scholarly journals Recomendações propostas por gestores públicos para prevenção e controle da COVID-19 entre a população privada de liberdade: Protocolo de scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e2510917815
Author(s):  
Willie Otávio Bueno Bernardi ◽  
Melisane Regina Lima Ferreira ◽  
Nanci Michele Saita ◽  
Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade ◽  
Keila Diane Lima de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Academic Search

Este artigo apresenta o protocolo de uma Scoping Review que tem o objetivo de identificar as recomendações propostas pelos gestores públicos para prevenção e controle da Covid-19 entre a população privada de liberdade. A Scoping Review contemplará as seguintes etapas: identificação da questão de pesquisa; identificação de publicações relevantes; seleção de publicações; extração dos dados; análise e síntese das evidências. A questão de investigação foi formulada por meio do acrônimo PCC (população, conceito e contexto): “Quais recomendações vêm sendo propostas pelos gestores públicos para prevenção e controle da COVID-19 entre a população privada de liberdade do sistema prisional?”. Serão utilizados vocabulários controlados e livres para o levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados: EMBASE, Scopus, MEDLINE, Cinahl, Academic Search Premier, LILACS, Web of Science e Epistemonikos. Após as buscas, os dados serão exportados para o aplicativo Rayyan QCRI, por meio do qual será possível excluir as publicações em duplicidade e proceder à seleção das publicações por meio da leitura dos títulos e resumos por dois revisores independentes. Serão incluídas publicações que apresentem as recomendações propostas por gestores públicos da saúde, da justiça e/ou da segurança e instituições/organismos/agências nacionais e internacionais/ para a prevenção e o controle da COVID-19 entre as pessoas privadas de liberdade. Dar-se-á preferência para estudos experimentais e quase-experimentais, observacionais analíticos, séries de casos, relatos de casos individuais, estudos qualitativos, artigos de opinião, comentários e editoriais. As publicações incluídas serão submetidas a uma síntese narrativa após a extração de dados dos mesmos, a qual será conduzida por meio da utilização de um formulário específico.

scholarly journals Is Healthcare AI Research Engaging Publics In Conversations About Ethics? Protocol For A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Kellie Frost ◽  
Rebecca Bosward ◽  
Yves Saint James Aquino ◽  
Annette Braunack-Mayer ◽  
Stacy M Carter
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Academic Search

Abstract Background: In recent years, innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of new healthcare AI (HCAI) technologies. Whilst some of these technologies show promise for improving the patient experience, ethicists have warned that AI can introduce and exacerbate harms and wrongs in healthcare. It is important that HCAI reflects the values that are important to people. However, involving patients and publics in substantive conversations about AI ethics remains challenging due to relatively limited awareness of HCAI technologies. This scoping review aims to map how the existing literature on publics’ attitudes toward HCAI addresses key issues in AI ethics and governance.Methods: We developed a search query to conduct a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Academic Search Complete from January 2010 onwards. We will include primary research studies which document publics’ or patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. A coding framework has been designed and will be used capture qualitative and quantitative data from the articles. Two reviewers will code a proportion of the included articles and any discrepancies will be discussed amongst the team, with changes made to the coding framework accordingly. Final results will be reported quantitatively and qualitatively, examining how each AI ethics issue has been addressed by the included studies.Discussion: If HCAI is to be implemented ethically and legitimately, publics and patients must be included in important conversations about HCAI ethics. This review will explore how ethical issues are addressed in literature examining publics and patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. We aim to describe how publics and patients have been successfully consulted on HCAI ethics, and to identify any areas of HCAI ethics where more work is needed to include publics and patients in research and discussions.

scholarly journals Benefícios do uso do mel no tratamento do pé diabético: Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e956974663
Author(s):  
Isabel Dutra da Cruz ◽  
Daliane Soares Dantas Monteiro ◽  
Mikael de Araújo Silva ◽  
Bruno Oliveira Carreiro ◽  
Érico Gurgel Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Academic Search

