Method for diagnosing non-alcoholic liver steatosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
I. A. Bulatova ◽  
A. M. Miftakhova ◽  
I. L. Gulyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Purpose of the study. Development of a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis.Material and methods. The study involved 21 patients with confrmed non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis on ultrasound examination with an average age of 42.1 ± 10.1 years. The control group consisted of 10 apparently healthy individuals. The following indicators were determined: body mass index (BMI), the level of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), vasculoendothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum, and the steatosis index (IS) was calculated using the formula IS = –1.2390 + 0.0575 × BMI + 0.0064 × GGTP +0.0006 × VEGF + 0.0001 × IL-6. The index of the presence of hepatic steatosis according to liver ultrasound data was used as a dependent variable.Results. According to the examination results, BMI and serum concentrations of GGTP, VEGF, and IL-6 in patients with steatosis were signifcantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively), which indicates the presence of cholestasis syndrome, signs of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The correlation coeffcient between BMI and the presence of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis was 0.9; between GGTP and the presence of steatosis was 0.80; between VEGF and the presence of steatosis was 0.85; between IL-6 and the presence of steatosis was 0.80. The predictive value of each parameter of the model was assessed using a scale of values of the area under the ROC-curve (AUC). The model is effective (multiple correlation coeffcient R = 0.809; the share of the influence of the sum of the factors included in the model is R2 • 100 = 65.5%), statistically signifcant (criterion F = 12.318; p < 0.0001) and has excellent diagnostic characteristics.Conclusion. The proposed non-invasive method makes it possible to diagnose hepatic steatosis with a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specifcity of 97.0%: with IS equal to 0.5 or more, the presence of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis is diagnosed, with IS less than 0.5 is not.

CEUS detection of biliary ischaemia during the first 4 weeks after liver transplantation predicts non-anastomotic biliary stricture

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bo-wen Zheng ◽  
Shu-hong Yi ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Mei Liao ◽  
Ying-cai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Biliary Stricture ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Validation Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Full Cohort ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Nas Score

BACKGROUND: Biliary ischaemia is an important factor in the pathogenesis of non-anastomotic biliary stricture (NAS) after liver transplantation (LT). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can be used to detect biliary ischaemia, but no study has examined the utility of CEUS in predicting NAS. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether repeated CEUS as a non-invasive method of biliary ischaemia can identify NAS. METHODS: Consecutive LT patients who underwent CEUS examinations at 1–4 weeks after LT from September 2012 to December 2015 at our institution were included. The CEUS images and clinical data were analysed. RESULTS: Among 116 eligible LT patients, 39 (33.6%) were diagnosed with NAS within 1 year after LT. The patients with NAS had a significantly higher CEUS score at weeks 2–4 (all P <  0.05) and a higher slope of CEUS score progression (0.480 vs –0.044, P <  0.001). The accuracy of CEUS in identifying NAS improved over time after LT, reaching its maximum at week 4, with a sensitivity of 66.7%, a specificity of 87.9%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 75.9%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 82.3%, and an accuracy of 80.2%in the full cohort when a CEUS score≥3 was used as the cut-off. Multivariate analysis identified gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT) and the CEUS score at week 4 as independent predictors of NAS. In the task of identifying NAS, an NAS score combining the above 3 variables at week 4 showed areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.88 (95%CI, 0.78–0.99) in the estimation group (n = 60) and 0.82 (95%CI, 0.69–0.96) in the validation group (n = 56). An NAS score cut-off of 0.396 identified 87.2%of NAS cases in the estimation group, with a PPV of 93.3%; and 75.0%of NAS cases in the validation group, with a PPV of 58.8%. CONCLUSIONS: CEUS examination during the first 4 weeks is useful in assessing the risk of NAS within 1 year after LT. In particular, an NAS score combining the CEUS score, GGT level, and ALT level at week 4 can be used to accurately predict the risk of NAS in LT patients.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF DETERMINATION OF PARENCHYMAL ORGANS DISTURBANCES DURING ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION OF REPRODUCTIVE TRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Strahinja ĆIBIĆ ◽  
Miloš PAVLOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Follicular Cyst ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Invasive Method

