scholarly journals The Effect of Biohumus on Increasing of the Fertility Gray-Brown Soils in Mountainous Shirvan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
E. Abasova
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Humus State ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Soil Buffering

The introduction of biohumus into degraded gray-brown soils contributed to the improvement of their agrophysical and agrochemical properties. The density of the arable horizon has decreased by 0.02–0.16 g/cm3, the content of water-resistant aggregates, providing an optimal water-air regime, has doubled. The introduction of biohumus can solve the problem of soil overconsolidation. The research results show that when biohumus is introduced into gray-brown soils in an amount of 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 m/ha, certain changes occur in the humus content according to its introduction, that is, an increase in the humus content in the arable soil layer compared to with the control option was −0.33, 0.51 and 0.62%. Regular use of biohumus will allow to suspend the process of soil dehumification and improve the conditions of the humus state of the soil, as well as the mineral nutrition of plants, leads to an increase in total nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, which participate and contribute to an increase in soil buffering and prevent the entry of toxic substances into plants.

scholarly journals The influence of the methods of the main tillage and fertilizers on the agrochemical properties of chernozem

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrovna Trofimova ◽  
Sergey Ivanovich Korzhov ◽  
Vladimir Petrovich Belogolovtsev ◽  
Sergey Anatolyevich Preymak
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Surface Distribution ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Agrochemical Properties

In experiments carried out on ordinary and leached chernozem, the effect of minimizing the methods of basic tillage and biologization on the fertility of these soils was analyzed. The studies were carried out in stationary and short-term experiments from 1984 to 2017. The effect of various methods and depths of the main tillage, autumn tillage systems, and fertilizers (mineral and organic) on the agrophysical, biological and agrochemical indicators of chernozem was studied. Refusal to carry out farewell processing in grain cultivating crop rotation leads to an increase in the differentiation of the arable layer, a decrease in the fertility of its lower part. The use of annual tillage in the crop rotation resulted in a decrease in the humus content in the soil layer of 0–40 cm by 0.17% (after fertilizers application) and by 0.22% (without fertilizers) compared to the dump processing by 20–22 cm. Organic fertilizers in a complex with minerals during farewell processing promotes an increase in the content of humus in comparison with the surface distribution during surface mulch tillage. A decrease in soil fertility and yield of cultivated crops without dump processing is proved.  

scholarly journals Intensity of Soil Pollution by Toxic Substances Depending on the Degree of Its Washout

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Tkachuk ◽  
Victoria Verhelis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Horizontal Migration ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Contamination Of Soils

A significant degree of ploughness of agricultural lands of Ukraine has led to increased erosion and the creation of soils of varying degrees of washout, which leads to dehumification and contamination of soils with toxic substances. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to establish the features of horizontal migration and accumulation of heavy metals of lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc, trace elements of boron and manganese, radionuclides of caesium and strontium on podzolic heavy loamy chernozems with varying degrees of washout: non-eroded, weak and medium washout, conditioned by the development of erosion processes. During the study, spectrophotometric, colorimetric, gamma-spectrometric, and radiochemical methods were used to determine the content of toxic substances in the soil. The study results showed that on slightly washed soils, the content of humus is 12.9% less, easily hydrolysed nitrogen – 13.3%, mobile forms of phosphorus – 51.1%, mobile potassium – 34.9% less than on slightly washed soils. The humus content on medium-washed soil was 8.8% less than on lightly washed soil, easily hydrolysed nitrogen – 14.3% less, mobile phosphorus – 15.3% more, mobile potassium – 42.9% more. A strong horizontal migration of mobile lead forms in washed podzolic heavy loamy chernozem was established, which increases with increasing degree of soil washout with the content of mobile lead forms on medium-washed soil by 24% more than on non-eroded soil. The same dependence was established on the content of mobile forms of zinc in the soil, with their predominance on medium-washed soil by 17 %, compared to non-washed. The content of mobile forms of copper is lower on slightly washed soil, compared to non – washed soil by 5%, boron – 18.8% less on non-washed soil, compared to medium-washed, and the content of mobile forms of manganese increases by 3.3% from slightly to medium-washed soil. It was also found that the concentration of caesium decreased by 25.6% on medium-washed soils, compared to non-washed ones

scholarly journals Influence of primary tillage on agrochemical indicators of soil fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00013
Author(s):  
Dmitry Dubovik ◽  
Elena Dubovik ◽  
Alexander Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Direct Sowing

