MENGGALI PARADIGMA PENDIDIKAN BERKEADABAN DARI KITAB AYYUHA AL-WALAD DAN KIMIATUS SA’ADAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Zaitur Rahem

Portrait of education in the homeland, one side shows the achievements to be proud of. A number of developments in education can move with the rhythm of the times. Material, procedural education in Indonesia increasingly steady occupy its position. However, on the other hand, there are a number of issues that have not been completed yet. Among these issues are character, education professionalism, organizational governance professionalism, and maximization of learning. These issues become big obstacles / challenges posed a serious threat in the course of the Indonesian education world. The bid of theory, including the release of Imam al-Ghazali's thought in his two books ايها الولد and كيمياء السعا دة, in the review of this article becomes the point of view as an alternative conceptual offer in addressing existing educational problems. Although the review in this article's review is conceptual-research, the author compiles Imam al-Ghazali's thought with the real context of the homeland education issue. According to Imam al-Ghazali in the study of ايها الولد and كيمياء السعا دة, character education begins early without regard to the limit of formality. As a result, the thought of this medieval clergy remained synergistic and became a necessary issue as a solution to the problem of education in Indonesia.

Author(s):  
BARTOLOMIEJ SKOWRON ◽  

From an ontological point of view, virtuality is generally considered a simulation: i.e. not a case of true being, and never more than an illusory copy, referring in each instance to its real original. It is treated as something imagined — and, phenomenologically speaking, as an intentional object. It is also often characterized as fictive. On the other hand, the virtual world itself is extremely rich, and thanks to new technologies is growing with unbelievable speed, so that it now influences the real world in quite unexpected ways. Thus, it is also sometimes considered real. In this paper, against those who would regard virtuality as fictional or as real, I claim that the virtual world straddles the boundary between these two ways of existence: that it becomes real. I appeal to Roman Ingarden’s existential ontology to show that virtual objects become existentially autonomous, and so can be attributed a form of actuality and causal efficaciousness. I conclude that the existential autonomy and actuality of virtual objects makes them count as real objects, but also means that they undergo a change in their mode of existence.


Author(s):  
António Pedro Mesquita ◽  

Any analysis of the Hippocratic anthropology must begin by taking a stand on two quite different issues. On the one hand, it must ascertain a precise and definite meaning of the word ‘Hippocratic’ in such a context, considering the historical problems surrounding the 'real' Hippocrates and the doctrinal heterogeneity of the Hippocratic collection. On the other hand, it must justify the very possibility of an anthropology within the Hippocratic tradition, by accommodating it with the obvious animadversion that its most representative works show towards any philosophical or speculative inquiry. The first problem can be solved by purely historical means, viz. by restricting the object of analysis to the texts that admittedly represent the views of the Hippocratic school. Not so with the second one, which constitutes the truesignificant problem from a philosophical point of view and with which the present article is therefore concerned. After discussing the texts where the question on the nature of man is posed (Ancient Medicine XX, On the Nature of Man I-IV), a general survey of the Hippocratic conception of the theoretical and scientific foundations of clinical practice is given, in order to understand the Statement according to which it is to medicine, and not to philosophy, that an answer to such a question truly belongs. From such a survey a thesis arises: that, according to the Hippocratic perspective, the appropriate answer to the question on the nature of man is not the one that seeks to determine what man is, even by means of the empirical methods of medicine, but the one that reshapes the question itself, thereby replacing the philosophical focus on the knowing of man, for the sake of knowledge, by the clinical focus on the caring of man, for the sake of man himself.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Maciej Cesarski ◽  

The aim of the article is to outline and evaluate the sequence of directions of changes, as well as trends and general proportions, of the level of the overburden rate with housing costs of households created by people aged 65 or more compared to the total number of households in Poland and selected more populous EU countries in 2007–2019 based on Eurostat data. Outside Poland, the analysis covers France, Spain, Germany and Italy. The general methodological assumption is to limit the analysis of Eurostat data on information on the quality and content of the statistics of overburdening households with housing costs without entering into international and national socio-economic conditions in this regard. The conducted analysis shows that the Eurostat data illustrating the rate of cost overload allow only careful analysis, expressed in general proportions and only then having objective values from the point of view of real relationships of the level of this rate between Poland and selected EU countries. On the other hand, these data allow for sufficiently reliable direct comparisons of the real sequences of the directions of changes and trends in the level of this rate. The relatively lengthy periods of the decline or tendency to decline in the rate of overload with total housing costs of households, including senior households, are noted in Poland, but no far-reaching conclusions can be drawn on this basis due to the limited cognitive value of the data.


