one of the most frequent nosocomial infection in oral cavity. The objective of this study is to describe the oral hygiene and oral candidiasis in hospitalized patients. Method: This analitical observational study used cross sectional design. Subject of the study were 74 adult patients aged 20-65 who are hospitalized at the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang. Oral hygiene assessed from the presence of debris and calculus on the tooth surface using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHIS) that were grouped in three categories (good, moderate, bad). Oral candidiasis diagnosed through clinical examination and swab procedure of suspicious lesions, and identified the presence of its spores and hyphae under a microscope observation. Kendal Tau test is used to analyze the correlation between oral hygiene with oral candidiasis. Results: Results showed patients with oral candidiasis in the poor and moderate oral hygiene were 29.7% and 1.4%, whereas patients without oral candidiasis in the poor and moderate oral hygiene were 60.8% and 8.1%. Kendall Tau correlation test results p value of 0.235 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Conclusion of this study showed there is no association between oral hygiene with oral candidiasis.

Short-course radiation for palliation of squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary of the head and neck.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
Shayna Eliana Rich ◽  
William M. Mendenhall
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Nodal Size ◽  
Short Course

62 Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the treatment patterns used for palliative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary of the head and neck and to compare the acute toxicity and tumor response for these patients for the most common dose-fractionation regimens. Methods: Patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary with cervical lymphadenopathy were included who were treated with radiation therapy with palliative intent at a single institution between 1966 and 2015 (N = 45). Chart abstraction was performed on the radiation therapy records and follow-up visit notes. Results: Most patients presented with N3 disease (32/45, 71%), with symptoms of pain (19/45, 42%), or with difficulty swallowing (12/45, 27%). Patients were most commonly treated with 20 Gy in 2 fractions (13/45, 29%) or 30 Gy in 10 fractions (13/45, 29%). Toxicity was mild regardless of dose-fractionation, with only 6 patients experiencing dysphagia and 1 having a pulmonary embolus. Most patients had a partial nodal response during the radiation course (25/45, 56%), and partial symptom response by the first followup (17/33, 52%). Results were similar for 20 Gy and 30 Gy courses. Median survival was approximately 5 months and did not differ by radiation course. Conclusions: Patients treated with dose-fractionations of 20 Gy in 2 weekly treatments or 30 Gy in 10 fractions had minimal toxicity. Most patients had an excellent response in nodal size during radiation and nearly all had symptomatic response within the first month of follow. Patients with advanced disease of the head and neck may have a surprising durability of response with even a short course of palliative radiation therapy.

Effects of radiation therapy on clonal hematopoiesis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12062-12062
Author(s):  
Leslie Ann Modlin ◽  
N. Ari Wijetunga ◽  
Minal Patel ◽  
Teng Gao ◽  
Ryan Ptashkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Clonal Hematopoiesis ◽  
Increased Risk

12062 Background: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), characterized by recurrent somatic mutations in blood, is a common age-associated condition that portends an increased risk of myeloid neoplasms and cardiac disease. Oncologic therapies appear to promote CH, including ionizing radiation therapy (RT) (OR = 1.4, p < 10−6) and systemic DNA-damaging agents (OR = 1.2, p = 8x10−4). How various RT parameters (e.g. target site, dose, fractionation, modality) may influence CH is unknown. Methods: CH mutations were identified via targeted, deep-coverage next-generation sequencing from paired peripheral blood and tumor samples (MSK-IMPACT). CH was defined as a somatic blood mutation with a minimum variant allele frequency of 2%. Putative driver mutations (CH-PD) were identified from OncoKB and other published sources. Clinical and RT characteristics were abstracted from medical records. To account for differences in RT dose and fractionation, equivalent radiation dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) with an α/β ratio of 3 for late effects was calculated. Univariate and logistic regression modeling for associations between clinical and treatment parameters and CH were performed. Results: We identified 2,195 patients who received RT before blood draw and 7,832 who did not, encompassing 57 histologies. A median of 267 days elapsed between the end of RT and blood draw. After RT, 22% of patients had at least one CH-PD mutation (n = 486). The most common single anatomic sites radiated were pelvis, chest wall/breast, and head and neck. Conventional RT was used in 2% (n = 46), 3D-conformal in 14% (n = 308), intensity modulated RT in 36% (n = 787), volumetric modulated arc RT in 12% (n = 263), multiple techniques in 26% (n = 560), and unknown in 11% (n = 231). There was no association between RT modality and presence of CH-PD (p > 0.05 for all between group comparisons of modality). On multivariate regression after controlling for age, race, time from diagnosis to blood draw, smoking status, and for chemotherapy class, cytotoxic, immune, or targeted therapies in the entire cohort, EQD2 was associated with CH-PD (p = 0.012x10−3). Evaluating EQD2 by irradiated anatomic site, total pelvic dose by EQD2 in 10 Gy increments remained significantly associated with CH-PD (OR = 1.07, p = 0.0046), as was head and neck EQD2 (OR = 1.046, p = 0.032). Conclusions: CH-PD was associated with higher radiation dose for pelvic or head and neck RT, but not other anatomic sites after controlling for systemic therapies. RT modality was not associated with CH-PD. Ongoing work will directly evaluate the bone marrow dosimetry of various treatment approaches using phantom-based modeling.

