Nutritional status of children with familial hypercholesterolemia

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
D. A. Polunina ◽  
M. E. Bagaeva ◽  
E. V. Pavlovskaya ◽  
T. V. Strokova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Aim. To study the features of the nutritional status, including physical growth, body composition, energy value of the diet and the amount of cholesterol consumed with food, in children with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).Patients and methods. The study included 39 children (19 girls, 20 boys) with familial hypercholesterolemia, both genetically confirmed (n = 11) and established on the basis of Simon Broome criteria (n = 28), aged 9.9 [6.0; 12.9] years. All children were assessed for physical growth based on the Z-score BMI, Z-score height, Z-score body weight/height calculated using the programs Anthro and Anthro plus; analysis of actual nutrition using a standard application program; study of body composition using the InBody 770 bioimpedance analyzer, the basal metabolic rate measured by indirect calorimetry.Results. 55 % of children with FH had harmonious physical growth, 27 % had a body weight deficit, 18 % were overweight or obese. 53 % of patients consumed more than 200 mg of cholesterol per day, while half of them consumed more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. The range of excess consumption of cholesterol in comparison to the recommended physiological needs for patints with FH ranged from 24 to 67 %. The fat mass according to the body composition in 47 % of patients with FH is within the normal range, in 39 % it is reduced by 18-74 %, in 14 % it is increased by 14-197 %. The median fat percentage was 17.8 [12.7; 22.4]%. According to indirect calorimetry, it was found that the level of resting energy needs corresponded to age needs in 21 % patients, in 8 % it was decreased of 2-26 %, in 2/3 of children its increase was recorded by 3-69 %. The rate of fat oxidation, on the contrary, was increased in 71 % of children by 3-86 % and reduced only in 6 %.Conclusion. The physical growth of children with FH was mainly average, harmonious, while a third of the children had a mass deficit. The level of the main indicators of lipid metabolism did not depend on the physical growth of patients. This pathology in children with normal body weight or with a body weight deficit often remains undiagnosed.

Body Composition Modifications Due to the “Search, Rescue and Survival Training” in Male Military Firefighter Cadets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Ramos de Barros ◽  
Verônica Pinto Salerno ◽  
Thalita Ponce ◽  
Míriam Raquel Meira Mainenti
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Fat Percentage

ABSTRACT Introduction To train and prepare cadets for a career as firefighters in Rio de Janeiro, the second-year students of the Officers Training Course are submitted to a Search, Rescue, and Survival Training (SRST) course, which is characterized by long periods of high physical exertion and sleep restriction during a 9-day instruction module, and food restriction during a 7-day survival module. The present study investigated changes in the body composition of 39 male cadets submitted to SRST during training and 4 weeks of recovery with no restrictions in food consumption. Materials and Methods Each cadet was evaluated by anthropometric measurements at six time points: pre-SRST; after the first module; after the second module; and after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of recovery. Measurements included body girths and skinfolds, to estimate trunk (chest and waist) and limbs (arm and thigh) dimensions, as well as body composition. Repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman test were applied (depending on each data distribution). Results Statistically significant decreases in body weight (76.2; 69.8-87.2 to 63.9; 58.9-73.5 kg) and fat free mass (FFM, 69.2; 63.7-77.2 to 60.1; 56.2-68.0 kg) were observed following the second module of SRST. Following a single week of recovery, the FFM returned to pre-SRST values. Body weight returned to pre-training levels in 2 weeks. Body fat percentage and mass also significantly decreased during SRST (9.0; 7.7-12.3 to 6.5; 5.1-9.3% and 6.9; 5.6-10.0 to 6.9; 5.6-10.0 kg, respectively), which showed a slower and more gradual recovery that reached pre-SRST values after 4 weeks. The girths of arm, thigh, chest and waist significantly decreased due to SRST. The girths of the limbs (arm and thigh) returned to pre-training values after one month of recovery, while the girths of the trunk (chest and waist) did not return to pre-SRST values during the study period. Conclusions The findings suggest that men who experience periods of high energy demands and sleep restriction followed by a period of food restriction will endure unavoidable physical consequences that can be mostly reversed by a 1-month recovery.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Body Mass Index with Body Fat Percentage of Participants EXPO 2021 Universitas Teuku Umar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Suci Eka Putri ◽  
Adelina Irmayani Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Relationship

