scholarly journals National geospatial data infrastructure of Ukraine in the world dimension: state and urgent tasks of development and sustainable functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (I) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Yu. KARPINSKYI ◽  
◽  
A. LYASHCHENKO ◽  
D. MAKARENKO ◽  
A. CHERIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
National Profile

The purpose of this paper is to summarize world experience and trends in the development of geospatial data infrastructure (SDI) in developed countries, assess the state of formation of the national geospatial data infrastructure (NSDI) in Ukraine, identify key problems and tasks to ensure its sustainable development and functioning. Methodology. Monographic method for processing scientific publications, regulations, standards and other materials for the creation of NSDI. The assessment of the state of formation of the NSDI in Ukraine was made according to the indicators that were determined by the UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM). Results. The key principles, architecture and roles of producers, holders and users of data of three generations SDIs, observed in the evolution of SDIs in developed countries, are determined. Periodization of the main initiatives and projects in 1992–2020, concerning the formation of NSDI in Ukraine. The overall assessment of the state of NSDI in Ukraine according to UN-GGIM indicators at the time of the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On National Geospatial Data Infrastructure” (2020) is 0.39, which corresponds to the rating of countries with a “geospatial gap”. The biggest challenges were identified in the areas of governance and institutional support, financial support, production and updating of data, ability and education, communication and partnership. The basic architecture, the composition of geoinformation services of the NSDI geoportals of Ukraine and the means of achieving interoperability of NSDI components based on the implementation of the national profile of geographic information standards harmonized with the international standards of the ISO 19100 series and the technical specifications of the Open Geospatial Consortium have been substantiated. Scientific novelty. Assessment of the state of formation of NSDI in Ukraine according to UN-GGIM indicators, substantiation of directions and technological models of ensuring interoperability of NSDI components taking into account the conditions of Ukraine. Practical significance. The key problems and urgent tasks of NSDI development in Ukraine are identified, the sequence of stages of its development is substantiated by the priority implementation of the basic network of infrastructure geoportals for access to existing geospatial data with the gradual provision of their interoperability and consistency based on the use of the unified set of basic geospatial data and the implementation of the national profile of geoinformation standards.

scholarly journals GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 92,2020 (92) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Yurii Karpinkyi ◽  
◽  
Nadiia Lazorenko-Hevel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
International Standards ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Topographic Mapping ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
The Creation

The article proposes a new development concept of topographic mapping in Ukraine. The goal. It is based on the implementation of a new system model that responds to the geoinformation approach to topographic mapping in the development of National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) and provides the creation of geospatial data sets in the form of databases and knowledge bases based on existing standards and specifications: series of International Standards ISO 19100 “Geographic information/Geomatics”, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGS), INSPIRE, National Standards of Ukraine (DSTU), Complex of Standards Organization of Ukraine (SOU) “Topographic database”. Methods. The basis for the research is the analysis of the possibilities of applying the theory of databases and knowledge bases International Standards and specifications. Scientific novelty and practical significance. It provides a high intellectual level of Core Reference and profile geospatial data, which is capable to provide geoinformation analysis and modeling in modern GIS. In addition, the implementation the infrastructure approach to topographic production and the creation and development of a permanent topographic monitoring system will ensure the publication of geospatial data in real time, almost simultaneously with changes in the terrain, which guarantees the maintenance of the single digital topographic basis and, accordingly, Core Reference Datasets for NSDI.

scholarly journals METHODS AND MEANS OF ENSURING THE INTEROPERABILITY OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Lyashchenko ◽  
Yuriy Karpinskyi ◽  
Yevheniy Havryliuk ◽  
Andriy Cherin
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Technical Regulations

Interoperability is one of the key characteristics of the national geospatial data infrastructure (NSDI), on which depends the effectiveness of the interaction of holders, producers and users of geospatial data in the network of geoportals. The article substantiates the methods and means of achieving a high level of interoperability of the components of the Ukraine NSDI on the basis of ensuring the consistency of geospatial data supplied by different data producers, standardization of metadata and interfaces of geoinformation services. It is established that the bases of the legislative and organizational level of interoperability are defined in the Law of Ukraine "On the national geospatial data infrastructure " and in the "Procedure for the operation of NSDI". To ensure the interoperability of the components of the Ukraine NSDI at the semantic and technical levels, it is necessary to develop a set of technical regulations that define common requirements for: composition and structure of metadata, interfaces and functions of geographic information services, compatibility of geospatial data sets, classification systems, coding and unique identification of geospatial objects, open data exchange formats. These technical regulations should be based on the consistent and comprehensive implementation of the methodology of the basic international standards of the ISO 19100 Geographic Information / Geomatics series, the effectiveness of which has been confirmed by the successful implementation of NSDI in many countries of the world. 

