Material Analysis Supporting Cement Industry Muara Dua Area South Oku Regency South Sumatera

Material cement industry are mostly formed by carbonate and silica. Geology of Muara Dua area was contain those material used in cement industry. Mineralogy of carbonate this area mostly formed by Calcium (Ca) contained on Calcite (CaCO3), Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) while Silica, Alumina, Iron Oxide element found as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO on rock. Research area mostly generated by tectonically complex where the sedimentation mostly controlled the existence of material using in cement industry. Three analysis method were conducted which are Geological Mapping to describe macro petrology, Petrography analysis to determine mineralogy microscopic and Geochemical method using XRF to identified chemical mineralogy of rock. Limestone is one of lithology unit that develop on research area where known as Packstone to Wackestone (Petrography) while "Calcitic Limestone” to “Marly Limestone” classification from Geochemical analysis (XRF). Another material such as Silica and trass material are definitely found on this research area to support cement industry. Element for support cement industry that exist on Muara Dua area formed due to sedimentation process that effected by tectonic and volcanic.

Download Full-text

Identification of Geothermal Potential Based on Fault Fracture Density (FFD), Geological Mapping and Geochemical Analysis, Case Study : Bantarkawung, Brebes, Central Java

KnE Energy ◽

10.18502/ken.v2i2.369 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 141

Author(s):

Oktoberiman . ◽

Dimas Aji Ramadhan P ◽

Fajar Rizki W ◽

Rizal Tawakal A

Keyword(s):

Alternative Energy ◽

Hot Springs ◽

Major Ions ◽

Research Area ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Hot Water ◽

Geothermal System ◽

Geochemical Analysis ◽

Fracture Density ◽

Geothermal Potential

Insufficient of conventional energy production today in Indonesia, encouraging all elements to discover an alternative energy. Geothermal is one of big potential alternative energy in Indonesia regarding the conditon of geological setting in Indonesia which has 129 active volcanoes. Bantarkawung is located in the western of Mount Slamet where hot spring occured as geothermal manifestation. This indicate geothermal potential in that area. This research is aimed to identify geothermal potential that lies in bantarkawung using Fault Fracture Density (FFD), Geological Mapping and Geochemical analysis. Based on FFD analysis known that anomaly area is located at central and northeast of research area, and based on geological mapping known that area composed by mudstone unit and sandstone unit, water temperature of research area is 43 °C to 62 °C, by using geochemical analysis of major ions HCO3-,Cl-,S042- known that the type of hot water is bicarbonate water which characterized as an outflow zone of geothermal system. Keywords: Bantarkawung; FFD; geochemichal analysis; geothermal; hot springs

Download Full-text

DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN KERAMBA JARING APUNG PADA PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN KERAPU BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL EKONOMI

Jurnal KIRANA ◽

10.19184/jkrn.v1i1.20310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Lenny Widjayanthi ◽

Yeni Anggun Widayanti

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Social Impact ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

Research Area ◽

Selling Price ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Depth Interview ◽

The Social ◽

Net Cages

Grouper fish is a type of reef fish that is exported as a commodity to various countries such as Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore and China. Grouper fish can be cultivated using floating net cages and have a high selling price (high profit) but also have a high risk (high risk), thus affecting the market and the number of grouper aquaculture. The purpose of this research is to determine the socioeconomic impact of the use of floating net on grouper farmers. The determination of the research area was carried out deliberately in Situbondo Regency. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach. Data collection is done by observation and depth interview. The informants of the research were determined intentionally, namely grouper fish farmers who do aquaculture with floating net cages. The data analysis method uses Milles and Huberman. The results showed that the use of floating nets for grouper culture had social and economic impacts. The social impact on grouper farmers is the formation of grouper farmers, thus creating a social network in the form of interaction between farmers; construction of supporting facilities for the development of aquaculture businesses but also raises social prejudices between farmers because of frequent theft of fish in floating nets. While the economic impact is based on increasing grouper production which has a direct impact on the income of grouper farmers. Keywords : Floating net, grouper fish farmers, socio-economic impacts

Download Full-text

Rare Campanian Echinoids from Höver and Misburg (Hannover Area, Lower Saxony, Germany)

Fossil Record ◽

10.5194/fr-5-121-2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 121-139

Author(s):

C. Neumann ◽

J. W. M. Jagt ◽

R. W.J. M. van der Ham

Keyword(s):

