scholarly journals Theodoric the Great’s Legislation on Protection of Monuments and the Significance of the Ostrogothic Renaissance in the Context of Heritage Law History

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-178
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Malyshev
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
European Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Professional Requirements ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Classical Culture ◽  
Historical Transition ◽  
European Civilization

Introduction. The Ostrogothic conquest of Italy is one of the turning points in the historical transition from the ancient Greco-Roman to the new European civilization to which we now tend to think that we belong. Since then, the protection of historical heritage has become one of the defining features of the European culture, particularly of the legal one. The transition from a cyclical to a linear model of time comprehension has occurred. The awareness of its transience and irreversibility as well as the fragility of the usual order of things is raised. In view of this, the best representatives of mankind become conscious of the need to preserve the best heritage of previous ages. Thus, the very spirit and principles of the future cultural heritage law are born. The aim of the article is an analysis of the array of legal documents on the protection of monuments from the period under consideration and an assessment of the place of the Ostrogothic renaissance in the history of cultural heritage law. Results. Theodoric's legislation on monument protection is represented mainly by documents contained in The «Variae» of Cassiodorus. These are royal orders addressed to a certain category of subjects or certain officials of the state. The ruler in his acts touches on many issues, both purely practical and conceptual. Objects to be protected are identified, responsible persons are appointed, professional requirements are emphasized, specific methodological advice on restoration works is provided, and liability for damage to monuments is defined. It is interesting to emphasize the priority of maintaining a holistic context over the protection of individual objects. It reached the conclusion about a progressive character and an outstanding significance of the Ostrogothic Renaissance for the safeguarding of classical culture and the formation of modern European civilization. The reflections of the Early Middle Ages, encrypted in the «Variae», are part of the intangible message of classical culture. Communication with this culture is the main resource for the progress of our civilization.

The Acoustic Analysis of Palladio’s Teatro Olimpico, Vicenza

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVIDE BONSI
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Sound Propagation ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Closed Volume ◽  
Andrea Palladio ◽  
New Era ◽  
Architectural Acoustics ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
European Culture ◽  
History Of

In the history of theatre buildings, the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza by Andrea Palladio is often regarded as the archetype of the evolution of spaces for drama and music in modern European culture. Even within the specific subject of architectural acoustics, the Olympic Theatre represents a sort of symbolic beginning of a new era, since the main idea which led to its realisation, that is, the transformation of the Greco-Roman theatre into a closed volume, started to pose problems that had previously been unknown or neglected due to the completely different sound-propagation processes experienced in the open-air theatres of antiquity. This chapter focuses on the recent campaign of acoustic measurements carried out by the author in the Teatro Olimpico. Among the results discussed are the long reverberation time and low clarity, which make the hall more suitable for music than speech.

The Mediaeval Cultural Heritage of the Mid-European Area

1956 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-507
Author(s):  
Francis Dvornik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Order ◽  
The West ◽  
European Area ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
History Of

Interest in Slavic and mid-European studies,* so long neglected, is growing considerably in the United States. Unfortunately it concentrates mostly on modern history. In Slavic studies, too much time is often devoted to the history of Russia since the Revolution, and to the analysis of the new social and political order established in that country under the influence of non-Slavic social ideas which had originated in the West, and especially in Germany (K. Marx and Lasalle) in the nineteenth century. The earlier evolution of Russia, other Slav nations, and their mid-European neighbors, is still undeservedly neglected. It is a mistake. In the Middle Ages, the Slavic nations, the Hungarians, and the Rumanians played a prominent role in the civilizing of Europe. The memories of their glorious past helped the Czechs, Slovaks, Poles, Serbs, Bulgars, Magyars, Rumanians and also the small Albanian nation to survive the difficult period of oppression by foreign rulers and inspired their national leaders in their fight for independence and freedom.

scholarly journals Cultural heritage of Varna and its tourist recognisability in Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
M. Dombrowicz ◽  
P. Gruszka ◽  
I. Jarecka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Cultural Events ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Cultural Assets ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Scientific Circle ◽  
The City ◽  
European Civilization

Abstract Cultural heritage of the European civilization constitutes cultural and spiritual property of the ancestors, as well as current generations of the Varna city. It represents both material and non-material value, defines the European culture. It includes all the environmental consequences arising from the interaction between the man and the surroundings over the course of history. Assessment of tourist potential of Varna performed on 9-14th September, 2014, by the members of the “European Traveler” scientific circle, students of tourist and recreation, as well as heritage and culture tourism at Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, made it possible to identify the main points of tourist recognizability in relation to the city and region. The staid points are predominantly based on the unique cultural assets of the city and the region - in large measure related to the origins of the European civilization - as well as current cultural events organized in the city.

