scholarly journals A field comparison of strategies for the control of Chilean needle grass in Hawke's Bay

1999 ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
M.W.A. Slay ◽  
G.O. Eyles ◽  
S.K. Bennie
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Stipa Neesiana ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

Management strategies to control Chilean needle grass comprised two re-grassing regimes using the competitive pasture species cocksfoot, combined with lax grazing using sheep or young cattle, no attempted management, and forestry. The presence of Chilean needle grass and cocksfoot densities were assessed by examining 50 mm turf cores taken annually from 1994, and from the forestry site since 1997. There was a strong inverse relationship between Chilean needle grass frequency of occurrence and the sown cocksfoot density. The establishment of cocksfoot and its promotion by lax grazing reduced the frequency of occurrence of Chilean needle grass from 60% in October 1994 to 9% in 1998. Although cocksfoot suppressed Chilean needle grass, eradication appears unlikely or at least a long-time process. In the young pine plantation, Chilean needle grass grew unchecked with 24 and 27% of the cores containing Chilean needle grass in 1997 and 1998 respectively. Under forestry the Chilean needle grass seed bank is likely to develop until canopy closure. Keywords: Chilean needle grass, cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata, forestry, grazing, Pinus radiata, Stipa neesiana, weed control

Moss distribution in streams of the Quebec Laurentian Mountains

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Cattaneo ◽  
Lucie Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Competitive Interaction ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Patchy Distribution ◽  
Moss Cover ◽  
Aquatic Mosses ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship ◽  
Substratum Size

To model the distribution of aquatic mosses, we measured their cover in 33 Quebec streams. The variation in moss cover among streams was explained mostly (42%) by substratum size (percentage >25 cm in diameter). Water pH and depth also explained a significant amount of variation (9 and 10%, respectively). Within a stream, moss cover was again positively correlated to the availability of large substrata and negatively to water depth. There was a strong inverse relationship between covers of moss and of the filamentous cyanobacterium Stigonema, suggesting a competitive interaction. This study confirms previous observations that moss distribution is mainly controlled by substratum size. Chemistry explains part of the among-stream variation. Stigonema-moss competition partly accounts for the patchy distribution within a stream.Key words: aquatic mosses, Fontinalis, streams, Quebec.

Redistributing Control between the Elements of a Compound Stimulus

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Miles ◽  
N. J. Mackintosh ◽  
R. F. Westbrook
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Training ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Compound Stimulus ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

Twenty-eight pigeons were given discrimination training. Four groups were run in which for 0, 2, 4 and 9 sessions of training colour was an irrelevant cue and tone was relevant. Generalization tests were given in extinction; the training colour (C1) and another colour (C2) were presented with tone (T) and noise (N). Responding to these four stimulus combinations, TC1, TC2, NC1 and NC2, allowed the assessment of control by colour and tone. A reduction of control by colour and an increase in control by tone were found to be positively related to the amount of training with colour irrelevant. Tests showed a strong inverse relationship between control by colour and tone.

scholarly journals The Effects Of Heavy Metals On The Morphological And Biochemical Composition Of The Blood Of Young Cattle Taking Into Account Of Breed Features

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustem B. Temiraev ◽  
Yusup A. Yuldashbaev ◽  
Susanna K. Cherchesova ◽  
Sofia F. Lamarton ◽  
Valentina S. Gappoeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Group I ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Cadmium Lead

AbstractHeavy metals can selectively accumulate in certain organs and remain in them for a long time. As a result, the accumulation of metal in one or another organ may cause strongest intoxication of the animal. The purpose of the research is to study the morphological and biochemical composition of the blood of young cattle of different breeds of the dairy and dairy-and-beef direction of productivity fed in the technogenic zone in the RNO-Alania diets with a high content of heavy metals. According to the principle of analogues, taking into account the breed, origin, age, sex and body weight, 4 groups of 10 animals each of different breed were formed: Group I - black and white, Group II - Danish Red, Group III - Swiss, and Group IV - Simmental. The experimental material was statistically processed using the Microsoft Excel software for mathematical analysis. With a tendency of unreliable differences in morphological indices of blood, in diminishing numbers of erythrocytes and hemoglobin, the test breeds should be arranged in the following order: Simmental → Swiss → Red Danish → Black and White. At the same time, as compared to the animals of the black-and-white breed, the young cattle of the Simmental breed showed the best level of intermediate metabolism, which resulted in an increase in total protein and sugar in the blood, which indicates an improvement in their protein and energy metabolism; an increase in the content of albumin in the liquid internal medium and γ-globulins;an increase inconcentration oftotal lipids in serum, respectively, while reducing the level of cholesterol, which indicates an improvement fat metabolism in animals; a significant (P <0.05) decrease in blood saturation with cadmium, lead and zinc, respectively, by 26.8, 48.8 and 30.6%. The highest content of these elements was noted in the wool, then in decreasing order: in bone tissue → liver → muscle tissue → lungs → kidneys. Moreover, between the level of heavy metals in muscles, liver and lungs, on the one hand, and in the wool, bone tissue and kidneys, on the other hand, there was an inversely proportional relationship.