Ultrasound Real time 2D diagnostics, being an available and non-invasive method, issuccessfully used in human medicine, veterinary medicine and biology to diagnose bothphysiological and pathological conditions. In the case of small animals, the ultrasound is often usedto diagnose gravidity, number, size and vitality of fetuses as well as to diagnose pathologicalconditions present in the genital tract, and is also used to examine testicles and prostate of maleanimals. Today's advanced use of the ultrasound diagnostics provides us with an opportunity todetect numerous pathological conditions of reproductive tract of both female and male animals, andthose conditions directly affect health status of other internal organs. The aim of this study is todiagnose primary genital tract disorders using the ultrasound diagnostics, as well as proving itsconnection to the changes in parenchymal organs. The ultrasound examination was performed onthe total of 12 dogs, 6 male and 6 female dogs. Ovaries, uterus and the organs in the abdominal areawere examined using a transducer ranging from 5 to 8 MHz. A transducer of 7.5 MHz was used toexamine prostates and testicles. The patients were in dorsal position. Three out of six examined maledogs exhibited changes on their prostates, and the remaining one had a tumor on the testicles. Cystitisand hyperplasia of prostate were also found upon the examination of these dogs. One out of sixexamined female dogs, had cystic endometrial hyperplasia, three of them had pyometra, and one ofthem was diagnosed with an follicular cyst. In addition to these pathological conditions, changeswere noticed in the liver and pancreas. Along with the detection of primary changes in the genitaltract of both male and female animals, the ultrasound diagnostics can be used to discover consequentchanges in parenchymal organs.

scholarly journals Protective effect of apricot (Prunus armeniacaL.) on hepatic steatosis and damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in Wistar rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1767-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feral Ozturk ◽  
Mehmet Gul ◽  
Burhan Ates ◽  
I. Cetin Ozturk ◽  
Asli Cetin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix

The present study was planned to investigate the protective effect of 10 % and 20 % apricot-containing feed on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic steatosis and damage. Adult male Wistar rats (n42) were divided into six groups of seven each, as follows: control group; CCl4group; CCl4+10 % apricot group; CCl4+20 % apricot group; 10 % apricot group; 20 % apricot group. All apricot groups were fed with 10 % or 20 % apricot-containing feed for 5 months. CCl4injections were applied to the CCl4groups at the dose of 1 mg/kg for 3 d at the end of 5 months. In the CCl4group, vacuolated hepatocytes and hepatic necrosis were seen, especially in the centrilobular area. Hepatocytes showed an oedematous cytoplasmic matrix, large lipid globules and degenerated organelles. The area of liver injury was found significantly decreased with apricot feeding. Malondialdehyde and total glutathione levels and catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly changed in the CCl4group and indicated increased oxidative stress. Apricot feeding decreased this oxidative stress and ameliorated histological damage. We concluded that apricot feeding had beneficial effects on CCl4-induced liver steatosis and damage probably due to its antioxidant nutrient (β-carotene and vitamin) contents and high radical-scavenging capacity. Dietary intake of apricot can reduce the risk of liver steatosis and damage caused by free radicals.

scholarly journals Can Tc-99m labeled erythrocyte scintigraphy be an alternative non-invasive method to endometriosis diagnosis?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Fatih Demirel ◽  
Gokhan Koca ◽  
Koray Demirel ◽  
Huseyin Aydogmus ◽  
Aylin Akbulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteer ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pelvic Mri ◽  
Endometrial Gland ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Background: Endometriosis is defined as the implantation of endometrial gland and stroma ectopically outside the uterus. Clinically, it is a hormone dependent benign disease accompanied by pelvic pain and infertility. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the activated implants with 99m-Tc labeled erythrocyte scintigraphy (99mTc-RBCs) in patients with recurrent endometriosis and compare the results with pelvic MRI results.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed histopathologically as endometriosis either with operation and / or therapeutic laparascopy or laparotomy and, were included to present study. Thirty patients, who were diagnosed as recurrence by clinical, and laboratory terms and 10 healthy volunteer (control group) patients were included in the study. Between the second and fifth days of menstruation when the endometriotic lesions were highly activated, radionuclide imaging was performed by 99mTc-RBCs and compared with pelvic MRI findings.Results: In 27 patients out of 30 patients (90%) pathological accumulation of radioactivity foci with 99mTc-RBCs were present. The focal pathological accumulation was significant in 26 patients and moderate in 1 patient. In 22 patients (81.5%) the increased radioactivity accumulation in radionuclide images was concordant with MRI images. Regarding the MRI as reference, the sensitivity of 99mTc-RBCs was determined as 96%, specificity 29%, positive predicitive value 81% and negative predictive value was 66%.Conclusions: Imaging of endometriosis regions with 99m-Tc-RBCs can be an alternative diagnostic procedure for the patients with recurrent endometriosis.

