scholarly journals Utilization of Nutrients in a Crystalline Amino Acid Diet as Influenced by Certain Non-Essential Amino Acids

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Klain ◽  
H.M. Scott ◽  
B. Connor Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Diet

scholarly journals Studies on unidentified growth factors

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bunyan ◽  
Elspeth A. Murrell ◽  
M. A. Cawthorne ◽  
B. T. Redman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Torula Yeast ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Organic Factor ◽  
Amino Acid Diet ◽  
Low Activity

1. Chicks at 10 d of age were given diets containing all the nutrients known to be required, with L-amino acids in place of protein. Dietary supplements were added isonitrogenously.2. Ox liver (100 g/kg) greatly improved the chicks' growth rate, whereas torula yeast (50 g/kg) was inactive. The activity of fresh moist liver was considered to be due largely to an organic factor, because of the inactivity of water and the low activity of liver ash.3. The growth rates of chicks receiving diets based upon casein and isolated soya-bean protein were significantly improved by the inclusion of 100 g fresh ox liver/kg, but not of 50 g torula yeast/kg.4. These results show that chicks receiving an amino acid diet require an organic growth factor (Progressin) that differs from the yeast factor required by rats receiving an amino acid diet.

Effect of amino acid blend as alternative to antibiotics for growing pigs

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykelly da S Gomes ◽  
Alysson Saraiva ◽  
Dante T Valente Júnior ◽  
Leandro L de Oliveira ◽  
Amanda M Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Diet ◽  
Intermediate Results

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing arginine (Arg) + glutamine (Gln) replacing antibiotics on performance, immune response, and antioxidant capacity of pigs in the growing phase. One hundred and fifty 63-d-old pigs with initial body weight (BW) of 25.0 ± 1.46 kg were distributed in a randomized block design, with three treatments and ten replicates. The three diets were control; antibiotic, control + 100 mg/kg tiamulin and 506 mg/kg oxytetracycline; amino acid, control + 10 g/kg Arg and 2 g/kg Gln. Dietary treatments were fed from 63 to 77 d. Following the treatment period, all pigs were fed the control diet from 77 to 90 d. Data were analyzed using GLIMMIX and UNIVARIATE in SAS 9.4. From 63 to 70 d, pigs fed diets with antibiotics had improved (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F), and 70 d BW compared to those fed control or amino acid diets. From 70 to 77 d, including antibiotics in the diet increased (P < 0.05) ADG and 77 d BW. From 77 to 90 d, pigs fed the amino acid diet had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI than those fed an antibiotic diet. From 63 to 90 d, although pig performance was not affected (P > 0.05), growth curve of pigs fed the antibiotic diets was different (P < 0.05) from those fed the control and amino acids diets. At 70 d, serum tumor necrosis factor-α and diamine oxidase (DAO) were lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the antibiotic diet than the control diet, and pigs fed the amino acid diet had intermediate results. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the amino acid diet than the antibiotic diet, and pigs fed the control diet had intermediate results. At 70 and 77 d, serum urea nitrogen was higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the amino acid diet. At 77 d, DAO and serum immunoglobulin G was lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the antibiotic diet. FRAP was lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the amino acid and control diets. Serum malondialdehyde was higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the amino acid diet than those fed the control diet, and pigs fed the antibiotic diet had intermediate results. At 90 d, antibiotics or amino acids did not affect (P > 0.05) serum parameters. Amino acid blend supplementation at the selected doses in this study did not positively affect growing pigs. Although from 63 to 77 d, antibiotics improved performance, when considering the overall study period, growing pigs did not benefit from a diet containing antibiotics.

Effect of a high amino acid diet on antioxidant barrier parameters of rat skin. Part 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
M. Knaś ◽  
M. Niczyporuk ◽  
K. Grądzka ◽  
H. Car
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
High Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Diet

<b>Purpose:</b> The imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity of the body is known as oxidative stress. Exposition of the skin to free radicals, the origin of the internal and external causes activation of multiple mechanisms to eliminate them and prevent in this way the development of oxidative stress. The aim of this experiment was examining what changes are taking place in the antioxidant barrier of unwounded healthy skin of rats, who are on a high amino acids diet for 7 and 14 days at administered doses of 0.3 and 0.5 g/kg body weight. <br/><b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study was performed on male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups: 1. control (standard feed), 2. high amino acid diet (WPC-80 80% whey protein) administered for 7 days at a dose of 0.3g/kg of body weight, 3. WPC-80 for 7 days at a dose of 0.5g/kg of body weight, 4. WPC-80 for 14 days at a dose of 0.3g/kg of body weight, 5. WPC-80 for 14 days at a dose of 0.5g/kg of body weight. The concentration of superoxide dismutase 2 and 3, the concentration of catalase specific activity of glutathione peroxidase, the concentration of glutathione and total protein content were determined. <br/><b>Results:</b> The supplementation of the standard diet by the preparation of WPC-80 administered in a dose 0.5 g/kg body weight for 14 days containing methionine and cysteine (essential amino acids involved in the formation of glutathione), significantly increases the concentration of reduced glutathione. <br/><b>Conclusions:</b> Enrichment of a standard diet with WPC-80 caused by the significant increases of non-enzymatic antioxidant.

Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4972
Author(s):  
Lata Birlangi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Social Part

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind’s oldest cultivated plants. The fruit of the date palm is an important crop of the hot arid and semi-arid regions of the world. It has always played a genuine economic and social part in the lives of the people of these areas. The present objective in examining the amino acid content of different varieties of date palm fruits from Middle-East region; is to determine whether its protein could effectively supplement the nutritional value and it is also aimed in finding which variety is rich in number of amino acids. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of eight essential amino acids and five non-essential amino acids in the date fruits. Among all the date fruit varieties taken as samples for the study, Dabbas cultivar of United Arab Emirates found to exhibit eight types of amino acids which includes five as non-essential ones. Total of thirteen amino acids were detected in the seven date cultivars. Determination of amino acid can serve as a guide to the possible nutritional value.

scholarly journals Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yun Liu ◽  
Shemil P. Macelline ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

AbstractThe prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein (CP) diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best achieved. Reduced-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions; moreover, they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible extents. The variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are addressed. The more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino acids. Deamination of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine, this emphasises the value of so-called “non-essential” amino acids. Starch digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed, although the functions of insulin in avian species require clarification. Maize is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets; if so, the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be instructive. Moderating increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler performance. Threonine is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised performance. If progress in these directions can be realised, then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

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