Body mass index (BMI) is to monitor nutritional status adults, especially those related to deficiency and overweight. Body fat percentage can describe the risk of degenerative diseases.This study was conducted to measure the relationship between BMI and body fat percentage. Methods An analytical study was conducted to 41 male and 51 female participant from Universitas Teuku Umar. The body weight was measured using scales, whereas the body height was measured using microtoise. The body fat percentage was measured using Karada Scan. The BMI was calculated by dividing the body weight in kilogram divided by body height in meter square. Data was collected from 16-18th February 2021 and analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test. The results showed BMI underweight, normal, and overweight were 10,9, 57,6, and 31,5. High body fat percentage in men were 75,6% and in women were 35,5%. There is a relationship between the nutritional status of the women group and the body fat percentage with p-value is obtained = 0.021. Furthermore, for men, there is no relationship between nutritional status in the men group and the body fat percentage. There is a relationship between nutritional status and body fat percentage in women. Among this population, BMI can still be used to determine body fat percentage

scholarly journals Effectiveness of nutritional status correction in children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
A. A. Kamalova ◽  
R. F. Rakhmaeva ◽  
E. M. Ahmadullina ◽  
L. I. Basanova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

The frequency of underweight in children with cerebral palsy is about 60–70%. A benefit of nutritional support in children with cerebral palsy are underestimated. The use of nutritional support during active physical rehabilitation can have a positive effect on not only body weight, but also the component composition of the body and their rehabilitation potential.The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional support – a hypercaloric (1,5 kcal/ml) polymer formula with fibers (Pediashure 1,5 Fiber, Abbott) in children with cerebral palsy.Characteristics of children and research methods. Anthropometric indicators (body weight, height, body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, subscapular skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, shoulder muscle circumference) and body composition were studied in 15 underweight children with cerebral palsy aged 4–10 years with the level of motor disorders GMFCSIII–IV. They were prescribed of nutritional support with a hyper caloric mixture (1,5kcal/ml) with fiber lasting 3months during active physical rehabilitation.Results. Against the background of nutritional support, there was a significant increase in body weight, height, z-score of body weight, mainly due to musculoskeletal, active cell and lean mass. In addition to correcting the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy, an improvement in their motor abilities was noted.

scholarly journals Association Between KCNJ11 Gene E23K Polymorphism and Body Composition Together with Its Response to Endurance Training

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Zhou Duoqi ◽  
He Qing ◽  
Hu Yang ◽  
Li Yanchun ◽  
Xi Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Kcnj11 Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E23k Polymorphism

To explore the association between KCNJ11 gene E23K polymorphism of Chinese and body composition together with its response to endurance training. 102 biologically unrelated Han nationality male new recruits from northern China volunteered to execute a 5000-m running program, and the intensity is 95–105% individual lactate threshold. The protocol was lasted for 18 weeks, three times per week. The body composition index, including body weight (WT), lean body weight (LBW), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (Fat%), was measured before and after training. PCR-RFLP was used to detect the KCNJ11 gene E23K polymorphism. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for the frequency of genotypes in these subjects. Before training, WT, BMI and Fat% in KK group were significantly higher than those in EE and KK group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference in LBW among groups (P>0.05). After training, the changes of all body composition index in KK group were bigger significantly greater than those in EE and EK groups (P<0.01). KCNJ11 gene E23K polymorphism might contribute to individual body composition together with its response to endurance training. The body fat content at baseline in KK was more than those in EE and EK groups, and it may hinder that individual to eliminate their body fat during endurance training.

scholarly journals Potentials of bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
O. V. Perfilova ◽  
E. B. Khramova ◽  
A. V. Shaitarova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Status Assessment