The influence of primary tillage practices (plowing, subsurface tillage, surface tillage, direct sowing (No-till)) on the indicators of soil fertility of typical chernozem in Kursk Region on peas was studied. It was found that with the minimization of tillage humus content in the soil increased, especially in the upper 0-10 cm layer. Acidification of arable soil layer was noted when plowing was used. The content of mobile phosphorus, as well as the degree of its mobility, significantly increased with boardless tillage methods in comparison with moldboard plowing. The maximum amount of exchangeable potassium and the degree of its mobility were in case of direct sowing. The highest level of mineral nitrogen in the layer of 0-20 cm was formed in case of plowing, and its minimum level was formed in case of direct sowing. When tillage was minimized, the topsoil was differentiated by the content of mobile forms of copper, zinc and manganese. In a layer of 0-10 cm, combined tillage, surface tillage and direct sowing increased the content of mobile trace elements compared to a layer of 10-20 cm. When plowing was used as a primary tillage method, the content of mobile copper, zinc and manganese was higher in the layer of 10-20 cm.

scholarly journals The influence of systematic fertilization on soil fertility when growing winter wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
O. A. Litvinova ◽  
◽  
S. E. Dehodiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Fertilization System

The article presents the results of studies of the systematic use of organic and mineral fertilizers on the parameters of fertility of gray forest soil and the formation of productivity of winter wheat. It was found that in a five-saw field crop rotation, the formation of ground backgrounds with different physical and chemical properties is observed. The application of bedding manure at a dose of 60 t on ha and against the background of moderate fertilization rates (N50-100P30-60K50-100) contributed to the neutralization of the soil solution to values of slightly acidic reaction (pH – 5,1), while in the absence of manure (mineral system fertilizers) pHcontinued to remain within the acidic reaction. The organic-mineral fertilization system (12 t on ha of manure + N100P60K100) and organic (12 t on ha of manure per 1 ha) turned out to be effective in terms of the humus of the soil regime, in accordance with the total humus content was 1,30 % and 1,32 % which in percentage terms is 18 % and 20 % higher compared to the option without fertilization – 1,10 %. Optimization of the parameters of the nutrient regime (mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium) of the soil at the end of the rotation was provided by the organo-mineral fertilization system (N100P60 K100 against the background of 60 t on ha of manure). A clear tendency to an increase (by 27 mg on kg) of the content of mobile potassium was determined, compensating for its constant deficiency in the soil, and by an increase of 38 % in mobile phosphorus. The highest productivity of winter wheat (5,45 t on ha) was provided by the organo-mineral fertilization system (60 t on ha of manure + N100P60K100), which is 78 % higher than the control (without fertilizers), under these conditions the greatest increase in protein was obtained – 0,63 t on ha.

scholarly journals The effect of organic fertilizers on the physico-chemical and agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sedykh ◽  
Vitaliy Savich ◽  
Oleg Efimov ◽  
Vasily Rashkovich
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Soil

