scholarly journals Rupert Brooke’s “The Soldier” Revisited: A New Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Main Thesis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Perspective

Though Rupert Brooke’s “The Soldier” has often been interpreted, categorized or dismissed as a poem on idealized patriotism, its underlying nationalistic and colonialist/imperialist dimensions have not been duly treated alongside its patriotic dimension. Since the 1980s, there has been a resurgence of interest in such interrelated themes as patriotism, nationalism, and postcolonialism due to the engagement of some political, philosophical, and literary theorists with a wide range of conceptual and moral debates. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine Brooke’s poem in greater detail and, consequently, to update the previous research on this poem in light of these debates. The main thesis of the paper is that Brook’s “The Soldier” is a multifaceted poem which has a variety of different features which can be interpreted on various levels, namely patriotism, nationalism, and colonialism/imperialism.

Innovation in Byzantine Medicine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Bouras-Vallianatos
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Medieval Medicine ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
First Time

Byzantine medicine is still a little-known and misrepresented field not only in the wider arena of debates on medieval medicine but also among Byzantinists. Byzantine medical literature is often viewed as ‘stagnant’ and mainly preserving ancient ideas; and our knowledge of it continues to be based to a great extent on the comments of earlier authorities, which are often repeated uncritically. This book presents the first comprehensive examination of the medical corpus of, arguably, the most important late Byzantine physician John Zacharias Aktouarios (c.1275–c.1330). The main thesis is that John’s medical works show an astonishing degree of openness to knowledge from outside Byzantium combined with a significant degree of originality, in particular, in the fields of uroscopy, pharmacology, and human physiology. The analysis of John’s edited (On Urines and On Psychic Pneuma) and unedited (Medical Epitome) works is supported for the first time by the consultation of a large number of manuscripts. The study is also informed by evidence from a wide range of medical sources, including previously unpublished ones, and texts from other genres, such as epistolography and merchants’ accounts. The contextualization of John’s works sheds new light on the development of Byzantine medical thought and practice, and enhances our understanding of the late Byzantine social and intellectual landscape. Finally, John’s medical observations are also examined in the light of examples from the medieval Latin and Islamic worlds, placing his medical theories in the wider Mediterranean milieu and highlighting the cultural exchange between Byzantium and its neighbours.

Socio-Semantic Processes in Social Actors Representation: A Case Study of “Ya-Sin”

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-169
Author(s):  
Roghayeh Farsi
Keyword(s):  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Linear Nature ◽  
Do So ◽  
Semantic Processes

AbstractThe academic field of Qurʾānic Studies employs a wide range of approaches, each one of which helps to open up a new perspective on the Qurʾānic text. The Holy Book was revealed to guide people; it is thus of relevance to all aspects of people’s lives. This article focuses on the way social actors are represented in one Meccansūra, entitled “Ya-Sin”, and employs a case-study approach to do so. The analysis carried out includes the socio-semantic processes that thesūrauses in order to represent social actors either by behavior (action) or meaning (reflection), and it also analyzes the actors as they are represented in processes such as activation and passivation. The methodology adopted is eclectic and analytic. It is a hybrid of Swales’ move analysis, El-Awa’s identification of shift-markers, and Halliday’s and Van Leeuwen’s theories of social actor representation. This study shows how such an analysis can contribute to understanding the apparently fragmented and non-linear nature of “Ya-Sin”.

scholarly journals Characterization of an Insoluble and Soluble Form of Melanin Produced by Streptomyces cavourensis SV 21, a Sea Cucumber Associated Bacterium

Marine Drugs ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Joko Tri Wibowo ◽  
Matthias Y. Kellermann ◽  
Lars-Erik Petersen ◽  
Yustian R. Alfiansah ◽  
Colleen Lattyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Form ◽  
Insoluble Form ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Purification Protocol

