Ovarian Reserve Assessed by the Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Reproductive Health Parameters in Women With Crohn´s Disease, a Case-Control Study

According to several studies, women with Crohn's disease (CD) had reduced fertility, which is mostly due to voluntary decisions and reduced ovarian reserve. In our study, we aimed to compare reproductive health parameters (RHP), previous pregnancy complications and outcomes, and ovarian reserve (OR) assessed by the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in CD patients with healthy controls. In CD patients, we also compared OR according to disease phenotypes. Consecutive pre-menopausal women with CD from two IBD centers were included. The control group consisted of age and BMI-matched healthy controls. We used a questionnaire that included RHP, CD phenotype, and CD activity. Serum AMH was assessed by the Elecsys AMH plus essay. We enrolled 50 patients and 56 controls with a median age of 31 years. All CD patients were in clinical remission. We observed no difference in RHP or AMH (median 2.6 vs. 2.1 ug/l, p = 0.98), or the proportion of low OR (AMH<1,77, 38 vs. 41.1 %, p=0.84). The slope of age-related decrease did not differ between the groups. The subgroup of CD patients after surgery and those older than 30 years with CD for >5years had a steeper decrease in AMH (slope -0.12 vs. -0.29, p = 0.04 and -0.31 vs. -0.2, p = 0.029). In a multivariate analysis, age was the single independent predictor of low OR (OR=1.25). In women with Crohn’s disease, once the disease activity is under control, the reproductive health and ovarian reserve do not substantially differ from healthy controls.

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P455 Adherence to enteral nutrition therapy by adults with active Crohn’s disease is associated with conscientiousness personality trait

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.584 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S406-S407

Author(s):

C Wall ◽

A McCombie ◽

R Mulder ◽

A Day ◽

R Gearry

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Enteral Nutrition ◽

Personality Trait ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Nutrition Therapy ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Eating Behaviours ◽

Exclusive Enteral Nutrition

Abstract Background Conscientiousness is a personality trait characterised by the ability to control impulses, delay gratification, set and reach goals, and plan in advance. Conscientious people are more likely to be non-smokers, do physical activity and practice healthy eating behaviours. They are also more likely to be adherent to medication. The aim of this study was to assess whether people with Crohn’s disease who score high on conscientiousness are more likely to be adherent to enteral nutrition (EN) therapy than low scorers. Methods Adults aged 16 to 40 years with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease or having a flare of disease were invited by their gastroenterologist to use nutrition therapy to induce disease remission. Nutrition therapy was either eight weeks of exclusive enteral nutrition (EN) or two weeks of exclusive EN followed by six weeks of partial EN and one meal per day. A convenience control group of healthy participants with no history of gastrointestinal symptoms was also recruited to use exclusive EN for two weeks. Adherence to EN was self-reported fortnightly using a standardised questionnaire. Non-adherence was defined as patients who repeatedly ate foods while using EN or ate more than one meal per day on partial EN. Patients who could not initiate or did not tolerate the EN formula were included in the non-adherent group. Prior to starting nutrition therapy, conscientiousness was measured using the well-validated conscientiousness subset of the Big Five Inventory. Results Twenty-three (59%) of the 39 patients recruited with Crohn’s disease completed and adhered to the eight-week treatment. Reasons for non-adherence by the 14 patients who did not complete treatment included: could not initiate EN (n = 4), non-response at week 4 (n = 2), intolerance of EN (n = 7) or repeated eating of food or started eating food again prior to the end of treatment (n = 2). Seventeen (81%) of the 21 healthy controls completed and adhered to 2 weeks of exclusive EN. Reasons for non-adherence were could not initiate EN (n = 3) or intolerance of the formula (n = 1). Adherence and completion of EN therapy were associated with a greater mean conscientiousness score 35.57 (95% CI: 32.88, 38.25) compared with the non-adherence group mean 30.13 (95% CI: 26.53, 33.73), p = 0.014. Mean conscientiousness score of the healthy controls who completed exclusive EN was similar to the Crohn’s disease group (36.65 (95% CI: 33.53, 39.77), p > 0.05). Conclusion Conscientiousness was associated with adherence to EN therapy. EN therapy can be a cognitively and emotionally demanding treatment and this personality trait should ideally be considered when determining suitable candidates for EN therapy.

