scholarly journals Social and Economic Security in the System of State Protectedness

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-287
Author(s):  
D. Shvaiba
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
The Many ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Protection

Taking as a basis the scientific study of different concepts in the theory of security, it is necessary to assume that the inaccessibility of the threat in the absolute sense is impossible. In fact, there may not be a certain type of threat to a particular object in a specific period of time (if there is not yet or there is no longer a corresponding danger factor). It is necessary to take into account that interests are only a small part of a wide range of objects of state protection. This share differs subjectively and interacts with the implemented financial, economic and social policy, the productivity of which is largely dependent on the impact of individual groups of people and parties (based on socio–political preferences). In addition — it is quite a mobile category, which has the ability to change qualitatively. It is obvious that the danger is one of the many destructive moments of security, along with those of which have already been discussed, for example threat, challenge, risk, decline, crisis, cataclysm, destruction, deformation processes, etc. It is necessary to clarify that the danger in the context of the ‘security triad’ is always modified: in a short time, they have all chances to transform from the present into the probable and vice versa.

Textual Transformations

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Book History ◽  
John Dryden ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lucy Hutchinson ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

This collection of twelve original essays by an international team of eminent scholars in the field of book history explores the many ways in which early modern books were subject to reworking, re-presentation, revision and reinterpretation. Their history is often the history of multiple, sometimes competing, agencies as their texts were re-packaged, redirected and transformed in ways that their original authors might hardly recognize. The essays discuss the processes of editing, revision, redaction, selection, abridgement, glossing, disputation, translation and posthumous publication that resulted in a textual elasticity and mobility that could dissolve distinctions between text and paratexts, textuality and intertextuality, manuscript and print, author and reader or editor, such that title and author’s name are no longer sufficient pointers to a book’s identity or contents. The essays are alive to the impact of commercial and technological aspects of book production and distribution (discussing, for example, the career of the pre-eminent bookseller John Nourse, the market appeal of abridgements, and the financial incentives to posthumous publication), but their interest is also in the many additional forms of agency that shaped texts and their meanings as books were repurposed to articulate, and respond to, a variety of cultural and individual needs. They engage with early modern religious, political, philosophical and scholarly trends and debates as they discuss a wide range of genres and kinds of publication (including fictional and non-fictional prose, verse miscellanies, abridgements, sermons, religious controversy) and of authors and booksellers (including Lucy Hutchinson, Richard Baxter, Thomas Burnet, Elizabeth Rowe, John Dryden, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lucy Hutchinson, Henry Maundrell, John Nourse; Jonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, John Tillotson, Isaac Watts and John Wesley).

The Creep of Natural and Snythetic Rubber Compounds in Shear

1941 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart H. Hahn ◽  
Ivan Gazdik
Keyword(s):  
Processing Technique ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Time Service ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Many ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Relative Creep ◽  
Rubberlike Materials

Abstract Creep tests, extending in some cases as long as 900 days, indicate that both natural and synthetic rubbers such as Neoprene and butadiene copolymer can be compounded to give satisfactory service in shear mountings. At 140° F, creep is from two to nine times greater than at 80° F, depending on the compound. Tests at room temperature do not indicate either the amount of creep or the life to be expected at higher temperatures. Actual creep (measured in inches) increases with stress, but when expressed at percentage of initial deflection, it may be independent of stress. Creep curves are linear over a considerable range of time when plotted on log-log scales. However, extrapolation of such curves to predict results after very long times is not justified, because the curves may not continue to be linear, or failure of the mountings may occur, particularly at high temperatures. Short time tests of any sort are not necessarily indicative of the relative creep or life of compounds in long-time service. The tests reported here are a small portion of a large number which is being continued and augmented. It is hoped that these and other investigations now under way may contribute to clearing the picture of the complex interrelations between the many physical properties of compounds of rubberlike materials. The rubber technologist uses his specialized knowledge to develop a wide variety of compounds, making use of several types of basic rubberlike materials. He chooses whichever fits service requirements best from performance and economic viewpoints. Modern materials and recent developments in processing technique have made possible compounds suitable for a wide range of service conditions.