Cement Industry ◽

Northern Germany ◽

Lower Saxony ◽

The Caucasus ◽

Lower Saxony Basin ◽

New Material ◽

The Rich ◽

Marly Limestone ◽

Lower Campanian ◽

Upper Campanian

Amongst the rich and fairly diverse echinoid faunas from the Campanian marl/marly limestone facies as exposed at the large quarries of the cement industry near Höver and Misburg (east of Hannover, northern Germany), there are a few rare taxa, most of which have not been recorded previously from the Lower Saxony Basin. These include Echinogalerus peltiformis (Wahlenberg, 1821), Conulus (C.) matesovi Poslavskaia & Moskvin in Moskvin 1959, Hagenowia blackmorei Wright & Wright, 1949, Diplodetus sp., and Peroniaster cotteaui Gauthier in Peron 1887. New material of another rare species, Hemiaster gr. aquisgranensis Schlüter, 1899, is here described. The palaeoecological significance of the rarity of these is briefly discussed. Of particular note, in a palaeobiogeographic context, are E. peltiformis and C. matesovi. The former is well known from Lower and Upper Campanian arenitic facies in southern Sweden, while the latter was held to be confined to the Lower Campanian of the Caucasus and Kazakhstan. These two species may have immigrated into the Lower Saxony Basin following transgressive pulses or within transgressive systems tracts. Die reiche und vergleichsweise diverse Echinidenfauna der Mergel/Mergelkalk-Rhythmite des Campans von Misburg und Höver bei Hannover enthält einige seltene Taxa, die bisher aus dem Niedersächsischen Becken nicht bekannt waren. Dazu gehören Echinogalerus peltiformis (Wahlenberg, 1821), Conulus (C.) matesovi Poslavskaia & Moskvin in Moskvin 1959, Hagenowia blackmorei Wright & Wright, 1949, Diplodetus sp. und Peroniaster cotteaui Gauthier in Peron 1887. Für eine weitere Art, Hemiaster gr. aquisgranensis Schlüter, 1899, werden neue Funde beschrieben. Die paläoökologische Bedeutung der Seltenheit der vorliegenden Taxa wird diskutiert. Als besonders bedeutsam erweisen sich dabei die Vorkommen von E. peltiformis und C. matesovi. Ersterer war bisher ausschließlich aus den küstennahen Kalkareniten Südschwedens bekannt, letzterer wurde bisher nur im Untercampan des Kaukasus und von Asserbaidschan und Kasachstan nachgewiesen. Beide Arten sind wahrscheinlich im Rahmen transgressiver Schübe dritter Ordnung in das Niedersächsische Becken eingewandert. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.20020050109" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.20020050109</a>

Download Full-text

NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF TUNNEL PORTAL SLOPE STABILITY AT BAGONG DAM SITE, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA

Journal of Applied Geology ◽

10.22146/jag.57044 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Irien Akinina Fatkhiandari ◽

I Gde Budi Indrawan, Dr.

Keyword(s):

Slope Stability ◽

Research Area ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Residual Soil ◽

Volcanic Breccia ◽

Earthquake Load ◽

Dam Site ◽

Tunnel Portal

Geometries of excavated tunnel portal slopes at Bagong Dam site was initially designed without taking into account earthquake load. The excavated slope designs also assumed the rocks consisting the slopes were homogenous. The purpose of this research was to evaluate stability of the excavated tunnel inlet and outlet slopes at the Bagong Dam site under static and earthquake loads using finite element method. Stability of the natural slopes was also analyzed for comparison. The numerical static and pseudostatic analyses of slope stability were carried out using RS2 software (Rocscience, Inc.). Input data used in the numerical analyses were obtained from engineering geological mapping, rock core analyses, and laboratory tests. Seismic coefficient applied in the pseudostatic slope stability analyses was determined following guideline described in Indonesian National Standard. The engineering geological mapping and evaluation of rock cores indicated that the inlet tunnel slope consisted of four types of materials, namely residual soil, poor quality of volcanic breccia, very poor quality of volcanic breccia, and good quality of volcanic breccia. The outlet portal slope consisted of six types of materials, namely residual soil, very poor quality of limestone, poor quality of limestone, very poor quality of volcanic breccia, poor quality breccia, and good quality breccia. Based on the secondary elastic wave velocity (Vs) values, the rock masses in the research area were classified as hard rock (SA). Seismic analyses based on the earthquake hazard source map with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years provided by the National Earthquake Center (2017) indicated that the PGA and the corresponding amplification factor FPGA in the research area were 0.3 and 0.8, respectively. The calculated seismic coefficient for the pseudostatic slope stability analyses was 0.12. The numerical analysis results showed that, in general, earthquake load reduced critical Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) values of the slopes. However, the natural and excavated tunnel portal slopes were relatively stable under static and earthquake loads. The natural slope at the tunnel inlet with a 40° inclination had critical SRF value of 4.0, while that of at the tunnel outlet with a 51° inclination had critical SRF value of 2.6. Under static load, the excavated slopes at the tunnel inlet and outlet having a 45° inclination had critical SRF values of 2.4 and 5.0, respectively. Under earthquake load, the excavated slopes at the tunnel inlet and outlet had critical SRF values of 2.3 and 3.5, respectively.

