scholarly journals The effect of surgery on the levels of matrix metalloproteinases in patients with inguinal hernia

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-634
Author(s):  
Sabina Strohalmová ◽  
Kateřina Levová ◽  
Aleš Antonín Kuběna ◽  
Zdeněk Krška ◽  
David Hoskovec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Circulating Levels

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with the alteration of extracellular matrix. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the levels of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors – TIMPs are influenced by the presence of inguinal hernia as well as by its surgical treatment. The studied group consisted of 25 patients with inguinal hernia and 21 healthy controls for comparison. Two blood samples - before and after the treatment were collected from patients. Serum concentrations of MMPs and TIMPs were analysed by multiplex immunoassays. There was a difference in circulating levels of MMPs in patients before the surgery compared to healthy controls – the concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly lower (p=0.026, p=0.018, respectively). After the surgery, the levels of MMPs, especially MMP-2 (p<0.0001), were significantly decreased in patients compared to the preoperative values, apart from MMP 9. On the contrary, MMP-9 showed significant increase after the surgery (p<0.0001). Circulation levels of TIMP-2 in patients were significantly decreased in comparison with controls (p=0.004), whereas levels of TIMP-1 were similar to controls. Both tested metalloproteinase inhibitors showed a significant decrease in detected levels (TIMP-1 p=0.0004; TIMP-2 p<0.0001) after the procedure compared to the preoperative values. The levels of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 are involved by the presence of inguinal hernia as well as are influenced by the surgery.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Neuropeptides in Cows with Left Abomasal Displacement

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Marlene Sickinger ◽  
Joachim Roth ◽  
Klaus Failing ◽  
Axel Wehrend
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Breed Difference ◽  
Abomasal Displacement

Abomasal displacement (AD) to the left is a common disease in high-yielding dairy cows after parturition. In view of the previously reported changes in tissue neuropeptide concentrations in cows with AD, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AD and breed on serum neuropeptide concentrations. For this purpose, blood samples of 33 German Holstein (GH) cows with AD, 36 healthy controls (GH), and 32 healthy German Fleckvieh (GF) cows were collected, and concentrations of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and interleukin1β (IL-1β) were measured via commercially available ELISA kits. To examine the effect of AD, we compared GH cows with and without AD and observed no significant effects of AD on SP, VIP, or Il-1 β concentrations. To evaluate the effect of breed, we compared healthy GH with healthy GF cows and detected markedly higher VIP serum levels in the healthy GF cows (p < 0.01). No significant differences in SP or IL-1β were detected. According to our results, there seems to be no effect of AD on the serum concentrations of SP, VIP, or IL-1 β. In contrast, there seems to be a breed difference concerning serum VIP concentrations.

scholarly journals Leukocyte Gene Expression in Patients with Medication Refractory Depression before and after Treatment with ECT or Isoflurane Anesthesia: A Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Iacob ◽  
S. C. Tadler ◽  
K. C. Light ◽  
H. R. Weeks ◽  
K. W. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Refractory Depression ◽  
Isoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Open Label Trial ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Objective. To evaluate leukocyte gene expression for 9 selected genes (mRNAs) as biological markers in patients with medication refractory depression before and after treatment with ECT or isoflurane anesthesia (ISO).Methods. In a substudy of a nonrandomized open-label trial comparing effects of ECT to ISO therapy, blood samples were obtained before and after treatment from 22 patients with refractory depression, and leukocyte mRNA was assessed by quantitative PCR. Patients’ mRNAs were also compared to 17 healthy controls.Results. Relative to controls, patients before treatment showed significantly higher IL10 and DBI and lower ADRA2A and ASIC3 mRNA (P<0.025). Both ECT and ISO induced significant decreases after treatment in 4 genes: IL10, NR3C1, DRD4, and Sult1A1. After treatment, patients’ DBI, ASIC3, and ADRA2A mRNA remained dysregulated.Conclusion. Significant differences from controls and/or significant changes after ECT or ISO treatment were observed for 7 of the 9 mRNAs studied. Decreased expression of 4 genes after effective treatment with either ECT or ISO suggests possible overlap of underlying mechanisms. Three genes showing dysregulation before and after treatment may be trait-like biomarkers of medication refractory depression. Gene expression for these patients has the potential to facilitate diagnosis, clarify pathophysiology, and identify potential biomarkers for treatment effects.