scholarly journals Screening method for diagnosis of pharyngolaryngeal reflux

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-239
Author(s):  
Marina A. Ryabova ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Shumilova ◽  
Liubov V. Georgieva ◽  
Artem V. Tishkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Complaints ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Pharyngolaryngeal reflux (PLR) can cause the upper respiratory tract pathology. To diagnose PLR based on complaints is rather difficult, due to the absence of typical manifestations of reflux syndrome in some cases of the disease. The use of daily impedance pH monitoring of the esophagus is not always possible due to the invasiveness and unavailability of the method. The aim of the study was to develop an affordable non-invasive method for diagnosing PLR. The study group consisted of 48 patients with PLR proven by the results of impedance pH-monitoring. The control group consisted of 20 healthy patients. The “Pharyngolaryngeal reflux index” questionnaire was developed based on the analysis of patient complaints. The questionnaire was assessed using ROC analysis. Patients who scored 5.5 points according to the results of the questionnaire with a probability of 93.2% have PLR. Thus, a method for the diagnosis of PLR has been developed, including the simultaneous comparison of the laryngoscopic signs of PLR with the highest diagnostic sensitivity (hyperemia, edema, maceration of the interarytenoid mucosa) and “Pharyngolaryngeal reflux index” questionnaire results, which allows diagnosing of PLR.

scholarly journals Failure of noninvasive prediction of pulmonary hypertension in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Salajka ◽  
V. Bartoš ◽  
J. Novosad ◽  
J. Št'ásek ◽  
J. Bis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Made In

Background. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complication connected with unfavorable prognosis. Great efforts have been made in attempting to establish a reliable non-invasive method which would enable detection of this complication. In this context a formula using pulmonary function parameters was published with outstanding results. Methods. We tested the formula in 27 IPF patients who underwent a lung function examination, cardiac ultrasonography and catheterisation on the same day. Results. Pulmonary hypertension was detected by catheterisation in 17 patients (63%). In our group, contrary to the published data, the aforementioned formula was neither useful for detecting patients with a high probability of PH nor as a means of calculating the mean pulmonary artery pressure in individual patients (p=0.502 and p=0.833, respectively). Ultrasound examination reached borderline correlation with the values measured by catheterisation when we compare patients with relevant results (r=0.531, p=0.051). However, the examination gave no usable results in 13 patients (48%). Conclusion. Our data suggests that no reliable, noninvasive method is currently available for detecting and confirming PH in IPF patients. We did not confirm the usefulness of the published formula. Further carefully organised studies will be necessary to verify or refute it.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Essential Oils ofThymus vulgarisandOriganum vulgareonEchinococcus granulosus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Pensel ◽  
M. A. Maggiore ◽  
L. B. Gende ◽  
M. J. Eguaras ◽  
M. G. Denegri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Time Dependent Effect ◽  
Induce Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Anthelmintic Effect

The aim of the present work was to determine thein vitroeffect ofT. vulgarisandO. vulgareessential oils againstE. granulosusprotoscoleces and cysts. Essential oils were added to the medium resulting in thymol final concentrations of 10 μg/mL. The essential oils had a time-dependent effect provoking the complete loss of protoscolex viability after 72 days of postincubation. The results were confirmed at the ultrastructure level. Loss of infectivity in protoscoleces incubated withO. vulgareafter 60 days was observed. On the other hand, the weight of cysts recorded in mice inoculated withT. vulgaristreated protoscoleces was significantly lower than that obtained in control group. Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity was readily detected in the culture supernatant of protoscoleces treated either with the essential oils or thymol.T. vulgarisandO. vulgareessential oils and thymol can induce cell apoptosis of protoscoleces after short incubation times. The efficacy ofT. vulgarisandO. vulgareessential oils was also demonstratedin vitroonE. granulosusmurine cysts. Our data suggest that essential oils ofT. vulgarisandO. vulgarehave anthelmintic effect against protoscoleces and cysts ofE. granulosus.

scholarly journals Cytologic alterations in the oral mucosa after chronic exposure to ethanol

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Regina de Almeida Reis ◽  
Alexandre Ribeiro do Espírito Santo ◽  
Miguel Gustavo Setúbal Andrade ◽  
Moysés Sadigursky
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Ethanol Group ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Abnormal Nucleus ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

The effects of ethanol alone on the oral mucosa are still poorly understood, especially because there are few non-smoking chronic consumers of alcoholic beverages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of micronucleus, abnormal nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis in exfoliated cells from the buccal mucosa and from the lateral border of the tongue in 36 non-smoker alcoholics (ethanol group) and 18 non-smokers and non-drinkers (control group). The Papanicolaou method was used. Since alcoholics generally have hepatobiliary involvement, the association between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and some of the analyzed oral mucosa alterations was also investigated. The ethanol group showed a significant increase in the frequency of all alterations analyzed in the tongue cells when compared with the control group (p < 0.01; Mann-Whitney). However, the presence of these changes in buccal mucosa cells was not statistically significant (p > 0.05; Mann-Whitney). In the ethanol group, the correlation between serum GGT and the frequency of micronucleus and abnormal nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in oral mucosa cells was not significant (p > 0.05; Spearman). In conclusion, chronic exposure to ethanol may be associated with carcinogenic cytologic changes in the oral mucosa, even in the absence of tobacco smoking. These alterations were not correlated with hepatobiliary injury.

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