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Association of Fungi and Archaea of the Gut Microbiota with Crohn’s Disease in Pediatric Patients—Pilot Study

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10091119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1119

Author(s):

Agnieszka Krawczyk ◽

Dominika Salamon ◽

Kinga Kowalska-Duplaga ◽

Tomasz Bogiel ◽

Tomasz Gosiewski

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

And Control ◽

To Receive

The composition of bacteria is often altered in Crohn’s disease (CD), but its connection to the disease is not fully understood. Gut archaea and fungi have recently been suggested to play a role as well. In our study, the presence and number of selected species of fungi and archaea in pediatric patients with CD and healthy controls were evaluated. Stool samples were collected from children with active CD (n = 54), non-active CD (n = 37) and control subjects (n = 33). The prevalence and the number of selected microorganisms were assessed by real-time PCR. The prevalence of Candida tropicalis was significantly increased in active CD compared to non-active CD and the control group (p = 0.011 and p = 0.036, respectively). The number of Malassezia spp. cells was significantly lower in patients with active CD compared to the control group, but in non-active CD, a significant increase was observed (p = 0.005 and p = 0.020, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in the colonization by archaea. The obtained results indicate possible correlations with the course of the CD; however, further studies of the entire archeobiome and the mycobiome are necessary in order to receive a complete picture.

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VISCERAL FAT IS INCREASED IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-2803.201800000-25 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 142-147

Author(s):

Daniéla Oliveira MAGRO ◽

Maria Rita Lazzarini BARRETO ◽

Everton CAZZO ◽

Michel Gardere CAMARGO ◽

Paulo Gustavo KOTZE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It is known that obesity is associated with a chronic inflammatory state, but few studies have evaluated visceral fat (VF) content and its role in individuals with Crohn’s disease (CD). OBJETIVE: To compare the nutritional status, body composition and proportion of VF between CD individuals and healthy volunteers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that enrolled individuals with Crohn’s disease and healthy controls. The stratification according to nutritional status was carried out by means of BMI. The percentage of body fat percentage (%BF) and VF were estimated by means of DEXA. VF proportion was evaluated by means of the VF/BMI and VF/%BF ratios. RESULTS: A total of 78 individuals were included. The control group was comprised of 28 healthy subjects aged 35.39±10 years old (60.7% women); mean BMI=23.94±3.34 kg/m2; mean VF=511.82±448.68 g; mean CRP=0.81±1.78 ng/mL. The CD group was comprised of 50 patients; 11 (22%) were underweight (BMI=18.20±1.97 kg/ m2; %BF=24.46±10.01; VF=217.18±218.95 g; CRP=4.12±4.84 ng/mL); 18 (36%) presented normal weight (BMI=22.43±1.48 kg/m2; %BF=30.92±6.63; VF=542.00±425.47 g and CRP=4.40±1.78 ng/mL); 21 (42%) were overweight or obese (BMI=29.48±3.78 kg/m2; %BF=39.91±7.33; VF=1525.23±672.7 g and CRP=1.33±2.06 ng/mL). The VF/BMI ratio was higher in the CD group when compared to controls (32.41±24.63 vs 20.01±16.23 g per BMI point; P=0.02). Likewise, the VF/%BF was also higher in the CD group (35.21±23.33 vs 15.60±12.55 g per percentage point; P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Among individuals with Crohn’s disease, BMI presents a direct correlation with visceral fat content. These results indicate the presence of an adiposopathy in Crohn’s disease subjects, which is evidenced by a higher visceral fat.

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P194 Alexithymia traits are associated with symptom severity and disease activity in IBD patients

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S260-S260

Author(s):

E Vinni ◽

K Karaivazoglou ◽

T Lourida ◽

M Kalogeropoulou ◽

E Tourkochristou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Psychological Burden ◽

Emotional Recognition

Abstract Background Alexithymic traits are quite prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and have been linked with a heightened psychological burden including anxiety, depression, somatization and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. However, there are limited data regarding the association of alexithymia with gastrointestinal symptom severity and disease activity. Methods The current study was conducted at the Division of Gastroenterology of the University Hospital of Patras, in Greece with the collaboration of the Department of Psychiatry. Adult IBD outpatients and healthy controls were enrolled to the study. Alexithymic traits were assessed with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Disease activity was assessed with the calculation of the Truelove-Witts Index for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and the Harvey-Bradsaw Index for Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. Results 57 IBD patients and 50 healthy controls entered the study. 26 (45.6%) IBD patients reported clinically significant alexithymia traits. In addition, IBD patients faced increased difficulties in emotional expression (p=0.024) and reported increased overall alexithymic traits (p=0.033) compared to healthy controls. Moreover, we detected a borderline tendency of IBD patients to exhibit more disturbances in emotional recognition (p=0.067) compared to the control group. Difficulties in emotional recognition were significantly correlated with the presence of nausea (p=0.031), belly pain (p=0.015) and bloating (p=0.018), while overall alexithymic traits were strongly associated with the presence of nausea (p=0.008). Finally, increased disease activity was significantly associated with a higher total alexithymia score in Crohn’s disease (p=0.037) and ulcerative colitis (p=0.047) patients. Conclusion IBD patients report increased alexithymic traits which are associated with more severe gastrointestinal symptomatology and increased disease activity.