Value of Radiation Therapy in Addition to Surgery for Cancer of the Head and Neck

1986 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sadeghi ◽  
John McLaren ◽  
William L. Grist ◽  
Luu Tran ◽  
Hans Kuisk
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Surgical Margins ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Postoperative Radiation Therapy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Nodal Control

This historically controlled study evaluates radiation therapy in 119 patients—With squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck—who underwent surgery alone (SA) or surgery plus radiation (S + R). The primary tumor control and nodal control, in patients with negative surgical margins who had surgery alone (SA), were 63% in the oral cavity, 60% in the oropharynx, and 67% in the hypopharynx. The same rates for S + R group and negative surgical margins were 100%, 73%, and 100%. Combining the patients with negative and positive surgical margins, control of the tumor and nodal control were the same in the oral cavity for both treatment groups (41% for SA and 44% for S + R) and increased with the addition of radiation in the oropharynx (30% for SA to 65% for S + R) and hypopharynx (33% for SA to 86% for S + R), in spite of higher percentages of T3 and T4 tumor and positive lymph nodes in the S + R group. The lower control rate in patients who had surgery alone could be due (in part) to inadequate surgery at the primary site (42% local excision) and lack of neck dissection (35% for SA vs. 77% for S + R). Postoperative radiation therapy to the primary site and neck is shown to effectively reduce local recurrence in patients with oral cavity and oropharynx cancer, regardless of surgical margins.

scholarly journals Retrospective Study Regarding Orthodontic Retention Complications in Clinical Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Sorana Maria Bucur ◽  
Laszlo Barna Iantovics ◽  
Anamaria Bud ◽  
Eugen Silviu Bud ◽  
Dorin Ioan Cocoș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Orthodontic Retainers ◽  
Fixed Retainers

At the end of any orthodontic treatment, retention is a necessary phase. Unfortunately, the current retention devices and the lack of proper oral hygiene on the part of patients lead to the accumulation of dental plaque, periodontal inflammation, and gingival retraction. Our retrospective study included 116 adult patients wearing various types of orthodontic retainers. To quantitatively determine the accumulation of dental plaque, we used the Quigley–Hein plaque index modified by Turesky and the Navy plaque index modified by Rustogi. Another studied parameter was related to the gingival recession associated with retention devices. We had investigated the correctness of patients’ dental hygiene, their preferences for auxiliary means of oral hygiene, the consistency with which they wear the mobile retainers, and respect the orthodontist’s instructions; we also investigated the inconveniences and the accidents that may occur during the retention period. Statistical analysis showed that plaque accumulation is significantly lower in the case of mobile retainer than fixed retainer wearers; the exception was the Hawley plate, where the interdental plaque was more than in all the other studied retainers. Periodontal recessions were more frequent in the case of fixed retainer wearing. Flossing was the most commonly used auxiliary mean for oral hygiene. The compliance of women in wearing vacuum-formed retainers was better than that of men. Patients with a class III history had more plaque accumulation, and class II/1 had the most problems related to detachment/damage of fixed retainers. Mobile retainers proved better results for oral hygiene, but fixed retainers cannot be waved.

scholarly journals An Updated Review on Head and Neck Cancer Treatment with Radiation Therapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4912
Author(s):  
Garrett Anderson ◽  
Maryam Ebadi ◽  
Kim Vo ◽  
Jennifer Novak ◽  
Ameish Govindarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Sinus Cavity