Download Full-text

Twenty Years of Entropy Research: A Bibliometric Overview

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e21070694 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 694 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Weishu Li ◽

Yuxiu Zhao ◽

Qi Wang ◽

Jian Zhou

Keyword(s):

Web Of Science ◽

Research Area ◽

Multiscale Entropy ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Citation Networks ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Research Areas ◽

Information Studies ◽

20Th Anniversary ◽

Research Domain

Entropy, founded in 1999, is an emerging international journal in the field of entropy and information studies. In the year of 2018, the journal enjoyed its 20th anniversary, and therefore, it is quite reasonable and meaningful to conduct a retrospective as its birthday gift. In accordance with Entropy’s distinctive name and research area, this paper creatively provides a bibliometric analysis method to not only look back at the vicissitude of the entire entropy topic, but also witness the journal’s growth and influence during this process. Based on 123,063 records extracted from the Web of Science, the work in sequence analyzes publication outputs, high-cited literature, and reference co-citation networks, in the aspects of the topic and the journal, respectively. The results indicate that the topic now has become a tremendous research domain and is still roaring ahead with great potentiality, widely researched by different kinds of disciplines. The most significant hotspots so far are suggested as the theoretical or practical innovation of graph entropy, permutation entropy, and pseudo-additive entropy. Furthermore, with the rapid growth in recent years, Entropy has attracted many dominant authors of the topic and experiences a distinctive geographical publication distribution. More importantly, in the midst of the topic, the journal has made enormous contributions to major research areas, particularly being a spear head in the studies of multiscale entropy and permutation entropy.

Download Full-text

Engineering Geology of Sidosari Area, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia

Journal of Applied Geology ◽

10.22146/jag.30254 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Diyaning Ratri ◽

I Gde Budi Indrawan

Keyword(s):

Surface Engineering ◽

Research Area ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Controlling Factor ◽

Susceptibility Map ◽

Residual Soils ◽

Engineering Geological Mapping ◽

Groundwater Seepage ◽

Geological Conditions

Development of settlement area in Sidosari area and the surroundings requires complete understanding of the engineering geological conditions, including susceptibility to landslides, to prevent damaged properties and loss of lives. Surface engineering geological mapping at a 1:25000 scale was conducted to develop a detailed landslide susceptibility map for spatial planning and to identify most controlling factor of landslides in the research area based on conditions of geomorphology, rock and soil, geological structure, groundwater seepage, and land use. The engineering geological mapping showed that landslides commonly occurred in the moderate slopes of the denudational hill landform having slope inclination ranging from 9 to 17°, in the areas covered by residual soils of the vitric tuff 2 unit, in the areas of no groundwater seepage, and in the settlement areas, including in Kranjang Lor area where soil creeping occurred. The high susceptibility zone covered 55.5 % of the research area and was characterized by having slope inclinations ranging from 9 to 35°, engineering geological units of vitric tuff 2 and tuff breccia, and land uses of rice and dry ﬁelds and settlement. The low cohesion and very high swelling potential of the residual soils of the vitric tuff 2 unit were considered to be the main controlling factor of landslides in the research area.

Download Full-text

A Robust Data Envelopment Analysis Method with Bounded Data for Ranking Operations Strategies

International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences ◽

10.4018/ijsds.2015070104 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 49-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohamad Amin Kaviani ◽

Mehdi Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Data Envelopment Analysis ◽

Cement Industry ◽

Data Envelopment ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Interval Numbers ◽

Complete Ranking ◽

Bounded Data ◽

Decision Making Units

This paper introduces a new robust data envelopment analysis (RDEA) approach for analyzing and ranking the organizations' operations strategies. In the proposed RDEA method, pessimistic and optimistic efficiencies of decision making units (DMUs) obtained from the robust counterpart of the envelopment form and the optimistic counterpart of the multiplier form of DEA are introduced. The inputs and outputs data are assumed to be bounded data (interval numbers) in the proposed models. A case study in the cement industry is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed RDEA approach. The results obtained from the authors' proposed RDEA approach is more robust and their method provides a more complete ranking of the DMUs compared to conventional Likert-based DEA model.