Studies of the effect of litter chicken manure applied in doses of 500-1000 t/ha showed a significant increase in the humus content in soils up to 2.8-5.2%, led to an increase in the content of thermophilic microflora in soils up to 12 · 105 CFU/ g, to an increase in the content of mobile phosphates up to 1200 mg/kg. However, the content of mobile forms of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni) also increased. The increase in humus content in soils positively correlated with the content of mobile phosphates (r up to 0.5). Keywords: SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL, FERTILIZERS, CHICKEN MANURE, AGROCHEMICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL SOIL PROPERTIES

scholarly journals Change of Agrochemical Parameters of Gray Podzolized Soils of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe under the Influence of Forest Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Purpose. The study of changes in the main agrochemical parameters in the upper layers of the gray forest soils of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine that were removed from agricultural processing and forested with pine, in different years. Methods. Theoretical methods included the collection and description of facts, their analysis. Empirical methods involved conducting field research on test plots of the state-owned enterprise “Chuguevo-Babchansky LG” and farm near woodlands. Laboratory and analytical studies were performed using standardized measurement methods. The generalization of the experimental data was performed using application software packages. Results. Studies were carried out on soils under natural forest plantations, soils in intensive agricultural processing and unproductive soils that are derived from agricultural use. In all the studied soils, the main agrochemical parameters were compared among themselves: mobile forms of nitrogen, pH, humus content, content of common forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Statistical dependences between agrochemical parameters in the studied variants were established. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate the revitalization and development of humification and accumulation of nutrients in old arable gray forest soils with an increase in the duration of exposure to pine forest. The age stages of the forest determine the specifics of the environmental factors that influence the soil-forming processes. In the soil of a young pine-tree (12 years), there are more cases of an increase in the coefficients of spatial variation. This indicates that the formation of young ecosystems are characterized by low resistance, in these biocenoses the dynamic equilibrium is not reached, which is characteristic of more mature pine forests.

scholarly journals Geochemical characteristics for the soil deposits within the municipal waste disposal areas by the environment study results

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Trofymchuk ◽  
Iryna V. Kuraeva ◽  
Oleksandr T. Azimov ◽  
Sergii P. Karmazinenko ◽  
Kateryna S. Zlobina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Disposal Facility ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Soil Deposits

As a result of the analytical research and result of the previous stages of study it was found the significant contamination of the soil layer by the heavy metals (HMs) within the Landfill area No 5 for the municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal and the surrounding areas. It was revealed also the negative its effect on the contents of these pollutants in the soil of adjacent buffer zone, which is under the influence of north-eastern, northern, and north-western parts of the Landfill. This is a result of 34 years of the operation of the MSW disposal facility, when there were operating troubles. That caused by the breach of operating procedures of the covering the garbage storages by the isolating layers of dirt, intermittent work of the leachate treatment system, capacity exceeded, etc. Therefore, the soils within the Landfill’s boundaries and also in the buffer its zone have been contaminated by the different toxic substances, in particular by the HMs. So, soil deposits of the Landfill have got the maximum exceed of background contents for cooper, lead, nickel, and tin by from several to ten times, at the same time, beyond its contour – by 2–3 times. The negative changes of physical-chemical properties of soils of the humus horizon is revealed by the comparison with the proper indications for the soil samples collected in the sites adjacent to the Landfill and directly on its territory. The buffer coefficient of soil of this horizon (Cb) is twice as lower for the technogenic polluted soils within the MSW disposal facility than for the background sites for their is equal to the value of Cb=55. The contents of mobile forms for the HMs in the soil formations of the Landfill No 5 in the comparison with the background values increase 2 times for cooper and zinc, as well 8 times for lead. It is the content of the mobile forms that affects the migration of the HMs in the trophic chain “soil – solution – biota”.

Influence of phytomelioration on the processes of humus accumulation and microflora of agrogenic soils of Primorye

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Purtova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Kiseleva ◽  
L.N. Shchapova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Humus State ◽  
Energy Indicators ◽  
Humus Accumulation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Biological State ◽  
Integral Indicator

The monograph is devoted to the study of the influence of various phytomeliorants on the microflora, physicochemical and agrochemical properties of soils. Changes in carbon pools and СО2 emissions from soils, which are most widely used in agriculture of the region, have been studied. The data on the effect of various phytomeliorants on the humus state of soils, their biological activity and optical-energy indicators are presented. Taking into account the change in the integral indicator of the biological state of soils, the most effective phytomeliorants that have a positive effect on soil fertility have been identified. Methods for indicating changes in humus content and catalase activity under the influence of phytomeliorants and various systems of agrotechnical soil cultivation are proposed. The book is intended for soil scientists, ecologists, agrochemists, specialists dealing with agricultural issues, as well as students of relevant specialties.