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Evidence of Disturbed Gut Microbial Metabolic Activity in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease

Crohn's & Colitis 360 ◽

10.1093/crocol/otz010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tommy Sundqvist ◽

Lars Stenhammar ◽

Bo Tjellström ◽

Karl-Eric Magnusson ◽

Tore Midtvedt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Observational Study ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Metabolic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Tryptic Activity ◽

Microbial Metabolic Activity

Abstract Background Dysbiosis, that is, disturbed gut microbial balance, is well documented in Crohn’s disease (CD). We aimed at studying CD-linked dysbiosis in children by analyzing fecal microbe-associated characteristics, previously not reported in children. Methods This observational study included 28 children with active CD and healthy controls. We assessed the following three indicators of gut microbiota metabolism in the feces: the presence of tryptic activity, the conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol, and the conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogen. Results The fecal tryptic activity was significantly higher in children with active CD compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The fecal coprostanol of the CD children was close to zero and differed significantly from the controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the children with CD had very low fecal urobilinogen, differing significantly from the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions The significant differences in levels of fecal bacterial metabolites in patients with active CD compared to healthy controls reflect major perturbation of gut microbial functions and have not previously been reported in children. This fits well with the prevailing concept of a dysbiotic gut microbiota in CD and may have important clinical implications by bringing the dysbiosis back into balance.

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Sa595 DIETARY INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL AND FOOD PATTERNS IN RELATION TO GUT MICROBIOME AMONG CHILDREN WITH CROHN'S DISEASE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(21)02051-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 160 (6) ◽

pp. S-566

Author(s):

Jessica Breton ◽

Vincent Tu ◽

Ceylan Tanes ◽

Maire A. Conrad ◽

Kelly Kachelries ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Food Patterns

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Probing serum N-glycan patterns for rapid and precise detection of Crohn's disease

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc04699c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yonglei Wu ◽

Yijie Chen ◽

Haolin Chen ◽

Chenjie Yang ◽

Xizhong Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Carbon Matrix ◽

Healthy Controls

Serum N-glycan patterns from 50 Crohn‘s disease (CD) patients and 50 healthy controls were acquired by a carbon matrix-based platform. According to statistical analysis, eight specific N-glycans revealed remarkable performance for CD diagnosis.

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Analysis of Crohn’s Disease-Related CARD15 Polymorphisms in Spanish Patients with Idiopathic Uveitis

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2008/146851 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 111-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Rodríguez-Pérez ◽

A. Aguinaga-Barrilero ◽

Marina B. Gorroño-Echebarría ◽

Mercedes Pérez-Blas ◽

J. M. Martín-Villa

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Dna Sequencing ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Gene Frequency ◽

Spanish Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Accession Number ◽

Direct Dna Sequencing ◽

Exon 11

We wished to analyse the frequency of Crohn’s disease-linked CARD15 polymorphisms (P268S, R702W, G908R and 1007fs) in a group of Spanish patients with idiopathic uveitis. To this aim, DNA samples were obtained from 111 unrelated patients. P268S, R702W and G908R polymorphisms were detected using TaqMan Genotyping kits (Applied Biosystems), and the 1007fs variation by direct DNA sequencing. Control group consisted of 105 healthy subjects.None of the polymorphisms studied revealed a significant increase in the groups of patients, when compared to the control group. Thus, P268S is found in 50% of patients (gene frequency 0.284) vs 44% of control individuals (gene frequency 0.245); R702W in 7% of patients (0.036) vs 7% (0.033); G908R in 2% of patients (0.009) vs 4% (0.019) and, finally, 1007fsin 2% of uveitis patients (0.008) vs 4% (0.021). Moreover, DNA sequencing has allowed us to define two new intronic polymorphisms in phase, in the 5' and 3' boundaries of the exon 11 (GenBank accession number #DQ 869189).Altogether, our results suggest that the Crohn’s disease-linked CARD15 polymorphisms do not seem to predispose to idiopathic uveitis in the Spanish population.

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