The complexity of head and neck cancers (HNC) mandates a multidisciplinary approach and radiation therapy (RT) plays a critical role in the optimal management of patients with HNC, either as frontline or adjuvant treatment postoperatively. The advent of both definitive and post-operative RT has significantly improved the outcomes of patients with HNC. Herein, we discuss the role of postoperative RT in different subtypes of HNC, its side effects, and the importance of surveillance. The treatment regions discussed in this paper are the oral cavity, nasopharynx, paranasal sinus cavity, oropharynx, larynx and hypopharynx. Multiple studies that demonstrate the importance of definitive and/or postoperative RT, which led to an improved outlook of survival for HNC patients will be discussed.

scholarly journals Relationship between Nutrition Deficiency, Oral Cavity Hygiene, and Oral Candidiasis in a 10-Years-Old Child

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Sri Hernawati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dorsal Area ◽  
Anti Fungal

Candida albicans (C.albicans) is the main causative agent in oral candidiasis. Candida spp is a commensal microorganism or normal flora in the mouth without causing symptoms. Candida spp can be a pathogen when the body's condition decreases, systemic medical therapy for a long time, nutritional deficiencies and poor oral hygiene. This study aimed to determine the predisposing factors for the causes of oral candidiasis in 10-year-old pediatric patients who came to the Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital of Dentistry Faculty of Jember University. The results of this study indicate a relationship between nutritional deficiencies and poor oral hygiene with oral candidiasis in children. White pseudomembranous plaque lesions are mostly found in the dorsal area of the tongue. Therapy for the patients is by applying nystatin anti-fungal, multivitamins, and education to improve nutrition and oral hygiene. Keywords: nutritional deficiency; the oral cavity hygiene; oral candidiasis

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oral Hygiene in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis of II Degree and Stage II Hypertension

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2016419
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vivcharenko ◽  
Mykola Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
The Status

Generalized periodontitis is the most common form of periodontal pathology, especially in the second half of life. Nowadays, the problem of periodontal disease is relevant due to its high prevalence, tendency to progression, multifaceted influence on the dentoalveolar system and the whole organism as well as uncertain treatment. Therefore, there is a need to find optimal ways of prevention and treatment of this disease. Close relationships between periodontal pathology and systemic diseases, such as hypertension, which affects every 2nd-3rd adult were determined.The objective of the research was to determine the status of oral cavity hygiene in patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension.Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension being treated in the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary; the average age ranged from 35 to 54 years (the main group). The control group included 10 patients of the same age without generalized periodontitis and somatic pathology .The status of oral cavity hygiene was determined using the Green Vermillion index. The diagnosis of periodontal disease was made on the basis of the classification proposed by M.F. Danilevskyi. The obtained results were subjected to variation-statistical analysis using statistical package “Stat Soft 6.0”; classical methods of variational statistics were applied; mean values and their reliability were evaluated.Results. The results of examination showed poor oral hygiene in almost all patients. The analysis of hygienic indices showed the following results: in patients of the main group, the Green Vermillion index was 1.99 ± 0.13 points (p<0.001) which corresponds to unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene. In patients of the control group, this index was 1.10 ± 0.17 points which corresponds to satisfactory level of oral hygiene. According to the index, 9 (30.0%) patients of the main group had satisfactory oral hygiene, 12 (40.0%) patients had poor oral hygiene, and in 9 (30.0%) patients, poor oral hygiene was observed.In the control group, 2 (20.0%) patients had good oral hygiene, 6 (60.0%) patients had satisfactory oral hygiene and in 2 (20.0%) patients, unsatisfactory oral hygiene was observed. There were no patients with poor oral hygiene. The analysis of the indicators of the Green Vermillion index showed that in case of the pathological process exacerbation the oral hygiene status in patients deteriorated.Conclusions. The level of oral hygiene in patients of both groups was low due to incorrect selection of personal hygiene products or their untimely replacement. In patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension, the level of oral hygiene was lower than in somatically healthy persons: the worse status of oral cavity hygiene – the more pronounced changes in the periodontal tissues. We can suppose that high blood pressure affects the status of the oral cavity, creates a higher risk and exacerbates the periodontal diseases.

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