Gunahumas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Zaenal Abidin

AbstractManajemen adalah suatu upaya atau usaha dalam mengelola sebuah organisasi atau lembaga secara efektif, efisien, dan profesional. Sedangkan manajemen pendidikan karakter adalah sebuah proses yang dilakukan secara bersama, melibatkan banyak orang , dan lembaga dalam rangka mewujudkan cita-cita tujuan pendidikan nasional, agar peserta didik menjadi manusia yang beriman, bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, dan berakhlak mulia. Pendidikan karakter bukan hanya mengajarkan kecerdasan intelektual semata kepada peserta didik ( murid ), akan tetapi juga pendidikan karakter menanamkan kesadaran akan pentingnya nilai-nilai moral, sopan santun, budi pekerti, toleran, moderat, rendah hati, dan berakhlak mulia. Di sisi lain, jauh sebelum manusia mengenal istilah pendidikan karakter,  Al-Qur’an telah mengajarkan kepada umat manusia akan pentingnya pendidikan karakter,yaitu : agar manusia pandai bersyukur, atas segala nikmat pemberian Tuhan, berbuat baik kepada kedua ibu dan bapak, serta peduli terhadap sesama. Al-Qur’an juga membimbing manusia agar menjadi pribadi-pribadi yang unggul. Yaitu pribadi yang gemar membaca, yang mengenal jati dirinya,mengenal Tuhannya,suka menulis, dan penelitian menjadi kebutuhan hidupnya. Bahkan hadits Nabi dengan jelas dan tegas menjelaskan, bahwa manusia sejak lahir sudah membawa potensi pendidikan karakter, yakni : memiliki hati nurani yang baik dan pemikiran yang baik pula,sehingga dapat mengembangkan potensi dirinya sesuai dengan tuntutan dan perkembangan zamanKata Kunci: Manajemen, Pendidikan, Al-Qur’an, Al-Hadits, Ijtihad AbstractManagement is an effort or effort in managing an organization or institution effectively, efficiently and professionally. Meanwhile, character education management is a process that is carried out jointly, involving many people and institutions in order to realize the ideals of national education goals, so that students become human beings who believe, fear God Almighty, and have noble morals. Character education not only teaches intellectual intelligence only to students, but also character education instills awareness of the importance of moral values, courtesy, character, tolerance, moderation, humility, and noble character. On the other hand, long before humans recognized the term character education, the Al-Qur'an has taught mankind the importance of character education. Namely: so that humans can be smart to be grateful, for all the blessings given by God, to do good to both mothers and fathers, and to care for others. Al-Qur'an also guides people to become superior individuals. Namely, a person who likes reading, who knows his identity, knows his God, likes to write, and research is his life necessity. Even the hadith of the Prophet clearly and emphatically explains, that since birth humans have brought the potential for character education, namely: having a good conscience and good thinking, so that they can develop their potential in accordance with the demands and developments of the times


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayah

<p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan redefinisi ontologi aswaja dalam pendidikan ma`arif di era kontemporer. Pendekatan dalam peneltian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan. Makna Aswaja selalu mengalami pergeseran dari waktu ke waktu. Di sisi lain, konsep aswaja selalu memiliki makna yang berbeda ketika sudah berafiliasi dengan kelompok tertentu. Tak terkecuali, Nahdhatul Ulama sebagai organisasi kemasyarakatan juga memiliki konsep yang khas mengenai aswaja. Hal ini secara langsung berpengaruh pada lembaga-lembaga yang bernaung dibawahnya, seperti halnya Ma’arif. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, aswaja NU menjadi semakin ekslusif akibat dari pemahaman para pengikutnya. Banyak kritikan-kritikan dari para tokoh NU kontemporer yang muncul. Definisi aswaja kemungkinan besar akan kembali menjadi ekslusif di kalangan NU. Dari sini diperlukan definisi baru dari sudut pandang lain. Hasil dari kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sikap taat dan tunduk pada Allah secara total yang bermuara dari ilmu yang senantiasa diamalkannya adalah definisi baru dari Aswaja ditinjau dari sudut pandang ontologi yang penulis coba tawarkan dalam penulisan ini.</p><p>Kata kunci: ontologi aswaja, pendidikan ma’arif, kontemporer</p><p><em>RE</em><em>D</em><em>E</em><em>FINITION </em><em>O</em><em>F </em><em>A</em><em>S</em><em>W</em><em>A</em><em>JA ONTOLOGY </em><em>I</em><em>N THE CONTEM- PORARY ERA OF MA’ARIF  EDUCATION.  This study aims to describe the redefinition of aswaja ontology in ma’arif education in the contemporary  era. The approach of this study is library research. The meaning of Aswaja has always experienced a shift from time to time. On the other hand, the concept of aswaja has always had a different meaning when it was affiliated with a particular group. No exception, Nahdhatul  Ulama as a civic organization   also  has a distinctive concepts regarding aswaja. It is directly influential on the institutions which take shelter below, as does Ma’arif. Along with the development of the times, aswaja NU are becoming increasingly exclusive as the result of understanding his followers understanding. Much of the criticisms from the contemporary proponents of NU has been appeared. The definition of aswaja will most likely return to being exclusive among NU. Consequently, it takes a new definition from another point of view. The result of this study sum that attitude of obedience and submission to God in total that rises from the science that always be applied is the new definition of Aswaja reviewed from the viewpoint of ontology that the writer tries to offer in this writing.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>A</em><em>s</em><em>w</em><em>aja </em><em>o</em><em>n</em><em>t</em><em>o</em><em>logy, </em><em>m</em><em>a</em><em>’</em><em>a</em><em>r</em><em>i</em><em>f</em><em> </em><em>educat</em><em>ion, </em><em>co</em><em>n</em><em>t</em><em>em</em><em>p</em><em>o</em><em>r</em><em>a</em><em>r</em><em>y</em></p>