O pé diabético pode ser compreendido como destruição de tecidos moles, infecção ou ulceração associada a alterações neurológicas e vasculares nos membros inferiores de portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM). É também uma das mais graves, dispendiosas e devastadoras complicações da DM, sendo as úlceras nos pés precursoras, em 85% dos casos, da amputação do membro inferior. Assim, o mel surge como uma alternativa de tratamento, sendo barato, com pouco risco de resistência bacteriana e amplamente disponível, fatores imprescindíveis para a continuidade do tratamento pelos pacientes. Este artigo é uma Scoping Rewiew que pretende descrever as evidências de forma a elucidar os benefícios do mel no tratamento do pé diabético. A pesquisa engloba estudos primários, revisões, metanálises e/ou metassínteses, livros e guidelines, teses e dissertações, publicados em fontes indexadas ou na literatura cinzenta publicados nas bases de dados: Scielo, LILACS, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL e Academic Search Premier, CAPS, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações USP, Busca Integrada USP. Na literatura revisada, foram encontrados 33 diferentes benefícios descritos para o uso do mel.  Dentre eles, destacam-se a maior taxa de cicatrização, propriedades antimicrobianas, anti-inflamatórias e desbridantes, entre outras. Portanto, os estudos analisados demonstraram uma grande variedade de benefícios, refletindo a complexidade de ação e a utilidade deste produto.

scholarly journals Dificuldades da intubação submentoniana em pacientes com traumas faciais: Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e974998171
Author(s):  
Isabel Dutra da Cruz ◽  
Daliane Soares Dantas Monteiro ◽  
Mikael de Araújo Silva ◽  
Hécio Henrique Araújo de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Academic Search

A intubação submentoniana consiste em uma técnica de manutenção da via aérea que tem seu acesso cirúrgico situado na região submentual medial/paramedial, paralelamente à base da mandíbula. O seu principal objetivo é substituir a intubação nasotraqueal quando esta é contraindicada, surgindo como uma opção à traqueostomia, que seria o próximo passo nesses casos. Esse artigo é uma scoping review com o objetivo de descrever as evidências de forma a elucidar as dificuldades encontradas na intubação submentoniana no trauma facial. A estratégia de busca se deu nos bancos de dados SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL e Academic Search Premier (via plataforma EBSCO), Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações USP, Busca Integrada USP e banco de teses CAPES, considerando elegíveis estudos primários, revisões, metanálises e/ou metassínteses, livros e guidelines, teses e dissertações, publicados em fontes indexadas ou na literatura cinzenta e nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Na literatura revisada, foram encontrados 23 diferentes grupos de dificuldades relacionadas ao procedimento. Entre elas, destacam-se como as mais descritas os danos ao tubo endotraqueal e a dificuldade na passagem do tubo pela incisão submentoniana. Portanto, os estudos analisados demonstraram uma grande variedade de dificuldades relacionadas a vários aspectos intrinsecamente relacionados a realização do procedimento da intubação submentoniana.

Primary Crime Prevention Apps: A Typology and Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802098556
Author(s):  
Mark A. Wood ◽  
Stuart Ross ◽  
Diana Johns
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Meta Analyses

In the last decade, an array of smartphone apps have been designed to prevent crime, violence, and abuse. The evidence base of these apps has, however, yet to analyzed systematically. To rectify this, the aims of this review were (1) to establish the extent, range, and nature of research into smartphone apps with a primary crime prevention function; (2) to locate gaps in the primary crime prevention app literature; and (3) to develop a typology of primary crime prevention apps. Employing a scoping review methodology and following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, studies were identified via Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. We included English-language research published between 2008 and 2020 that examined smartphone applications designed explicitly for primary crime prevention. Sixty-one publications met our criteria for review, out of an initial sample of 151 identified. Our review identified six types of crime prevention app examined in these publications: self-surveillance apps, decision aid apps, child-tracking apps, educational apps, crime-mapping/alert apps, and crime reporting apps. The findings of our review indicate that most of these forms of primary crime prevention apps have yet to be rigorously evaluated and many are not evidence-based in their design. Consequently, our review indicates that recent enthusiasm over primary crime prevention apps is not supported by an adequate evidence base.