scholarly journals Confidentiality and scam in the internet

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Olga Shulga
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Commercial Organizations

The purpose of the work is to consider the theoretical and practical aspects of fraud in the Internet sphere and on this basis to identify ways to ensure the confidentiality and cybersecurity of private users and commercial organizations. The methodological basis of the work is the use of general and special methods of scientific knowledge. Methods of combining analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction have been used to identify different types of fraud in the Internet. Generalization methods, logical and empirical, were used in determining the directions of development of the national cyber defense system and ensuring confidentiality. The main results of the work: The most common methods of fraud with the use of bank payment cards are identified, among which: a fake poll on social networks with a prize draw; a phone call to obtain classified information; SIM card replacement for access to online banking; online payments on unsecured sites; phishing; copying card data when handed over; unsecured WI-Fi networks; computers in public places; skimming for card data theft; unauthorized micropayments; ATM fraud; use of malicious programs (viruses), fake sites in order to compromise the details of electronic payment instruments and/or logins/passwords for access to Internet/mobile banking systems; dissemination (sale, dissemination) of information on compromised data; terminal network fraud; fraud in remote service systems; social engineering. Basic security rules are defined to prevent fraud. The experience of European countries in the field of cybersecurity is analyzed. The directions of adaptation of the current legislation on cybersecurity to the EU standards are outlined and the directions of development of the national system of cybersecurity are defined. The practical significance of the results is to deepen the understanding of the nature and mechanism of various types of fraud in the Internet. The recommendations proposed in the paper can form a methodological and theoretical basis for the development of economic policy of the state to ensure the confidentiality and cybersecurity of private users and commercial organizations. Conclusions. The state should establish an effective oversight body in the field of personal data protection, but security measures and online restrictions should comply with international standards. The use of encryption should not be prohibited at the legislative level, as such restrictions reduce the ability of citizens to protect themselves from illegal intrusions into privacy. In addition, the state policy in the Internet should be aimed at promoting the development and operation of secure Internet technologies and the formation of mechanisms to protect against services and protocols that threaten the technical functioning of the Internet from viruses, phishing and more.

scholarly journals DOOMED TO DEATH: ABORTIONS AND ABORTION TOURISM

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Nina Myronets ◽  
Oksana Romaniv ◽  
Oksana Yaromenko
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the study is to group the countries of the world according to the availability and legality of abortion and to identify patterns of development of tourist flows of abortion tourism. The research methodology includes a system of methods and techniques: monographic method (used to process materials from literary sources and Internet resources), statistical method (used to assess the prevalence of abortion), cartographic method (used to visualize the legality and availability of abortion around the world), classification method (used to group countries according to the criterion of the level of availability and legality of abortion). Research results. The geography of tourist flows of one of the types of medical tourism (abortion tourism) was analyzed. It arose as a result of the possibility of obtaining medical procedures abroad, prohibited or restricted in their own country. Attention was focused on the factors of legality and accessibility of these medical services in the countries. There are four groups of countries on the availability of abortion: 1) freedom of abortion; 2) abortion for medical and socio-economic reasons; 3) abortion for medical reasons and in other exceptional cases; 4) complete ban. The right to terminate a pregnancy at the woman's request is guaranteed in 71% of developed countries and in 16% of developing countries. Most countries that restrict abortion throughout the territory or in its separate administrative units - this is the state of Africa and South Asia and Latin America. But abortion tourism is the most intensive in Europe. The controversy over abortion has not abated. The two main groups in discussion call themselves "for choice" (with an emphasis on women's right to choose) and "for life" (with an emphasis on the unborn child's right to life). The scientific novelty of the work is that the proposed grouping of countries according to the legality and availability of abortion, outlines the factors of abortion tourism. The main directions of tourist flows of abortion tourism in Europe are determined. The practical significance of the results of the work is that they can be used to shape the tourism policy of Ukraine, as the state is involved in the field of abortion tourism as a recipient of tourist flows. The results of the study also contribute to solving social and demographic problems in the context of depopulation and deteriorating public health. After all, abortions are factors that negatively affect the reproduction of the population and women's health.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL FACILITIES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR TRANSPORTATION OF GRAIN CARGO IN UKRAINE BY LARGE TRANSPORT

