scholarly journals Economic impact of 30km/h - Benefits and Costs of Speeds in an urban environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Neki ◽  
Milly Lumumba ◽  
Sudeshna Mitra ◽  
Soames Job
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Speed has fundamental economic costs which are hidden for many stakeholders. On the other hand, the economic benefits of speed are highly visible and strongly promoted by benefiting stakeholders and indeed carefully considered in cost-benefit assessments by road operating agencies. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to explore and present the benefits and costs of low speed roads in urban environments.

scholarly journals Biological Tools to Deal with Pollution : Selected Advances and Novel Perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽  
Besma Boubertakh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environment And Public Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

Pollution  represents  a  problem  common  to economy and  public  health. Indeed, the public health, because of the  divers’  type of pollutions, is facing divers challenges for which urgent solutions are required.The biology provides approaches not only to deal with the pollution, but also to  obtain  economic  benefits. Some living  organisms  have  particular metabolisms  that allow  them  to  assimilate  and  metabolite  the polluting agents  and thus reduce the  impact  they have on both environment  and public health.  On  the other  hand,  the  metabolic  properties  of  specific organisms make  the  polluting  elements raw materials to  synthesize  other elements that are benefits  for  economy  and  non-toxic  for  the  ecology and  the  biohealth. Yet, other options such as the regulations and laws are  required  to improve the efficiency of these approaches.

scholarly journals A Critical Assessment on the Indonesian Free Visa Policy: a Neorealist Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Andry Indrady
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Immigration Control ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Visa Policy ◽  
The Ideal

This paper discusses the implementation of free visa policy in Indonesia from a neorealist perspective. By utilizing the perspective of interdependence sovereignty and domestic sovereignty, this paper critically assesses the implementation of the free visa policy in Indonesia. From the interdependence sovereignty perspective, which elaborates the economic benefits, reciprocal and security approaches the paper finds that the free visa policy in Indonesia has yet to formulate a rational and objective policy that would lead to potential security – order threat. On the other hand, from the domestic sovereignty perspective the paper finds that although the state performs its immigration control capabilities effectively, however the said immigration control measures are implemented at a rather repressive level, instead of at the ideal prevention level. In the end, the paper suggests further research that fills the gap from findings on the specific methods to enhance the state’s capability in managing challenges posed by the free visa policy in more detail, as well as providing a method to measure public perception on the performance of immigration control.

6. The why of creativity

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
Vlad Glăveanu
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Creative Expression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Different Levels

This chapter addresses why people engage in creativity. This question can be answered at different levels. On the one hand, one can refer to what motivates creative people to do what they do. On the other hand, the question addresses a deeper level, that of how societies today are built and how they, in turn, construct the meaning and value of creativity. Nowadays, people consider creativity intrinsically valuable largely because of its direct and indirect economic benefits. However, creative expression also has a role for health and well-being. Creativity also relates to meaning in life. The chapter then considers how creativity can be used for good or for evil.

scholarly journals Economic benefits and treatment progress as determinants of the sustainability of Vietnamese voluntary co-located patients clusters

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Level ◽  
Economic Reason ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Benefits

<em>Background</em>. Over the past 15 years or so, in Vietnam, a phenomenon has steadily grown more and more widespread: the forming of co-located patients communities. Poor patients choose to live together, seeking/lending supports from/to one another. Despite the undeniable existence of these communities, little is researched or known about how co-located patients perceive the value of what they receive as cluster members, or how they assess their future connection to the communities they are living in. <br /><em>Materials and Methods.</em> The study employs multiple logistic regressions method to investigate relationships between factors such as perceived satisfaction from community-provided financial means, reported health improvements, along with patients’ shortand longer-term commitments to these communities. <br /><em>Results</em>. The results suggest meaningful empirical relationships: 1) between, on one hand, gender, perceived values and sustainability of patients communities, financial stress faced by patients and the financial benefits they received from the community, and, on the other hand, their propensity to stay connected to it; and 2) between economic conditions, length of stay with a community, general level of satisfaction, health improvements on one hand and long-term commitment to these communities on the other hand. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>. Patients who choose to stick to co-location clusters do so for an economic reason: finding means to fight their financial hardship. This may suggest a degree of complication higher than one would have thought in dealing with poor patients from a social point of view. Concretely, the majority of the public only focuses on charity programs and in-king donations, while ignoring the more sustainable – and, at the same time, more complicated – alternative which is to create suitable income-generating jobs for patient. In addition, patients are not only those who seek to ask for supports but can potentially be the donors contributing to the sustainability of those voluntary communities.

scholarly journals The Nature of the Original "Firm": A Coasean Cost-Benefit Analysis of Legalizing Prostitution

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Malia Dalesandry
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Religious Perspective ◽  
Legal Perspective