scholarly journals Physical and agrochemical properties of alluvial soils with perennial grasses and potatoes seeding

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Ivanovich Kargin ◽  
Natalya Nikolaevna Ivanova ◽  
Alina Vladimirovna Salnikova
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Moisture Storage

During the research it has been found out that there are notable differences in fertility between soils with perennial grasses and potatoes. It was revealed that a strongly compacted soil layer at a depth of 20-50 cm was formed in potato planting. In the layer of 20-40 cm the density of soil increased by 11.6 to 13.0 %, in the layer of 40-50 cm it was by 8.0 –11.8% in comparison with the optimal. Density decrease in perennial grasses seeding led to increase in the total soil porosity by 3-5% and aeration porosity by 2.8–4.7% compared with soil with potato planting. Perennial grasses cultivating increased moisture storage with full moisture capacity in 0-50 cm layer by 1.8–2.0%, capillary moisture capacity by 8.6–19.3%, and the lowest one by 6.7–19.4% compared to soil with potato planting. The studied soils are characterized by moderate-recovery range. In 0-90 cm soil layer of perennial grasses seeding redox potential is not beyond critical indicators. In potato seeding the optimum and good redox potential values was observed only in 0-30 cm layer. In the lower layers, the figure is reduced to critical. It has been found out that arable and subsurface layers of soil in perennial grasses seeding are characterized by satisfactory water permeability. The 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers in potato seeding on the are characterized as unsatisfactory according to permeability, but the 40-60 cm layer is satisfactory, which is associated with an increase in silt and lumpy fraction, structure coefficient decrease and increase of lumpy coefficient. Humus deposits in 0-120 cm layer of perennial grasses seeding were 8.8-12.5% higher compared to soils used for potato planting, and 0-50 cm layer were 9.3–21.7% higher. Perennial grasses reduced the acidity of the soil, increased the number of absorbed bases, increased the amount of mobile forms of nitrogen and potassium.

scholarly journals Agrobiological basis of wheat yield formation Dicoccum Schrank (spelt) in the ancestral domain of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00072
Author(s):  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova ◽  
Abdulsamat Valiev ◽  
Venera Aksakova
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Layer 4 ◽  
Seed Placement ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Yield Formation

The article presents the results of a three-year (2016–2018) study on the role of seeding rates taking into account the depth of seeding on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition in the conditions of gray forest soils in the middle Volga region. Experiments were conducted on the pilot field of the Department of Plant Industry and Horticulture of Kazan State Automobile University. Soil of the experimental site is characterized by the following agrochemical indicators: humus content – 2.9–3.2 % (according to Tyurin), the sum of the absorbed bases – 27 mg.-per 100 g of soil, light hydrolysable nitrogen – 79.0...110 mg/1000 g (according to Corinth), mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov) – 105...184 and 79...149 mg/1000 g of soil, pHsol.– 5.6–5.7. Research material – double-grain wheat Triticum Dicoccum Schrank (spelt) grade Runo. During all the years of research, the soil layer 4 and 6 cm was the most wetted during the sprouting phase. On average, for 3 years the best completeness of sprouting was provided by sowing rates of 4–5 million germplasm seeds per hectare at the depth of seed placement by 2 and 4 cm. Safety of plants to full ripeness at sowing of 6 million grains per hectare on both feeding backgrounds made up at planting of seeds on 2 cm – 414–423 pieces/m2, 4 cm – 411–432 and 6 cm – 356–374 plants on 1 m2. The highest yield for 3 years on average on both feeding grounds (1.93...2.55 t/ha) was provided by sowing 4 million grains per hectare when planting seeds by 4 cm.

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