Download Full-text

Geological Mapping and Characterization of Possible Primary Input Materials for the Mineral Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide in Europe

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min9080485 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 485 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dario Kremer ◽

Simon Etzold ◽

Judith Boldt ◽

Peter Blaum ◽

Klaus M. Hahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnesium Silicate ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Cement Industry ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Primary Input ◽

X Ray ◽

Mineral Sequestration ◽

Carbonation Process ◽

Selection Of

This work investigates the possible mineral input materials for the process of mineral sequestration through the carbonation of magnesium or calcium silicates under high pressure and high temperatures in an autoclave. The choice of input materials that are covered by this study represents more than 50% of the global peridotite production. Reaction products are amorphous silica and magnesite or calcite, respectively. Potential sources of magnesium silicate containing materials in Europe have been investigated in regards to their availability and capability for the process and their harmlessness concerning asbestos content. Therefore, characterization by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and QEMSCAN® was performed to gather information before the selection of specific material for the mineral sequestration. The objective of the following carbonation is the storage of a maximum amount of CO2 and the utilization of products as pozzolanic material or as fillers for the cement industry, which substantially contributes to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The characterization of the potential mineral resources for mineral sequestration in Europe with a focus on the forsterite content led to a selection of specific input materials for the carbonation tests. The mineralogical analysis of an Italian olivine sample before and after the carbonation process states the reasons for the performed evaluation. The given data serves as an example of the input material suitability of all the collected mineral samples. Additionally, the possible conversion of natural asbestos occurring in minerals as a side effect of the carbonation process is taken into consideration.

Download Full-text

Separation of Products from Mineral Sequestration of CO2 with Primary and Secondary Raw Materials

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10121098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1098

Author(s):

Dario Kremer ◽

Hermann Wotruba

Keyword(s):

Amorphous Silica ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Exothermic Reaction ◽

Value Added ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Cement Industry ◽

Gas Streams ◽

Pozzolanic Material ◽

Reduce Emissions

Rising levels of greenhouse gases (GHG) in our atmosphere make it necessary to find pathways to reduce the amount of GHG, especially emissions of CO2. One approach is carbon capture and utilization by mineralization (CCUM). With this technology, it is possible to bind CO2 chemically from exhaust gas streams in magnesium or calcium silicates. Stable products of this exothermic reaction are carbonates and amorphous silica. Being amongst the biggest emitters of CO2, the cement industry has to find ways to reduce emissions. Geological mapping in Europe has been carried out to find suitable feedstock material, mainly olivines but also slags, to perform lab‑scale carbonation tests. These tests, conducted in a 1.5 L autoclave with increased pressure and temperature, have been scaled up to a 10 L and a 1000 L autoclave. The outcomes of the carbonation are unreacted feed material, carbonate, and amorphous silica, which have to be separated to produce substitutes for the cement industry as pozzolanic material (amorphous silica) or a value‑added product for other applications like paper or plastics (magnesite/calcite with bound anthropogenic CO2). Therefore, a process for the separation of ultrafine carbonation product was developed, consisting mainly of classification and flotation.

Download Full-text

Remote Sensing Aplication and Geochemical Studies for Hydrocarbon-Induced Alterations Discoveries in Western Kendeng Zone

Proc. Indon. Petrol. Assoc., Digital Technical Conference, 2020 ◽

10.29118/ipa20-sg-376 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

F., R. Maulana

Keyword(s):

Xrd Analysis ◽

Research Area ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Test Results ◽

Iron Sulfides ◽

The South ◽

The West

The development of satellite imaging technology that has spectral capability has the potential to be utilized in hydrocarbon exploration. The presence of hydrocarbons can be detected through spectral recording of hydrocarbon seepage. Over a long period, hydrocarbon seepage will change the chemical structure and mineralogy of the surrounding soil and rocks, so that it will cause spectral anomalies that are key to the existence of active hydrocarbons and petroleum systems. The West Kendeng zone was chosen as a research location because several hydrocarbon seepage sites were found to contain, either oil or gas in the area. Based on hydrocarbon seepage spectral theory, Landsat 8 imagery has a wavelength spectrum capability that is sensitive to the anomalous object of hydrocarbon seepage. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the distribution of hydrocarbon seepage areas in the West Kendeng zone by using Landsat 8 imagery. In addition to using Landsat 8, to strengthen the research results a surface geological mapping process was also carried out at the seepage location. Then the samples obtained were analyzed by XRD and XRF. XRD analysis was carried out to determine the types of minerals that became an anomaly around the seepage location. In addition, the XRF analysis is carried out to determine the chemical composition of rocks that have undergone alteration. Based on the results of Landsat 8 data calibration, an altered rock which is an anomaly of hydrocarbon seepage is found in the south and southwest of the study site. These results are confirmed by the location of the discovery of several points of seepage of hydrocarbons in the research area. The XRD test results also showed anomalous clay mineral content in the form of halloysite, albite, and augite in the southwest and south of the study site. Besides this anomaly, magnetite and pyrite were also found at that location. While the XRF test results from the sample also showed the presence of Fe2O3 element at 9.21% and CaO at 7.42% in the south and southwest of the study location. This indicates a reaction between hydrocarbons and rocks that affect the acidity conditions around them, so they will form clay minerals, iron oxides, and iron sulfides. Therefore, based on Landsat 8 image analysis, XRD, and XRF, a hydrocarbon seepage distribution area accumulated in the Bancak, Boto, Wonokerto, and Nyemoh areas in the Semarang Regency.

Download Full-text