Though there have been many studies of prostitution from the legal perspective, the feminist perspective, the societal perspective, and the moral, ethical, and religious perspective, the current breadth of literature does not include a cost-benefit analysis from which to examine its economic effects. This paper attempts a comprehensive analysis of legalizing prostitution while noting deficiencies in data and recognizing variations when interpreting existing data. The most salient monetary costs and benefits are discussed and calculated, and many others are included for the sake of a more developed examination. After a sensitivity analysis and a brief discussion of how Coase’s theorem may be utilized to determine economic efficiency, the conclusion and final recommendation is that, because economic benefits vastly outweigh economic costs, all states could benefit economically from legalizing prostitution.

scholarly journals Functions of Alternative Punishments to Imprisonment in Reducing the Criminal Population of the State Prisons

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Alireza Milani ◽  
Mehdi Rezaee Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mental Problems ◽  
State Prisons

In accordance with the inefficiency of imprisonment punishments in reforming and rehabilitating the prisoners, also due to the criminal environment of the prisons, economic costs of the prison and damages caused by imprisoning the head of the household, contradiction with the principle of personal punishment, health and mental problems existing and the like, are some of the problems which have created serious challenges for the imprisonment punishments. Hence, attempts for employing other punishments as alternatives to the imprisonment punishment have drawn the attention of various countries and legal systems. Accordingly, today the Iranian criminal policy makers, in line with dis-imprisonment and prohibiting the indiscriminate use of imprisonment punishment have begun to enact a law in which a chapter has been assigned to alternatives of the imprisonment punishment and prediction of a half freedom system. This paper, while introducing and investigating alternative punishments of imprisonment in the Islamic Penal Code of 2013 concludes that not only is transparent and clear rules and regulations necessary in this area, but also a successful enforcement of these laws requires an appropriate culture building in the society. On the other hand, the issue of alternatives should be institutionalized among the judges.

scholarly journals Research into the Socio-Economic Impact of Resource Development in Northern Canada Priorities and Strategies of Interest Groups

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Scott Macdonald ◽  
Norman Giesbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Native People ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

An examination of different interest groups (e.g. government, natives and industry) in Canada's north indicates that each group utilizes divergent strategies to research the socio-economic impact of rapid economic development. Furthermore, strategies and outcomes of research by each group generally reflect their priorities. On one extreme, studies sponsored by industry tend to downplay negative social impacts and stress positive economic gains from development. On the other extreme, the native people stress the social disruption of their traditional lifestyles and minimal economic benefits to be gained from development. The federal and provincial (Ontario) governments, in attaching priorities to different interest groups, have tended to implement the views of the majority of the population—those that benefit from the economic aspects of the development. Accordingly, negative social consequences related to northern resource development have only received cursory attention.

Retrofitting Fossil Power Plants for Increased Flexibility

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Kumar ◽  
Sundar Venkataraman ◽  
Debra Lew ◽  
Greg Brinkman ◽  
David Palchak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
North America ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Renewable Generation ◽  
Operational Flexibility ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wear And Tear

Increased renewable generation on the grid along with market deregulation has resulted in a significant increase in the cycling of coal and gas-fired power plant. This increase in cycling will result in increased wear-and-tear costs for units that were not traditionally designed for cycling. Asset owners can make operational changes to mitigate the wear-and-tear impact or alternatively retrofit existing units for improved flexibility. With retrofits, these plants can provide increased operational flexibility, or in other words cycle more, but this comes at an initial cost. On the other hand, increased flexibility in terms of faster starts, better turndowns and ramp rates also provides opportunity for the asset owners to recover their costs in the market. This paper evaluates the operational, as well as cost-benefit of retrofitting power plants for flexibility using a portfolio of generation resources in North America.

scholarly journals Some Economic Benefits and Costs of Vegetarianism

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayson L. Lusk ◽  
F. Bailey Norwood
Keyword(s):  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Corn Prices ◽  
Demand Shifts ◽  
Activist Groups ◽  
Benefits And Costs

It is now fashionable in many circles to advocate vegetarianism, and many activist groups are vocal in their aim to convert the human race to vegetarians. What would be the economic costs and benefits of a shift away from meat consumption? In this article we provide some partial answers to this question. In three separate analyses we show (i) that it is much more costly to produce energy and protein from animal-based sources than from some plant-based sources, (ii) that sizable demand shifts away from meat consumption would result in significantly lower corn prices and production, and (iii) that the average U.S. consumer places a higher value on having meat in his or her diet than having any other food group. This information should help move forward our understanding of the economics of vegetarianism and provide an objective stance from which to evaluate the claims being made by advocates of vegetarianism.

The Antebellum Money Market and the Economic Impact of the Bank War: A Comment

1979 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Curran ◽  
Jack Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Money Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Macroeconomic Theory ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact

In an earlier issue of this Journal, M. E. Sushka criticized the methodology of such “revisionists” as Peter Temin in their evaluation of the impact of the Bank War on the Jacksonian economy. Sushka characterizes the work of the revisionists as the “use of descriptive statistical tools in an attempt to analyze developments empirically.” Sushka, on the other hand, applies “modern econometric techniques” to “an economic framework drawn from contemporary monetary and macroeconomic theory.”

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