Objectives: To study the potential of the bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy.Material and methods. There were examined 89 children with cerebral palsy (average age: 10,24 years±3,6 years). Such anthropometric indicators as body height (cm), body weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) were investigated. The scientists formed two comparison groups: Group 1: 40 children without malnutrition (z-score BMI over 1), Group 2: 49 children with malnutrition (z-score BMI is 1,1 and less). The body composition was evaluated by bioimpedancemetry in both groups of comparison.Results. The scientist found significant differences in body composition in terms of fat mass between boys and girls with cerebral palsy, both with malnutrition and without nutritional deficiency. They determined that children with cerebral palsy without malnutrition demonstrate various changes in the parameters of the body composition comparable to those in patients with trophic deficiency, even before the anthropometry indicators change. According to the parameters of lean mass, active cell mass in the group of children without malnutrition, the results of 40% of boys and girls were below the normative values, which indicated an altered tissue composition of the body and existing deficiency of the protein component.Conclusion. The scientists determined unidirectional changes in the body component composition in children with cerebral palsy and malnutrition and in children without trophic deficiency. The assessment of the body by bioimpedance measurement can serve as an effective tool for the diagnosis of nutritional disorders in children with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Keragaman Status Gizi dan Persentase Lemak Tubuh Mahasiswa Baru STIKes Baiturrahim

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Arnati Wulansari ◽  
Kasyani Kasyani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional

 The role of nutrition in the life cycle is very important. If there is a problem with malnutrition, this is a sign that you are at risk of suffering from chronic disease. Measurement of nutritional status and body fat percentage is important as an initial screening to prevent the risk of chronic disease. This study aims to describe the performance of the nutritional status and body fat percentage of new student STIKes Baiturrahim 2020. This study used a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted at STIKes Baiturrahim Jambi in September 2019. The number of respondents was 148 people. The data used are the characteristics of the respondents (age, sex, body weight, and height) and the percent of body fat obtained from measurement of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The results showed that most of them had normal nutritional status (64,2%) and body fat percentage was classified as normal (41,9%). It is recommended that students maintain normal nutritional status and body fat percentage and also always monitoring the body weight to prevent chronic disease

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BARAT KOTA PRABUMULIH TAHUN 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Septiana Maria Septiana
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

ABSTRAK   Gizi atau makanan merupakan bahan dasar penyusunan bahan makanan yang mempunyai fungsi sumber energy atau tenaga,  menyokong pertumbuhan badan, memelihara dan mengganti jaringan tubuh, mengatur metabolism dan berperan dalam mekanisme pertahanan tubuh. Status gizi buruk pada balita dapat menimbulkan pengaruh yang sangat menghambat pertumbuhan fisik, mental maupun kemampuan berpikir yang pada akhirnya akan menurunkan produktivitas kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diketahuinya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi balita di Puskesmas Barat Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode Survey Analitiik dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional, dimana variabel independen (pendidikan, pekerjaan dan status ekonomi) dan variabel dependen (status gizi balita) diobservasi dan dikumpulkan pada waktu yang bersamaan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara nonprobability sampling yaitu dengan accidental sampling yang dilakukan dengan mengambil responden yang kebetulan ada pada saat penelitian Sampel penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang berkunjung dan membawa anak balita  berusia 0 – 5 tahun pada tanggal 13 – 19 Januari tahun 2017 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Barat Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2017 yang berjumlah 36 responden. Analisis penelitian dengan menggunakan uji statistic Chi-Square (x2) dengan tingkat kemaknaan ( α ) = 0,05 dan tingkat kepercayaan ( ci ) 95%.   ABSTRACT   Nutrition or food is the basic ingredients for the preparation of food ingredients that have the function of energy source or energy, support the growth of the body, maintain and replace body tissues, regulate metabolism and play a role in defense mechanisms of the body. Malnutrition status in infants can cause the effect that greatly hamper the physical growth, mental and thinking ability that will eventually decrease work productivity. The purpose of this research is to know the factors related to the nutritional status of children under five at Puskesmas Barat Kota Prabumulih Year 2017. This research uses Analytic Survey method with Cross Sectional research design, where the independent variables (education, occupation and economic status) and dependent variable nutritional status of children under five) were observed and collected at the same time. The sample in this research is taken by nonprobability sampling that is by accidental sampling which is done by taking the respondent who happened to exist at the time of the research. The sample of this research is all the mothers who visit and bring toddlers aged 0 - 5 years on 13 - 19 January 2017 in Territory Occupation of Puskesmas West Prabumulih City Year 2017 which amounted to 36 respondents. Analysis of the research by using statistical test Chi-Square (x2) with significance level (α) = 0,05 and level of trust (ci) 95%.

scholarly journals Body Composition Changes of United States Smokejumpers during the 2017 Fire Season

Fire ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callie Collins ◽  
Randall Brooks ◽  
Benjamin Sturz ◽  
Andrew Nelson ◽  
Robert Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Test Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Fat Percentage