Augustine

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Augustine Of Hippo ◽  
Divine Grace ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Doctrine Of Creation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Mind ◽  
First Time

Augustine of Hippo (Thagaste, b. 354–Hippo, d. 430 ce) brings the very person of the thinker onto the philosophical scene for the first time in the history of philosophy, with his existential vicissitudes, his spiritual travails, and his incessant search for truth. Augustine is the ancient figure we know better than anyone else, thanks to the fact that he himself has narrated in the Confessions the external and internal events of his life, from his childhood spent in Roman Africa to his conversion to a radical and demanding form of Christian existence in 386. His conversion also marks the moment in which faith is consciously and programmatically assumed as the starting point of a rational itinerary that aims at understanding the most important truths about God and the human being. Augustine’s contribution to philosophical and theological thought is broad and manifold, from the theory of knowledge and language to the conception of evil and freedom, from the doctrine of creation and time to the analysis of the mind and its acts, from the most difficult questions concerning divine grace and the Trinity to the reading of human history as the interweaving of two mystical ‘cities’. Fundamental terms of the intellectual language of the West—such as ‘sign’, ‘free will’, ‘original sin’, ‘predestination’, ‘relation’—bear the indelible imprint of Augustine’s reflection. Especially sensitive to the influence of Plotinian and Porphyrian Neoplatonism, the gigantic work of this Father of the Church—an essential link between Antiquity and the Middle Ages—has in turn influenced Western Christianity like few others, and through it European culture, right up to modern and contemporary times. Although in Augustine’s thought one cannot clearly distinguish between philosophy and theology, in this article only his works and themes that have greater philosophical prominence today are considered. Therefore, purely theological topics such as the doctrine of divine grace are excluded. Only books published or republished after 1970 are cited, with a few rare exceptions. The remaining bibliography (earlier books, essays contained in collective volumes, and journal articles) can be found by consulting the section Bibliographies.

Art. XIII.—The Origin and Early History of Chess

1898 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-141
Author(s):  
A. A. Macdonell
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
New World ◽  
Early History ◽  
European Languages ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages

No game occupies so important a position in the history of the world as that of chess. It is not only at the present day, but has been for many centuries, the most cosmopolitan of pastimes; and though one of the oldest known to civilization, it is yet undoubtedly the most intellectual. Long familiar to all the countries of the East, it has also been played for hundreds of years throughout Europe, whence it has spread to the New World, and wherever else European culture has found a footing. A map indicating the diffusion of chess over the habitable globe would therefore show hardly any blanks. Probably no other pastime of any kind can claim so many periodicals devoted exclusively to its discussion; certainly no other has given rise to so extensive a literature. The influence of chess may be traced in the poetry of the Middle Ages, in the idioms of most modern European languages, in the science of arithmetic, and even in the art of heraldry. An investigation as to its origin, development, and early diffusion therefore forms a not unimportant chapter in the history of civilization.

scholarly journals The involvement of UNESCO and international non-profit organizations in preserving historical memory and cultural heritage in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
Pavlo Chutkyi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Unstable State ◽  
Heritage Foundation ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Historical Heritage

The article deals with the review of historical memory of Pakistan. The historiography of different aspects of historical heritage and history of Pakistan are analyzed. The author examines the cooperation between the government of Pakistan and UNESCO. The author describes the features of functioning of oral history of Pakistan and most popular non-governmental organizations, which study historical heritage of this country. In order to build a successful modern state, it is necessary to pay particular attention to the specifics of the formation of historical memory, as it is designed to perform the creative function of nation-building, as it also serves as an indicator of socio-economic development in a particular country. A review of such practices on using the example of Pakistan demonstrates the importance of an active government dialogue with international organizations on issues related to the preservation of historical and cultural heritage. The analysis of the state of research and preservation of tangible and intangible cultural heritage of Pakistan allows us to distinguish several levels of study of this problem area. These are, first and foremost, the regulatory mechanisms of the Pakistani authorities, which cooperate with UNESCO on the issues related to the inclusion of Pakistani historical sites to the UNESCO World Heritage List. Other important public institutions, that preserve and disseminate historical memory together with the government, include the Heritage Foundation of Pakistan, the Khairpur Heritage Centre, and the 1947 Partition Archive. These institutions deal with the preservation of cultural heritage, historical monuments and the development of oral history in Pakistan. Studying the experience of interpreting the past and the policy of preserving cultural and historical heritage in such an internally unstable state as Pakistan will aid to understand the level of interaction between state, public and international institutions in addressing this issue.

scholarly journals Cyprus – Political Impact on its Cultural Heritage

2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Feldbacher ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Cultural Assets ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage

This article provides an overview of how the fate of cultural assets depends on political and social circumstances, in the course of the history of a country or region. In Cyprus, troubles for cultural heritage are evidenced not only by the history and the propagandistic means used by two ethnicities (Turks and Cypro-Greeks), but also by the influence of various foreign powers. Cultural heritage fell victim to robbery, looting and destruction. The article is based on two levels: The emphasis should first be on the political situation, the population and their historical heritage from antiquity to the present, then on the associated problem, which affects cultural heritage and tourism countries with it relying on. Very often, the controversy between theory and practice comes to the surface. Cultural assets have always been, and continue to be, victims of ethnic, religious and political conflicts, as well as economic and social poverty.