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
О. В. МУРАДЯН
Keyword(s):  
Development Program ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Transportation Technologies ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the development of technologies and technical means of transportation of grain cargoes by rail in Ukraine. Methodology. The research was carried out on the basis of methods for analyzing the state of development of the processes of transportation of grain cargo in Ukraine and in other states, as well as analysis of literature sources, statistical reports on the export of grain, the state of railways. Results. The paper deals with the history of development and the problem of organizing cargo transportation to seaports by independent carriers. The needs for reducing the cost of transportation of grain cargo are determined. It has been established that when solving this issue, one should use the achievements of domestic scientists, as well as the know-how of advanced developed countries in the implementation of grain transportation. The study shows the potential for applying foreign experience, taking into account the peculiarities of the local specifics of the development of political and geographic conditions and the existing infrastructure. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it provides a study of methods for organizing the transportation of grain cargo by rail, used in the world and an analysis of the possibility of their application in Ukraine. Practical significance. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that it can be used for further research, development of a state development program and assistance to the agro-industrial industry of Ukraine, in the analysis of the construction of new elevators, the introduction of new transportation technologies, as well as for assessing the costs associated with various logistics schemes for grain delivery to seaports.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPLEMENTING 3D SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE IN OMAN – ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W9 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
K. Al Kalbani ◽  
A. Abdul Rahman ◽  
T. Al Awadhi ◽  
F. Alshannaq
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
2D And 3D

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The paper reviews that there are several issues and challenges in order to implement full 2D and 3D Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) in Oman. The state of current 2D SDI and 3D geospatial data has been investigated. Currently, Oman has made noticeable progress in 2D SDI but not yet in 3D domain. To date, there are no serious efforts and initiatives by the authority to materialize the 3D SDI. This paper ends by describing a framework for implementing the 3D SDI. We expect, these issues and challenges of 3D SDI in Oman can prompt better services for several potential users.</p>

scholarly journals CDI/THREDDS interoperability in the SeaDataNet framework

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nativi ◽  
P. Mazzetti ◽  
M. Santoro ◽  
E. Boldrini ◽  
G. M. R. Manzella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Information Discovery ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Metadata Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Data Sources ◽  
Discovery Service ◽  
Funded Project

Abstract. SeaDataNet is an EU funded project aiming to create and operate a pan-European, marine data infrastructure for managing the large and diverse datasets (i.e. temperature, salinity current, sea level, chemical, physical and biological properties) collected by the oceanographic fleets and the new automatic observation systems. In order to make the SeaDataNet system compliant with the INSPIRE Implementing Rules for discovery service, an ISO 19139 encoding of the SeaDataNet Common Data Index (CDI) metadata model was defined. Moreover, the problem of heterogeneous data sources has been addressed. In fact, a widely used system of SeaDataNet partners and oceanographic-marine community is THREDDS/OPeNDAP; this raises up the problem of federating into SeaDataNet framework THREDDS/OPeNDAP systems as well. In this paper we describe an interoperability framework to access resources (i.e. data and services) that are available through CDI and THREDDS/OPeNDAP services. The proposed solution implements a common catalog interface to discover and access the two heterogeneous resources in a common way. This catalog service is fully distributed and implements international standards as far as geospatial information discovery and query are concerned. The developed solution is called GI-cat and was experimented in the framework of the SeaDataNet European project.

scholarly journals State regulation and support agrarian innovations in Ukraine

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 313 (11) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Oksana Radchenko ◽  
Liudmyla Tkach ◽  
Olena Dendebera
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Agricultural Innovations