Antagonism of serum tri-iodothyronine changes after injections of prolactin in the domestic fowl before and after hatching

1983 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kühn ◽  
E. Decuypere ◽  
K. Hemschoote ◽  
L. Berghman ◽  
J. Paulussen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thyroid Metabolism ◽  
Ovine Prolactin ◽  
Circulating Levels

The influence of an intravenous injection of ovine prolactin on circulating levels of thyroid hormones was studied in Rhode Island Red embryos and chicks after hatching. In the chick embryo, 2 h after injection of 0·1 μg prolactin (on incubation day 19), serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) increased threefold; after 10 or 100 μg prolactin (on incubation day 18) serum T3 increased 15- to 25-fold. These profound increases were not observed in chicks after hatching. Serum concentrations and thyroid content of thyroxine (T4) in embryos and chicks of all ages studied were not influenced by the prolactin injections. Maximal serum concentrations of reverse T3 (rT3) were found on incubation day 18 (110·25 ± 23·36 pmol/l; 71·66 ± 15·18 pg/ml; n = 8), whereas after hatching no rT3 could be detected. An injection of 10 μg prolactin on day 18 depressed serum rT3 after 2 h to 5·68 ± 3·20 pmol/l (3·69 ± 2·08 pg/ml; n = 8; P<0·001); the effect of 100 μg prolactin was less pronounced. After hatching, chronic administration of prolactin resulted in decreased serum levels of T3, but not of T4, and hypertrophy of the follicles in the thyroid gland. It is concluded that prolactin plays a major role in the maturation of embryonic thyroid metabolism by changing the T4-5-monodeiodination into a T4-5′-monodeiodination. The hypertrophy of the thyroid gland observed after hatching following prolonged prolactin administration may be due to decreased negative feedback of T3 on the hypophysis.

scholarly journals Obesity and Circulating Levels of Vitamin D before and after Weight Loss Induced by a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1829
Author(s):  
Silvio Buscemi ◽  
Carola Buscemi ◽  
Davide Corleo ◽  
Giovanni De Pergola ◽  
Rosalia Caldarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Circulating Levels

Background: Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, also influencing bone tissue. Several studies have reported that vitamin D blood levels were significantly lower in people with obesity, probably due to its uptake by the adipose tissue. Clinical studies that investigated the changes of circulating levels of vitamin D following weight loss reported controversial data. A very low-calorie ketogenic diet is acknowledged as a reliable treatment to achieve a rapid weight loss. Therefore, we investigated the effect of weight loss, consequent to a very low-calorie ketogenic diet, on vitamin D blood concentrations. Methods: A cohort of 31 people with obesity underwent a very low-calorie ketogenic diet for 10–12 weeks. The serum concentrations of vitamin D, parathormone, calcium and phosphorous were measured before and after weight loss; they were compared to a control group of 20 non-obese, non-diabetic, age- and gender-matched persons. Results: Patients with obesity had a higher habitual intake of vitamin D than the control group (p < 0.05). However, the vitamin D blood levels of the obese group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.005) and they increased after weight loss (p < 0.001). At baseline, vitamin D blood concentrations of the persons with obesity were significantly correlated with both fat mass–kg (r = −0.40; p < 0.05) and body mass index (r = −0.47; p < 0.01). Following very low-calorie ketogenic diet, the change in vitamin D serum concentrations was correlated only with the change in fat mass–kg (r = −0.43; p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study confirmed that patients with obesity have lower vitamin D levels that normalize after significant weight loss, supporting the hypothesis that vitamin D is stored in the adipose tissue and released following weight loss.

Quantification of Circulating Activated Protein C in Human Plasma by Immunoassays - Enzyme Levels are Proportional to Total Protein C Levels

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (01) ◽  
pp. 056-061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco España ◽  
Isabel Zuazu ◽  
Vicente Vicente ◽  
Amparo Estellés ◽  
Pascual Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Circulating Levels