Melanin is a widely distributed and striking dark-colored pigment produced by countless living organisms. Although a wide range of bioactivities have been recognized, there are still major constraints in using melanin for biotechnological applications such as its fragmentary known chemical structure and its insolubility in inorganic and organic solvents. In this study, a bacterial culture of Streptomyces cavourensis SV 21 produced two distinct forms of melanin: (1) a particulate, insoluble form as well as (2) a rarely observed water-soluble form. The here presented novel, acid-free purification protocol of purified particulate melanin (PPM) and purified dissolved melanin (PDM) represents the basis for an in-depth comparison of their physicochemical and biological properties, which were compared to the traditional acid-based precipitation of melanin (AM) and to a synthetic melanin standard (SM). Our data show that the differences in solubility between PDM and PPM in aqueous solutions may be a result of different adjoining cation species, since the soluble PDM polymer is largely composed of Mg2+ ions and the insoluble PPM is dominated by Ca2+ ions. Furthermore, AM shared most properties with SM, which is likely attributed to a similar, acid-based production protocol. The here presented gentler approach of purifying melanin facilitates a new perspective of an intact form of soluble and insoluble melanin that is less chemical altered and thus closer to its original biological form.

scholarly journals On C-E Translation of Culture-Specific Items from the Perspective of Eco-translatology—A Case Study of Howard Goldblatt’s Red Poppies

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Free Translation ◽  
Ecological Culture ◽  
Translation Methods ◽  
New Perspective

<div>This thesis researches the translation of Chinese culture-specific items in <em>Red Poppies</em> from the perspectives of Eco-translatology. Eco-translatology, which was put forward by Chinese scholar Hu Gengshen, adopts some concepts of ecology in translatology and provides a new perspective for translation study and practice. <em>Red Poppies</em> is a novel by Alai whose contents covers a wide range of Tibetan culture and history, which is praised as Tibetan encyclopedia. On one hand, the study focuses on the definition and features of culture-specific items, and their classification of in Red</div><div>Poppies. Based on Nida’s classification of five categories of sub-culture, those culture-specific items are classified into five groups, namely linguistic culture-specific items, material culture-specific items, ecological culture--specific items, social culture-specific items and religious culture-specific items. On the other hand, this thesis explores how Goldblatt deal with those culture-specific items from the perspective of three-dimension transformation in eco-translatology, and it finds translator adopts a combination of foreignization strategy and domestication strategy, and the former plays a dominating role. Besides, various translation methods are adopted such as free translation, transliteration, transliteration plus annotation, and amplification and so on.</div>

scholarly journals Latitudinal gradients in intraspecific ecological diversity

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 20130778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio S. Araújo ◽  
Raul Costa-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Latitudinal Gradients ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Invertebrate Animal ◽  
Niche Variation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Patterns ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
New Perspective

The increase in the number of species with decreasing latitude is a striking pattern of global biodiversity. An important feature of studies of this pattern up to now has been the focus on species as the fundamental unit of interest, neglecting potential within-species ecological diversity. Here, we took a new perspective on this topic by measuring the degree to which individuals within populations differ in niche attributes across a latitudinal gradient (range: 54.01° S to 69.12° N). We show that 156 populations of 76 species across a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate animal taxa contain more ecologically diverse assemblages of individuals towards lower latitudes. Our results add a new level of complexity to our understanding of global patterns of biodiversity and suggest the possibility that niche variation is partly responsible for the latitudinal gradients of species diversity.

scholarly journals Motor primitives in space and time via targeted gain modulation in cortical networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake P. Stroud ◽  
Mason A. Porter ◽  
Guillaume Hennequin ◽  
Tim P. Vogels
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Network ◽  
Learning Rule ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Perspective

AbstractMotor cortex (M1) exhibits a rich repertoire of activities to support the generation of complex movements. Although recent neuronal-network models capture many qualitative aspects of M1 dynamics, they can generate only a few distinct movements. Additionally, it is unclear how M1 efficiently controls movements over a wide range of shapes and speeds. We demonstrate that simple modulation of neuronal input–output gains in recurrent neuronal-network models with fixed architecture can dramatically reorganize neuronal activity and thus downstream muscle outputs. Consistent with the observation of diffuse neuromodulatory projections to M1, we show that a relatively small number of modulatory control units provide sufficient flexibility to adjust high-dimensional network activity using a simple reward-based learning rule. Furthermore, it is possible to assemble novel movements from previously learned primitives, and one can separately change movement speed while preserving movement shape. Our results provide a new perspective on the role of modulatory systems in controlling recurrent cortical activity.