scholarly journals Sensory-Based Priming for Upper Extremity Hemiparesis After Stroke: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 153944922110326
Author(s):  
Mary E. Stoykov ◽  
Courtney Heidle ◽  
Shamshir Kang ◽  
Lisa Lodesky ◽  
Lindsay E. Maccary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Collaboration

Sensory priming is a technique to facilitate neuroplasticity and improve motor skills after injury. Common sensory priming modalities include peripheral nerve stimulation/somatosensory electrical stimulation (PNS/SES), transient functional deafferentation (TFD), and vibration. The aim of this study was to determine whether sensory priming with a motor intervention results in improved upper limb motor impairment or function after stroke. PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, and EMBASE were the databases used to search the literature in July 2020. This scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and recommendations for the Cochrane collaboration. In total, 30 studies were included in the analysis: three studies examined TFD, 16 examined PNS/SES, 10 studied vibration, and one combined the three stimulation techniques. Most studies reported significant improvements for participants receiving sensory priming. Given the low risk, it may be advantageous to use sensory-based priming prior to or concurrent with upper limb training after stroke.

scholarly journals Trapped Between Two Pandemics: Domestic Violence Cases Under COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110221
Author(s):  
Endurance Uzobo ◽  
Aboluwaji D Ayinmoro
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biomed Central ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Background As it is common with the most devastating events in the world, women always seem to be at the most disadvantage position. This situation manifested during the period of COVID-19 lockdown throughout the world and Africa in particular. The purpose of this study is to explore Domestic Violence (DV) cases in African during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods Data for this study were gleaned from an electronic literature search using various databases PubMed and BioMed Central, Web of Science, etc. Key search words were gender DV during and after COVID-19. A total of 68 records were identified during the search. However, only 46 of these sources met the inclusion criteria. Results From the review done in selected African countries which include Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana and Zimbabwe; it was discovered that COVID-19 lockdown across these countries worsens the already existing cases of DV. The study also noted that generally, the response of the government has been very poor in terms of dealing with DV cases in the period of COVID-19 lockdown. Conclusion The study concluded that despite the failures of government in tackling the DV pandemics, NGOs have been very active in championing the cause of those violated while also trying to provide succour to victims. Thus, the study recommended that countries in Africa need to join international initiatives in prioritising DV cases while trying to deal with the virus itself. Thus, one disease should not be traded for another.

An extended review of couple-centred interventions in dementia: Exploring the what and why — Part B

Dementia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2450-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therése Bielsten ◽  
Ingrid Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
As Relationship ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Extended Review

This scoping review is an extended version of a narrative review of couple-centred interventions in dementia shared in part A and the previous publication in this edition. The rationale for expanding study A emerged through the fact that most dyadic interventions have samples consisting of a majority of couples. The exclusion of interventions with samples of mixed relationships in part A therefore contributed to a narrow picture of joint dyadic interventions for couples in which one partner has a dementia. The aim of this second review is to explore the ‘what’ (types of interventions) and the ‘why’ (objectives and outcome measures) of dyadic interventions in which sample consists of a majority of couples/spouses and in which people with dementia and caregivers jointly participate. Method A five-step framework for scoping reviews guided the procedure. Searches were performed in Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results Twenty-one studies with various types of psychosocial interventions were included. The main outcome measure for people with dementia was related to cognitive function, respectively caregiver burden and depression for caregivers. Conclusions The findings of this extended review of joint dyadic interventions in dementia are in line with the findings of part A regarding the negative approach of outcomes, lack of a genuine dyadic approach, lack of tailored support, neglect of interpersonal issues and the overlook of the views of people with dementia. This review also recognises that measures of caregiver burden, as well as relationship quality should be considered in samples of mixed relationships due to the different significance of burden and relationship quality for a spouse as opposed to an adult child or friend.