The purpose of the article is to carry out a scientific generalization of the state of agricultural innovations and their state regulation in Ukraine on the example of scientific institutions. Research methods. The methodological basis of the research is the systemic method. A monographic method was used - for examining scientific publications of researchers on the problems of agricultural innovations and their state regulation; empirical, systemic and comparative analysis and synthesis, graphic methods - to assess the current state of science financing; statistical method - to assess the degree of government regulation and research funding; abstract-logical - for theoretical generalizations and conclusions. Research results. A review of scientific research on state regulation of agricultural innovations in Ukraine and the world is carried out. Shows the innovative position of Ukraine in international ratings. The state regulation of innovations through the analysis of the dynamics and efficiency of expenditures on agricultural science is investigated. Scientific novelty. The definition of state regulation of agricultural innovations was further developed as the choice of a certain model of organizational, regulatory, management measures for the creation and transfer of new technologies aimed at the formation of interrelated mechanisms of institutional, resource support for the support and development of innovative activities in agriculture for the purpose of socio-economic development. The substantiation of dependence of dynamics and efficiency of expenses on agrarian science and other spheres of economic activity in interrelation with macroeconomic indicators was deepened. Practical significance. Conclusions are made about the need to form a strategy for innovative development of the agricultural sector by supporting innovation and the IT industry; further cooperation between manufacturers, scientific institutions and the state. It is recommended to borrow foreign experience in terms of processing the state's strategy for regulating innovation in the agricultural sector, depending on the phase of economic development and budgetary opportunities. Tabl.: 5. Figs.: 4. Refs.: 38.

scholarly journals THE ESSENCE OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF HOUSEHOLDS AND DIRECTIONS OF ITS PROVISION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Kovalenko ◽  
◽  
Natalia Matsedonska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Household Incomes

Today, the priority of economic development of any state, including Ukraine, is to ensure high financial security of the state, which, in turn, is one of the main components of national security of Ukraine. In the country's financial security system at the micro level, the basic component is the financial security of the household. The proper functioning of the financial security system is complicated by a number of problems, among which are: low household incomes, high unemployment and poverty, shadowing of the economy. The lack of a comprehensive approach to the study of financial security of households, the objective need for research in this area, the relevance of the issue and its practical significance determine the choice of research topic. Scientific publications of leading domestic scientists have become methodological and informational. Methods of analysis, comparison, generalization, system approach, abstraction and grouping were used during the research. The article examines the essence of the concept of "financial security of the household" in the financial security of the state. The object and subjects of financial security of the household are defined. It is proved that today the problem of ensuring the financial security of households has become extremely relevant. This fact is closely related to the globalization of the economy and integration processes that contribute to changing the welfare of households. The paper notes that the financial security of households has its own specific features. Three main functions of the system of ensuring the financial security of the household (preventive, prognostic and managerial) are described. There are five main areas of financial security of households, namely: increasing household income, balancing household income and expenditure, using self-insurance, insurance using the capabilities of insurance companies and legal protection of households. The article also lists the forms of ensuring the financial security of households.

Financial risks of budget security and their state regulation

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 322 (8) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Ivan Marko ◽  
Oksana Radchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Individual Security

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the features of financial risks of the budget component of financial security of Ukraine on the example of the analysis of expenditures for individual security-forming sectors. Research methods. A monographic method was used to review scientific publications of researchers and the regulatory framework on budget security, empirical, systemic and comparative analyzes and synthesis for monitoring indicators and sub-indices of financial and budget security, a graphical method to reflect the dynamics of the studied indicators, a statistical method to identify the integration of risks, abstract logical for theoretical generalizations and conclusions. Research results. Financial risks for the sphere of budget security are classified. The dynamics of the integrated index of economic security and subindex of financial security, and in its structure, budgetary security is analyzed; operational budget expenditures and expenditures on the food and national security sectors. The directions based on which the types of budget security are regulated are determined: focus on achieving the strategic goal; the need to guarantee the priority of budget expenditures for specific industries in the context of political, economic, artificial and global crises; for economic sectors - compliance with the balance of the industry's contribution to GDP and the share of its funding from the State Budget. Scientific novelty. The definition of financial risks of budget security as threats to organizational, regulatory, and administrative measures for the formation of state budget revenues and expenditures has been further developed. The analysis of financial security sub-indices for the current period is in-depth. The connection between financial and budgetary security has been established. The dependences of the dynamics and efficiency of budget expenditures on individual security-forming industries are studied. Methodological support of budget security analysis processes and approaches to the effectiveness of state regulation has been improved. Practical significance. Improvement of the grouping of financial risks, methodical approaches to the definition of directions of the state regulation of decrease in the level of financial risks in the field of budgetary safety is offered. Some conclusions of the study can be used to form the Strategy for the development of security-forming industries. Tabl.: 7. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 31.

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