Writing the Jews out of History: Pseudo-Hegesippus, Classical Historiography, and the Codification of Christian Anti-Judaism in Late Antiquity

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-285
Author(s):  
Carson Bay
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Jerusalem Temple ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
John Chrysostom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Culture ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
Latin Work

AbstractScholarly narratives of the development of Christian anti-Jewish thinking in antiquity routinely cite a number of standard, well-known authors: from Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Justin Martyr in earlier centuries to Eusebius, John Chrysostom, Ambrose, Jerome, and Augustine in the fourth and early fifth centuries. The anonymous author known as Pseudo-Hegesippus, to whom is attributed a late fourth-century Latin work called On the Destruction of Jerusalem (De Excidio Hierosolymitano), rarely appears in such discussions. This has largely to do with the fact that this text and its author are effectively unknown entities within contemporary scholarship in this area (scholars familiar with Pseudo-Hegesippus tend to be specialists in medieval Latin texts and manuscripts). But “Pseudo-Hegesippus” represents a critical contribution to the mosaic of Christian anti-Jewish discourse in late antiquity. De Excidio's generic identity as a Christian piece of classical historiography makes it a unique form of ancient anti-Jewish propaganda. This genre, tied to De Excidio's probable context of writing—the wake of the emperor Julian's abortive attempt to rebuild the Jerusalem Temple, resurrect a robust Judaism, and remove Christians from public engagement with classical culture—renders De Excidio an important Christian artifact of both anti-Judaism and pro-classicism at the same time. This article situates Pseudo-Hegesippus in a lineage of Christian anti-Jewish historical thinking, argues that De Excidio codifies that discourse in a significant and singular way, frames this contribution in terms of its apparent socio-historical context, and cites De Excidio's later influence and reception as testaments to its rightful place in the history of Christian anti-Judaism, a place that modern scholarship has yet to afford it. As a piece of classical historiography that mirrors not Christian historians—like Eusebius and others—but the historians of the broader “pagan” Greco-Roman world—like Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Sallust, Livy, and Tacitus—De Excidio leverages a cultural communicative medium particularly well equipped to undergird and fuel the Christian historiographical imagination and its anti-Jewish projections.

scholarly journals Activities of Local Historians on Conservation Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Kursk Province during the Civil War

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Listopad
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Local History ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects

Introduction. The local history movement, which was formed on a voluntary basis in the Russian Empire, was placed in difficult conditions during the Civil War: a fratricidal war, which did not spare human lives, also destroyed the country’s historical and cultural values. This served as an impetus for the activation of the activity of local historians in the center, and especially in the localities. In the center are active figures of local lore S. F. Oldenburg and V. P. Semenov-Tian-Shansky called on the intelligentsia to make efforts to preserve cultural values maximumly; the All-Russian Collegium for Museums and the Preservation of Antiquities was created as part of the People’s Commissariat of the RSFSR, which included, inter alia, the famous artists I. E. Grabar, A. V. Grishchenko, K. S. Malevich. In the provinces, local historians united into the Academic Archival Commissions. They fought against the robbery of noble estates, collected and preserved cultural and historical values, and organized educational conversations. Methods. The solution of the research problems was provided by a set of interconnected theoretical (analysis of scientific literature, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization) and empirical (study and generalization of sources, hermeneutic) methods. Results. The local history movement in the Soviet Russia was placed under the control of the state authorities. During the Civil War local historians performed the function of preserving the cultural and historical heritage, organized another area of work – the history of studying the activities of the Bolshevik party on the fieldwork. Conclusion. The dedicated work of members of local history organizations in extreme conditions helped to save many cultural heritage objects from destruction: in the Kursk province, for example, the noble estates of the Nelidovs, Baryatinsky, Yusupovs and others. They managed to maintain the personnel of the organizations. Their budget even existed, which indicates a high organization of their work.

scholarly journals Bibliotheca Tessinensis – seria edycji źródłowych Książnicy Cieszyńskiej i Ośrodka Dokumentacyjnego Kongresu Polaków w Republice Czeskiej

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 359-376
Author(s):  
Janusz Spyra ◽  
Krzysztof Szelong
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Middle Ages

The editorial series Bibliotheca Tessinensis, founded in 2004, is devoted to publishing the unknown or hardy accessible source documents related to the history of Cieszyn Silesia from the Middle Ages to the present, as well as the sources of universal significance, which are stored in Cieszyn Silesia and constitute the abiding component of the cultural heritage of the region. The title of the series harks back to the edition of the bio- and bibliographical materials, planned to be edited by Leopold Jan Szersznik (1747-1814); in the publishers’ intention it grounds the series in the historiographical tradition of the region, giving it also a supranational character and outreach. Accordingly, the Bibliotheca Tessinensis is being issued in two subseries – one of them (Series Polonica) published by Książnica Cieszyńska (the Cieszyn Historical Library), and the other (Series Bohemica) – by Ośrodek Dokumentacyjny Kongresu Polaków w Republice Czeskiej (the Documentation Centre of the Congress of Poles in the Czech Republic). The consecutive volumes of both subseries, issued independently of each other, depending on the organiza tional and financial possibilities of the publishers, are prepared according to the common editorial instruction, have the same layout, and are numbered sequentially within the whole series.

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