A Review of the Benefits and Barriers to Postsecondary Education for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 002246692110133
Author(s):  
Chung Eun Lee ◽  
Julie Lounds Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Program Engagement

Postsecondary educational programs (PSEs) are increasingly an option for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). This scoping review synthesized research to understand the impacts of these programs for students with IDD and for campus, and barriers to these programs across stages of engagement (exploration, participation, completion). Studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science databases and reference lists of included articles. Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria. Multiple benefits were identified for students with IDD and campus. Persistent barriers across all stages of program engagement included lack of funding and lack of collaboration. Barriers specific to stages included lack of knowledge, options, individualized support, integration into campus, and transportation. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Physiological markers and multimorbidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2235042X1880698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Dias Ferreira ◽  
José Augusto Simões ◽  
Chamara Senaratna ◽  
Sanghamitra Pati ◽  
Pierre Fernando Timm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Initial Focus

Background: Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of two or more diseases in the same individual. One method to identify this condition at an early stage is the use of specific markers for various combinations of morbidities. Nonetheless, evidence related to physiological markers in multimorbidity is limited. Objective: The aim was to perform a systematic review to identify physiological markers associated with multimorbidity. Design: Articles available on PubMed, Register of Controlled Trials, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Scopus, SocINDEX, Web of Science, LILACS, and SciELO, from their inception to May 2018, were systematically searched and reviewed. The project was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42017055522. Results: The systematic search identified 922 papers. After evaluation, 18 articles were included in the full review reporting at least one physiological marker in coexisting diseases or which are strongly associated with the presence of multimorbidity in the future. Only five of these studies examined multimorbidity in general, identifying five physiological markers associated with multimorbidity, namely, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), lipoprotein (Lp), and cystatin C (Cyst-C). Conclusions: There is a paucity of studies related to physiological markers in multimorbidity. DHEAS, IL-6, CRP, Lp, and Cyst-C could be the initial focus for further investigation of physiological markers related to multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Problemas de coagulação em adultos com síndroma respiratório agudo grave devido a infeção por coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): uma revisão abrangente

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-434
Author(s):  
Susana Pereira Costa ◽  
◽  
Inês Lopes Antunes ◽  
Ana Margarida Gomes ◽  
Cláudia Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objetivos: Resumir as informações publicadas acerca dos problemas de coagulação em adultos com SARS-CoV-2, incluindo características, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e resposta ao uso profilático ou terapêutico de anticoagulantes ou antiagregantes plaquetários. Métodos: Realizada uma revisão abrangente, de acordo com as guidelines Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines on Scoping Reviews e Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review guidelines (PRISMA-ScR). Efetuada pesquisa nas bases de dados MEDLINE®, SciELO® e Web of Science® entre 1 e 2 de maio de 2020. A seleção dos artigos foi dividida em etapas sequenciais considerando: título, resumo e artigo integral. Em cada etapa os artigos foram aceites ou rejeitados tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foi feito o mapeamento dos dados e a evidência relevante foi sumarizada. Resultados: Após seleção obtiveram-se 106 artigos. Destes, 36 correspondiam a cartas, 28 a estudos originais, 25 a revisões e 14 a relatos de caso; uma meta-análise, um comentário e um consenso também foram incluídos. Os resultados mostraram associação entre COVID-19 e complicações trombóticas, embora com diferentes tipos de eventos e taxas de frequência. A tríade inflamação, disfunção endotelial e coagulopatia parecem estar subjacentes às alterações fisiopatológicas. As técnicas laboratoriais e de imagem podem ser úteis para uma intervenção adequada. A profilaxia com anticoagulantes parentéricos, preferencialmente heparina de baixo peso molecular (HBPM) em dose intermédia, entre as comummente utilizadas para profilaxia ou tratamento, está indicada em pacientes hospitalizados, especialmente com doença grave. Deve ser mantida por um período variável após a alta, dependendo do doente. A anticoagulação terapêutica parece não diferir de outras situações previamente conhecidas. Conclusões: Várias incertezas persistem na abordagem dos problemas da coagulação em pacientes com infeção por SARS-CoV-2. As informações existentes dizem respeito principalmente ao contexto hospitalar e têm origem em fontes pouco robustas. Assim, são necessários ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e controlados para sustentar as decisões clínicas em todos os estadios.

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