The effects of diets deficient in phosphorus, phosphorus and vitamin D, or calcium, on the skeleton and teeth of the growing sheep IV. The uptake of radioactive phosphorus by the bones and teeth

1965 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. McRoberts ◽  
R. Hill ◽  
A. C. Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Radioactive Phosphorus ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

1. Radioactive phosphorus was injected into young sheep that had been fed diets low in either phosphorus, phosphorus and vitamin D or calcium. Forty-eight hours after the injection the animals were killed and samples of bone and teeth were removed for specific activity determinations.2. The specific activities of bone varied according to the site from which it was taken, but in general a strong inverse relationship was found between specific activity and the quality of the skeleton.3. In teeth that were formed during the period the diets deficient in phosphorus or phosphorus and vitamin D were fed, the specific activities of the dentine and enamel were greater than for corresponding tissues from the control animals.

Trust, reciprocity, and a preference for economic freedom: experimental evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRYAN C. MCCANNON
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Strong Preference ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Trust Games ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

Abstract:Do those who prefer economic freedom behave differently than those who prefer government intervention? Experiments of the Dictator and Trust games are studied. A survey elicits preference for private solutions to potential market failures. Trust and reciprocation are highest for those who score both high and low on the assessment. In the Dictator Game, there is a strong inverse relationship between one's preference for economic freedom and giving. Thus, the results can be interpreted as those with a strong preference for government intervention altruistically give, while those with a preference for economic freedom give primarily in response to wealth-generating investments.

scholarly journals Correlating Integrative Complexity With System Modularity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Sinha ◽  
Eun Suk Suh ◽  
Olivier de Weck
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
System Development ◽  
Integrative Complexity ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Complexity Management ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Intrinsic Complexity ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

Modularity is the degree to which a system is made up of relatively independent but interacting elements. Modularization is not necessarily a means of reducing intrinsic complexity of the system, but it is a means of effectively redistributing the total complexity across the system. High degree of modularization enable reductionist strategies of system development and is an effective mechanism for complexity redistribution that can be better managed by system developers by enabling design encapsulation. In this paper, we introduce a complexity attribution framework to enable consistent complexity accounting and management procedure and show that integrative complexity has a strong inverse relationship with system modularity and its implication on complexity management for engineered system design and development.

Motility and Fantasy in Hospitalized Patients

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowell Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Behavior Ratings ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Open Ward ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

Correlations were drawn between behavior (activity) ratings of border-line psychotic inpatients made on an open ward and Rorschach dimensions. Results showed a strong inverse relationship between the behavior ratings and number of M responses and positive correlations between the behavior ratings and both P and F + %.

Influence of a Wellness Course on Meaning-in-Life and Anxiety of Counselors-in-Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Trace Pirtle ◽  
Xuesong Wang ◽  
Randel Brown ◽  
Hanna L. Lainas
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Counselor Trainees ◽  
Counselors In Training ◽  
Wellness Course ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

This study examined how a special wellness course affects perception of meaning-in-life and state-trait anxiety of Hispanic counselor trainees. A quantitative analysis showed an increase in participants’ perception of meaning-in-life and a concurrent decrease in anxiety. Participants’ self-reports revealed how their perception of meaning-in-life and anxiety levels changed over the course of time. Together, the results confirmed a strong inverse relationship between meaning-in-life and anxiety. The implications and applicability of the study were discussed.

scholarly journals PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN LAUT ARAFURA

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Ralph Thomas Mahulette ◽  
Andrias Samu Samu
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Institutional Strengthening ◽  
Information Research ◽  
Long Time

<p>Perairan Arafura yang berada di bagian Tenggara Maluku memiliki sumber daya perikanan laut demersal maupun udang dan jika dikelola dengan baik, mampu mendatangkan pendapatan bagi pemerintah pusat, daerah dan masyarakat pesisir. Pengelolan sumber daya udang dan ikan demersal sudah berlansung cukup lama di perairan Arafura dan status pemanfaatannya sudah berada dalam tahapan yang lebih tangkap (over-exploited). Kondisi yang demikian terjadi karena belum adanya pengelolaan yang tepat akibat kurangnya kualitas kebijakan dan informasi hasil penelitian untuk mendasari kebijakan tersebut. Makalah ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji strategi penguatan kelembagaan pengelolaan perikanan di lokal. Data sekunder dan observasi lapangan digunakan dalam kajian ini. Analisis data dilakukan secara diskriftif kualitatif. Hasil kajian mengindikasi bahwa dari sisi peraturan perundangan belum dijumpai adanya peraturan perundangan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah daerah yang mampu merespon isu dan permasalahan lokal. Oleh sebab itu strategis penguatan kelembagaan pengelolaan perikanan dirumuskan dalam kajian ini.</p><p> </p><p>Arafura waters are located in the Southeast Maluku sea, demersal fisheries resources as well as shrimp and if managed properly, able to bring in revenue for the central government, regional and coastal communities. Resource management of shrimp and demersal fish has been taking place for a long time in the waters of the Arafura and utilization status already in the stage of more catch (over-exploited). Such conditions occur due to lack of proper management due to lack of quality policies and information research results to the policy underlying. This paper is intended to examine the  institutional  strengthening  of  fisheries management  strategies  in  local.  Secondary  data  and field observations used in this study. Data analysis was done qualitatively  diskriftif.  results of the study  indicate  that  the  legislation  has  not  encountered  any  regulations  made by  the  local government that is able to respond to local issues and concerns. Therefore, institutional strengthening strategic management fisheries formulated in this study.</p>

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