scholarly journals Host-microbiome coevolution promotes cooperation in a rock-paper-scissor dynamic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ohad Lewin-Epstein ◽  
Lilach Hadany
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Evolution Of Cooperation ◽  
Host Behavior ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractCooperation is a fundamental behavior observed in all forms of life. The evolution of cooperation has been widely studied, but almost all theories focused on the cooperating individual and its genes. We suggest a different approach, taking into account the microbes carried by the interacting individuals. Accumulating evidence reveal that microbes can affect their host wellbeing and behavior, yet hosts can evolve mechanisms to resist the manipulations of their microbes. We thus propose that coevolution of microbes with their hosts may favor microbes that induce their host to cooperate. Using computational modeling, we show that microbe-induced cooperation can evolve and be maintained in a wide range of conditions, including when facing hosts’ resistance to the microbial effect. We find that host-microbe coevolution leads the population to a rock-paper-scissors dynamic, that enables maintenance of cooperation in a polymorphic state. This theory may help explain occurrences of cooperation in a wide variety of organisms, including in cases that are difficult to explain by current theories. In addition, this study provides a new perspective on the coevolution of hosts and their microbiome, emphasizing the potential role of microbes in shaping their host behavior.

scholarly journals Note of Existentialism in the Poetry of Philip Larkin

IIUC Studies ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taj Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Cultural Events ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Philip Larkin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Perspective

Existentialism became popular in the twentieth century, and it captured virtually every form of human thought and expression, including the novel, the theatre, poetry, art and theology. Though this philosophy had no specific system or sets of systems, yet it got a wide range of responses due to contemporary social circumstances. Individuals of the 20th century had a problematic existence with anguish, uncertainty, fear, alienation and despair because of different negative socio-political and cultural events that affected every aspect of life in Europe. Philip Larkin belonged to the same century and most of his poems present the typical problems of existence of an individual in the contemporary society. With an aim of better understanding of the poetry of Philip Larkin this paper explores how the poet, while dealing with the themes of his poetry, reflects the mood and ideas of existentialist philosophers. Since philosophy is closely connected with literature, as with other branches of knowledge, this study may help the readers understand Larkin’s poetry from a new perspective. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v6i0.12251 IIUC Studies Vol.6 2010: 97-110

On possible improvment of fundamental star coordinate system using radiointerferometric and photographic Quasar observations

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Gubanov ◽  
I.I. Kumkova
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Radio Source ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Very Long Baseline Interferometry ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Perspective

At present the astrometry possesses the new perspective measuring method namely very long baseline interferometry (VLBl).Possibility of establishing inertial (unrotating) radio source coordinate system (IRCS) is one of VLBI technique advantages. This system may be useful as a reference system for studying of a wide range of geodynamic, ce -lestial mechanic, geophysic, navigational and other applied astrometry problems.

Reducing Tire-Induced Noise and Vibration2

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
C. Yilmaz ◽  
G. M. Hulbert ◽  
N. Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Practical Performance ◽  
New Perspective

Abstract Tire-induced noise and vibration spans a wide range of frequencies, depending on, among other attributes, tread design, road surface, and vehicle speed. Vehicle designers are faced with the daunting task of minimizing this broad frequency of energy. The design of suspension systems must take into account the need to have a well-tuned frequency response. In this paper, a new approach toward minimizing tire-induced noise and vibration is presented. The methodology is based upon a new perspective of employing antiresonance, as opposed to damping phenomena, to effectively tune systems for practical performance. The mechanical structure of the system is amenable to cost-effective manufacture and can be packaged in different configurations. We present the fundamental approach toward the design and give several example configurations.

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