Wildland firefighting is arduous work with extreme physical and nutritional demands that often exceeds those of athletes competing in sports. The intensity and duration of job demands, impacts the amount of calories burned, which can influence body composition. The purpose of this study was to determine if the body composition of nine wildland firefighters working as smokejumpers changed throughout the 2017 fire season. Subjects (n = 9) for the study ranged in age from 24–49 (age 30.1 ± 8.3 y). Height (177 ± 18.8 cm) and weight (81.32 ± 6.39 kg) was recorded during initial body composition testing and body fat percentage was determined pre and post-season using Lange skinfold calipers. Outcomes were evaluated using a paired t-test. Body fat percentage was significantly different between pre and post-season (average body fat percentage increase = 1.31%; t = 2.31, p = 0.04, alpha = 0.05). Body weight increased slightly from pre to post-season (average increase in body weight: 0.17 kg), although the differences were not significant (t = 2.31, p = 0.78). Change in body fat percentage without change in body weight suggest that monitoring of WLFF body composition and fitness may be needed help inform dietary and fitness interventions to insure that nutritional demands of this population are sufficient to support physical work on the fireline.

scholarly journals Effects of aerobic workout on the changes in the characteristics of dynamics of the center of gravity in different age categories

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Szablics ◽  
K Orbán ◽  
S Szabó ◽  
M Dvorák ◽  
M Ungvári ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Weight Ratio

Introduction The quality and function of movements undergo deterioration due to weight gain. Aerobic training normalizes body weight, improves the health status, and in addition, it is expected to improve the dynamics of movements. The aims of this study were to prove the beneficial effects of recreational physical activities on the movements. Methods Participants were divided into five different age categories: second childhood, adolescence, mature age I, mature age II, and aging. Squatting and vertical jumping of the participants were measured at the beginning and at the end of a 5-month training program. These movements simulated ordinary daily movements. Changes in the body were determined by InBody230. APAS 3D system was used for movement analysis. Results The results showed significant improvements in body weight, fat mass, muscle mass, fat mass–body weight ratio, muscle mass–body weight ratio, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist–hip ratio. During jumping, the lifting and sinking of the center of gravity’s (CG) position and its velocity and acceleration were improved. In case of squatting, the results showed significant improvements in the velocity and acceleration of dynamical characteristics of the CG. Other correlations were observed between changes in body composition and the dynamics of movements. Discussion The research proved that recreational training optimized body composition and improved the characteristics of CG’s dynamics. The study suggests considerable connection between body composition and the characteristics of the movements’ dynamics. From this point of view, our training program was the most effective in the working age groups.

scholarly journals DISORDERS OF THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND THEIR CORRECTION IN CEREBRAL PALSY CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
L. A. Pak ◽  
S. G. Makarova ◽  
T. R. Chumbadze ◽  
A. P. Fisenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Protein Energy

The authors present the results of their own clinical study of the nutritional status of cerebral palsy (CP) children. The chemical composition of the diet of the observed patients and the body composition of patients were analyzed with bioimpedance analysis. The results of the dynamic control of the analyzed indices after the nutritive correction are presented. Aim of the study. To study the nutritional status of CP patients and evaluation of its dynamic changes with the help of bioimpendancemetry after carrying out remedial measures. Material and methods. We observed 27 CP children aged from 5 to 11 years, who were diagnosed with a protein-energy deficiency. Examination of patients included physical examination, the assessment of anthropometric indices using the “WHO Anthro+” and a body composition analysis using bioimpendancemetry. Evaluation of the actual nutrition included the study of the diet, the calculation of the chemical composition of the diet, the state of appetite and the nature of the feces. All studies were conducted in CP children twice: at the time of admission to the hospital and in the following-up period after the correction of the diet and the appointment of treatment with metabolic and vitamin preparations for 2 months. Results and conclusion. The protein-energy deficiency in CP children being associated with a disorder of the diet, decreased appetite, lack of basic macronutrients, needs the nutritive correction, including the introduction of the supplemental nutrition in their diet. The study showed that against the background of the basic drug therapy and nutritional correction there is a positive dynamics in the form of increasing Z-score body weight, Z-score ratio of body weight to age, normalization of appetite, which correlates with the normalization of the main study using bioimpedance analysis of body composition.

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