Atmospheric escape from rocky M-dwarf planets orbiting within the habitable zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanfei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
Habitable Zone ◽  
Atmospheric Escape ◽  
Dwarf Planets ◽  
James Webb Space Telescope ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

<p>In the last two decades, the field of exoplanets has witnessed a tremendous creative surge. Research in exoplanets now encompasses a wide range of fields ranging from astrophysics to heliophysics and climate science. One of the primary objectives of studying exoplanets is to determine the criteria for habitability, and whether certain exoplanets meet these requirements. The classical definition of the Habitable Zone (HZ) is the region around a star where liquid water can exist on the planetary surface given sufficient atmospheric pressure. However, this definition largely ignores the impact of the stellar wind and stellar magnetic activity on the erosion of an exoplanet's atmosphere. Amongst the many factors that determine habitability, understanding the mechanisms of atmospheric loss is of paramount importance.</p><p>We will discuss the impact of exoplanetary space weather on the long-term climate evolution and habitability, which offers fresh insights concerning the habitability of exoplanets, especially those orbiting M-dwarfs, such as Proxima b and the TRAPPIST-1 planets. We will focus on a wide range of atmospheric compositions, ranging from exo-Venus candidates to Earth twins, as many factors remain unresolved at this stage. Future missions such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will play a crucial role in constraining the atmospheres of those exoplanets. For each of these cases, we will demonstrate the importance of the exoplanetary space weather on atmospheric ion loss and habitability.</p>

scholarly journals The Assessment of the Impact of Sanctions on Russia for Oil & Gas Industry and Defence Industry Complex of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
Defence Industry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of the author’s research of the impact of a wide range of restrictions and prohibitions applied to theRussian Federation, used by a number of countries for their geopolitical purposes and as a means of competition. The object of study was the impact of anti-Russian sanctions on the development of Oil & Gas industry and defence industry complex ofRussiain 2014–2016. The purpose of the analysis was to assess the impact of sanctions on the volume of oil and gas production, the dynamics of foreign earnings from the export of oil and gas, and of foreign earnings from the sale abroad of military and civilian products of the Russian defence industry complex (DIC). As the research method, the author used the economic analysis of the time series of statistical data presented in open statistics and literature. The author showed that some countries use the anti-Russian sanctions as a means of political, financial, economic, scientific, and technological struggle with the leadership ofRussiaand Russian economic entities. It is noteworthy that their introduction in 2014 coincided with the readiness of theUSto export gas and oil, which required a niche in the international energy market. The imposed sanctions have affected the volume of oil production inRussia, which was one of the factors of reduction of foreign earnings from the country’s oil and gas exports. However, the Russian defence industry complex has relatively well experienced the negative impact of sanctions and other non-market instruments of competition

scholarly journals Latin America: The Road to Coronacrisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-93
Author(s):  
N. M. Yakovleva ◽  
P. P. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Among all the regions of the world, Latin America has been the most vulnerable to the spread of the coronavirus epidemic. The COVID-19 pandemic not only exposed the weaknesses of national health systems, but also served as a catalyst for the crisis socio-economic phenomena that have developed in the region over the past decade. The impact of the pandemic should serve Latin America as a clear lesson and motivate the local political and business establishment to make a significant adjustment to the content of the regional development strategy. It is logical, in our opinion, to raise the question of rethinking the role of the state in public life, the development of a modern, meeting the requirements of the moment, the Latin American concept of epidemiological and socio-economic security. In the post-covid period, at the center of public attention and targeted government efforts ought to be the challenges of radically improving health care through the priority development of those sectors of the economy that can provide diversification and, as a result, increase the level of crisis-sustainability of Latin American states. First of all, they should focus on the manufacturing industry, including the production of a wide range of medicines and equipment, as well as the sectors that ensure the development and modernization of socio-economic infrastructure: utilities, transport, alternative energy, telecommunications. In the field of international relations, the importance of cooperation with those States that have pioneered the development of COVID-19 coronavirus vaccines has increased significantly. In this context, it must be mentioned the interest that the registration in the Russian Federation of the first domestic vaccine Sputnik V provoked in Latin America.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC SECURITY MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS OBJECTS OF THE STATE CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