SummaryWe have developed a simple assay that measures the circulating activated protein C (APC) in plasma. The assay requires collection of duplicate blood samples, one in citrate plus heparin and the other in citrate plus inhibitors of the enzyme. In the heparin tube, APC reacts completely and irreversibly with its major plasma inhibitors, protein C inhibitor (PCI) and α1-antitrypsin (α1AT), and the complexes formed are measured by ELISAs. The amount of circulating APC is calculated from the difference between the total amount of complexed APC (sample in citrate plus heparin) and the amount of APC complexed in vivo (sample in citrate plus inhibitor). Over 95% of the APC added to blood collected with heparin was recovered in the assay. The assay can easily be performed in four hours, and had a detection limit of 0.1 ng/ml APC. The mean APC level in 18 protein C heterozygous members from seven kindreds was significantly lower (0.6 ± 0.3 ng/ml) than in 20 healthy controls (1.1 ± 0.3 ng/ml) (p <0.001), whereas the mean level in 10 non-affected members from the kindreds studied was 1.5 ± 0.3 ng/ml. In the group of 12 nonanticoagulated heterozygous protein C-deficient individuals, the three patients with a history of venous thrombosis had a mean APC level significantly lower than the nine asymptomatic members (p <0.01), both subgroups showing similar protein C levels. There was a significant correlation in all groups between the levels of APC and the levels of protein C antigen (r = 0.758, p <0.0001) and activity (r = 0.745, p <0.0001), which means that APC circulating levels are proportional to protein C levels and suggests that the protein C level is the limiting factor in the rate of protein C activation in vivo.

Long-Term Sexual Functioning in Women After Surgical Treatment of Cervical Cancer Stages IA to IB: A Prospective Controlled Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1527-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leen Aerts ◽  
Paul Enzlin ◽  
Johan Verhaeghe ◽  
Willy Poppe ◽  
Ignace Vergote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Partner Relationship ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

ObjectiveWomen with cervical cancer (CC) may be faced with changes in sexual functioning resulting from the cancer itself and/or its surgical treatment. The aims of this study were to prospectively investigate sexual adjustment of CC patients during a follow-up period of 2 years after radical hysterectomy without adjuvant treatment and to compare the results with women who underwent a hysterectomy for a benign gynecological condition and with healthy control women.MethodsIn this prospective controlled study, participants completed the Short Sexual Functioning Scale, Specific Sexual Problems Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory Scale, World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Scale, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale to assess various aspects of sexual and psychosocial functioning at certain time intervals, namely, before surgery and 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgical treatment.ResultsThirty-one women with CC, 93 women with a benign gynecological condition, and 93 healthy controls completed the survey. In CC survivors, no differences were found in sexual functioning during prospective analyses and in comparison with women with a benign gynecological condition. However, compared with healthy women, preoperatively and postoperatively, significantly more CC patients reported sexual dysfunctions, including sexual arousal dysfunction, entry dyspareunia, deep dyspareunia, abdominal pain during intercourse, and reduced intensity of the orgasm. Furthermore, compared with healthy controls, CC patients reported worse psychological functioning before surgery and at 6 months after surgery. Finally, before surgery, quality of partner relationship was rated significantly better by CC patients compared with healthy controls; however, quality of the partner relationship declined during the first year of follow-up compared with the situation before surgery.ConclusionsIn CC patients, no differences were found in sexual functioning when prospectively comparing the situation before and after surgery. However, when compared with healthy controls, CC patients are at high risk for sexual dysfunctions, both before and after surgical treatment.

Chronic chlorpromazine administration in rats: effects on ability to work in the heat

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Francesconi ◽  
M. Mager
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Clinical Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Circulating Levels

To identify and quantitate the effects of chronic chlorpromazine (CPZ) administration on the ability to work in the heat, 2 mg CPZ were administered by intraperitoneal injection daily for 14 days to rats weighing between 250 and 350 g at the time of experimentation. When these animals exercised in the heat (35 degrees C) to hyperthermic exhaustion (Tre = 42.5-43 degrees C), it was demonstrated that their endurance capacity was significantly reduced (P less than 0.001) when compared with saline-treated controls. Increments in rectal temperature while on the treadmill were significantly (P less than 0.02) elevated among th CPZ-treated rats. Exercise on the treadmill to hyperthermic exhaustion resulted in significantly (P less than 0.001) increased circulating levels of lactate and potassium when these were compared in blood samples taken immediately before and after exercise in the heat for both groups, but creatine phosphokinase levels were unaffected. Additionally, lactate levels were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased in the postrun blood samples of CPZ-treated rats when compared with the appropriate saline-treated controls. We concluded from these studies that chronic administration of CPZ in rats reduces their ability to work in the heat. Further, their rate of heat gain while exercising in the heat is increased, and the combined effects of exercise in the heat and CPZ administration exacerbated the effects on the clinical chemical indices of heat-exercise injury.

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