2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.


Author(s):  
Caroline Durand

Al-Qusayr is located 40 km south of modern al-Wajh, roughly 7 km from the eastern Red Sea shore. This site is known since the mid-19th century, when the explorer R. Burton described it for the first time, in particular the remains of a monumental building so-called al-Qasr. In March 2016, a new survey of the site was undertaken by the al-‘Ula–al-Wajh Survey Project. This survey focused not only on al-Qasr but also on the surrounding site corresponding to the ancient settlement. A surface collection of pottery sherds revealed a striking combination of Mediterranean and Egyptian imports on one hand, and of Nabataean productions on the other hand. This material is particularly homogeneous on the chronological point of view, suggesting a rather limited occupation period for the site. Attesting contacts between Mediterranean merchants, Roman Egypt and the Nabataean kingdom, these new data allow a complete reassessment of the importance of this locality in the Red Sea trade routes during antiquity.


Edupedia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Agus Supriyadi

Character education is a vital instrument in determining the progress of a nation. Therefore the government needs to build educational institutions in order to produce good human resources that are ready to oversee and deliver the nation at a progressive level. It’s just that in reality, national education is not in line with the ideals of national education because the output is not in tune with moral values on the one hand and the potential for individuals to compete in world intellectual order on the other hand. Therefore, as a solution to these problems is the need for the applicationof character education from an early age.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Michał Skoczyński

Abstract The article presents the military cooperation between the King of Galician-Volhynian Ruthenia, Daniel Romanowicz, and the Dukes of Mazovia, Konrad and his son Siemowit. The alliance, based as a counterweight for the cooperation between the King of Hungary and the Piast princes of Lesser Poland, who were trying to conquer Ruthenia and dominate all Piast principalities in then fragmented Poland. It lasted for several decades from the 1220’s to the 1260’s and was primarly aimed at mutual protection against the invasions of the pagan Yotvingians and supporting each other in armed conflicts. The text contains an analysis of war expeditions, tactics and ways of support that were given by both sides of the allianace. It is a new point of view on this aspect of political strategy of both sides that in some ways defined the regional situation. Ruthenians granted masovian Piasts some mobile and political uncommited support in fight with their relatives in Poland, and also secured their border with the Yotvingians. On the other hand, masovian knights were an additional strike force in ruthenian plundering expeditions to Yotvingia. The research was based on the analysis of preserved historical sources and scientific literature using historical methodology.


Topoi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Svenaeus

AbstractIn this paper I explore health and illness through the lens of enactivism, which is understood and developed as a bodily-based worldly-engaged phenomenology. Various health theories – biomedical, ability-based, biopsychosocial – are introduced and scrutinized from the point of view of enactivism and phenomenology. Health is ultimately argued to consist in a central world-disclosing aspect of what is called existential feelings, experienced by way of transparency and ease in carrying out important life projects. Health, in such a phenomenologically enacted understanding, is an important and in many cases necessary part of leading a good life. Illness, on the other hand, by such a phenomenological view, consist in finding oneself at mercy of unhomelike existential feelings, such as bodily pains, nausea, extreme unmotivated tiredness, depression, chronic anxiety and delusion, which make it harder and, in some cases, impossible to flourish. In illness suffering the lived body hurts, resists, or, in other ways, alienates the activities of the ill person.


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