MEST Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Nataliia Zachosova ◽  
Zinaida Zyvko ◽  
Oleksii Koval
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Security System ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The need to form a system of economic security for the effective operation of financial institutions is determined. Peculiarities of ensuring economic security of different types of financial institutions are found out, characteristic features of functional systems of economic security of financial intermediaries are revealed. It is offered to understand the management of economic security of financial institutions as a direction of management activities aimed at achieving a high level of protection of the institution's resources from the negative impact of internal and external threats by implementing a wide range of management decisions to use available opportunities and resources while providing financial services. The basics of the mechanism of economic security management of financial institutions are formed. It is assumed that the organization of the economic security system of a financial institution is carried out in several stages, such as the formation of the economic security system, ensuring the economic security system, identification, assessment, ranking of threats, and development of countermeasures; assessing the level of readiness of institutions to implement a mechanism for managing economic security; assessment of the level of economic security, development of management decisions. It is determined that the purpose of economic security management is to achieve the maximum possible level of realization of the institution's interests and meet the interests and needs of clients with optimal resource costs to minimize the impact of threats that accompany the activities of institutions.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Modernization and the “Crisis of Trust” in China: A Multi-level Analysis of General and Particular Trust

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-949
Author(s):  
H. Christoph Steinhardt ◽  
Jan Delhey
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Contextual Effect ◽  
General Trust ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Level Analysis

Abstract Theorists have long disagreed about the impact of socio-economic modernization on social trust. The pessimistic school asserts that modernization undermines the structural conditions for high levels of trust. The optimistic account argues that it delivers economic security and human empowerment and thereby enhances trust. Adapting these contrasting theories to the specific case of China, this article puts them to the test with survey data from the World Values Survey. Exploiting the condition of highly uneven levels of regional development, combined with common political institutions and a shared cultural heritage, the study conducts a multi-level analysis of survey data from over 1900 individuals and a wide range of regional statistics from 61 county-level units. While trust in family members and particular trust beyond the family are unaffected by levels of regional modernization, we find robust evidence to suggest that regional modernization is associated with substantially higher levels of general trust. The results further suggests that higher general trust in more developed regions does not lead to an enhanced conversion of particular into general trust. This indicates that general trust is nurtured through the contextual effect of residing in more modern social environments. Overall, these findings provide substantial support for modernization optimists and lend themselves to a reinterpretation of a widely discussed “trust crisis” in China, which to date is often interpreted according to the pessimistic view of modernization.

scholarly journals A Robust Numerical Solution of the Stochastic Collection–Breakup Equation for Warm Rain

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1480-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier P. Prat ◽  
Ana P. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Discrete Equations ◽  
Warm Rain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Rain Rates ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The focus of this paper is on the numerical solution of the stochastic collection equation–stochastic breakup equation (SCE–SBE) describing the evolution of raindrop spectra in warm rain. The drop size distribution (DSD) is discretized using the fixed-pivot scheme proposed by Kumar and Ramkrishna, and new discrete equations for solving collision breakup are presented. The model is evaluated using established coalescence and breakup parameterizations (kernels) available in the literature, and in that regard this paper provides a substantial review of the relevant science. The challenges posed by the need to achieve stable and accurate numerical solutions of the SCE–SBE are examined in detail. In particular, this paper focuses on the impact of varying the shape of the initial DSD on the equilibrium solution of the SCE–SBE for a wide range of rain rates and breakup kernels. The results show that, although there is no dependence of the equilibrium DSD on initial conditions for the same rain rate and breakup kernel, there is large variation in the time that it takes to reach steady state. This result suggests that, in coupled simulations of in-cloud motions and microphysics and for short time scales (<30 min) for which transient conditions prevail, the equilibrium DSD may not be attainable except for very heavy rainfall. Furthermore, simulations for the same initial conditions show a strong dependence of the dynamic evolution of the DSD on the breakup parameterization. The implication of this result is that, before the debate on the uniqueness of the shape of the equilibrium DSD can be settled, there is critical need for fundamental research including laboratory experiments to improve understanding of collisional mechanisms in DSD evolution.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Kerajinan Sangkar Burung Kelurahan Kadipiro, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah

Abdi Seni ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Aan Sudarwanto ◽  
Rahayu Adi Prabowo ◽  
Ari Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Production System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Branded Product ◽  
Skilled Workforce ◽  
The Many ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact

AbstrakKriya mempunyai cakupan yang sangat luas salah satunya adalah   kriya kayu, dimana   konsentrasi penggunaan bahan baku utamanya   didominasi   bahan baku kayu. Diantara keragaman produk kriya kayu adalah produk kerajian sangkar burung. Dari data yang ada diketahui bahwa dalam 10 tahun terakhir telah mengalami booming. Hal ini karena banyaknya muncul peternak burung sebagai komoditi perdagangan maupun banyaknya komunitas-komunitas pecinta burung baik dari kalangan masyarakat ekonomi lemah hingga masyarakat menengah dan atas. Kebutuhan sangkar burung meningkat dengan pesat hampir merata di setiap daerah dan berdampak pula muncul sentra kerajinan sangkar burung sebagai kantong penghasil sangkar burung. Salah satunya sentra kerajinan sangkar burung di kalurahan Kadipiro, Banjarsari, Surakarta. Terdapat  beberapa permasalahan  yang  menjadikendala di sentra kerajinan sangkar burung di kalurahan Kadipiro Surakarta, diantaranya adalah; Tidak mampu memproduksi dalam waktu yang singkat, tidak adanya standarisasi produk fungsional, kurangnya tenaga kerja trampil dalam mengembangkan produk. Tidak ada produk dengan branded tertentu sehingga mudah ditiru. Berpijak dari permasalahan dan kondisi di sentra kerajinan sangkar burung Kadipiro  maka  dilakukan kegiatan peningkatan pengembangan produk sangkar burung melalui program PPM, dengan target pengusaha bernama Yudi Haryadi yang saat ini sedang merintis kerajinan sangkar burung bernama “Carisa Sangkar” . Fokus dari kegiatan PPM ini lebih diarahkan pada pada aspek peningkatan kualitas produk karya kriya kayu khususnya sangkar burung dengan pembuatan desain yang baik sampai  menjadi  prototype.  Kemudian  dilakukan  penguatan sumber  daya  manusia, melalui pendampingan lapangan, yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penjualan dan sekaligus secara tidak langsung dapat meningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Kata kunci : Kriya,  kreativitas, sangkar burung, sistem produksi AbstractCraft has a very broad scope one of which is wood craft, where the concentration of the use of raw materials  is mainly  dominated by  wood raw  materials. Among the  wood craft  products are  bird cage. It is known that in the last 10 years becoming the peak season. This is due to the large number of bird breeders emerging as trade commodities as well as the many bird-loving communities from among the economically weak to the middle and upper classes. The need for bird cages is rapidly increasing almost evenly in every area and the impact is also emerging centers of bird cage crafts as bird cage producers. One  is a bird cage craft center in Kadipiro , Banjarsari, Surakarta. There are a number of problems that have become obstacles in the bird cage handicraft center in Kadipiro Surakarta, including not able to produce in a short time, there is no standardization of functional products, lack of skilled workforce in developing products. There is no specific branded product so it is easy to imitate. Based on the problems and conditions in the Kadipiro bird cage craft, activities to improve the development of bird cage products through the community service , with the target of a businessman named Yudi Haryadi who is currently pioneering a bird cage craft called “Carisa Cage”. Improving the quality of wood craft products, especially birdcages by making good designs to become prototypes. Then do strengthening human resources, through field assistance, which is expected to increase sales and at the same time indirectly improve community welfare.Keywords: crafts, creativity, bird cage, production system

scholarly journals Administrative and legal support of the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine as a subject of ensuring of functioning the system of economic security of the state

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
V.I. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
State Security ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to a set of issues related to the study of administrative and legal support of the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine as a subject of ensuring the system of economic security of the state. Emphasis is placed on the need for systematic comprehensive support of Ukraine's economic security system by effectively countering a wide range of real threats to the domestic economic sector in the current difficult period. An attempt is made to substantiate the expediency of positioning the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine as one of many entities to ensure the economic security of the state and determine its place among other government agencies aimed at protecting the analyzed component of state security. In particular, the emphasis is on the criminal acts under investigation of the subject, as well as the assessment of the impact of the consequences of most acts of corruption on the domestic economy. It is emphasized that effective counteraction to the latter should contribute to the proper functioning of the entire system of economic security of Ukraine. It has been established that the national anti-corruption bureau of Ukraine works, aims, and functions as one that supports the system of economic security. Attention is drawn to a significant other part of other systems of the economic component of security. The separate issues of coordination and subcontracted coordination, reporting on the effective use of consolidation of own efforts to effectively counter a wide range of domestic and existing threats, are exogenous and endogenous in origin, and are well-known translations for the national economy.

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