scholarly journals Identification of Gradient Promoters of Gluconobacter oxydans and Their Applications in the Biosynthesis of 2-Keto-L-Gulonic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chen ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Shiqin Yu ◽  
Jianghua Li ◽  
Jingwen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gluconobacter Oxydans ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacterium ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Strain Development ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Regulate Gene

The acetic acid bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans is known for its unique incomplete oxidation and therefore widely applied in the industrial production of many compounds, e.g., 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG), the direct precursor of vitamin C. However, few molecular tools are available for metabolically engineering G. oxydans, which greatly limit the strain development. Promoters are one of vital components to control and regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level for boosting production. In this study, the low activity of SDH was found to hamper the high yield of 2-KLG, and enhancing the expression of SDH was achieved by screening the suitable promoters based on RNA sequencing data. We obtained 97 promoters from G. oxydans’s genome, including two strong shuttle promoters and six strongest promoters. Among these promoters, P3022 and P0943 revealed strong activities in both Escherichia coli and G. oxydans, and the activity of the strongest promoter (P2703) was about threefold that of the other reported strong promoters of G. oxydans. These promoters were used to overexpress SDH in G. oxydans WSH-003. The titer of 2-KLG reached 3.7 g/L when SDH was under the control of strong promoters P2057 and P2703. This study obtained a series of gradient promoters, including two strong shuttle promoters, and expanded the toolbox of available promoters for the application in metabolic engineering of G. oxydans for high-value products.

microRNAs: a new frontier in kallikrein research

2008 ◽  
Vol 389 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Regulate Gene

Abstract microRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Rapidly accumulating evidence has revealed that miRNAs are associated with cancer. The human tissue kalli-krein gene family is the largest contiguous family of proteases in the human genome, containing 15 genes. Many kallikreins have been reported as potential tumor markers. In this review, recent bioinformatics and experimental evidence is presented indicating that kallikreins are potential miRNA targets. The available experimental approaches to investigate these interactions and the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications are also discussed. miRNAs represent a possible regulatory mechanism for controlling kallikrein expression at the post-transcriptional level. Many miRNAs were predicted to target kallikreins and a single miRNA can target more than one kallikrein. Recent evidence suggests that miRNAs can also exert ‘quantitative’ control of kallikreins by utilizing multiple targeting sites in the kallikrein mRNA. More research is needed to experimentally verify the in silico predictions and to investigate the possible role in tumor initiation and/or progression.

scholarly journals MiR-147: Functions and Implications in Inflammation and Diseases

MicroRNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Lin ◽  
Kebin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Regulate Gene

: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (19~25 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level through repression of mRNA translation or mRNA decay. miR-147, which was initially discovered in mouse spleen and macrophages, has been shown to correlate with coronary atherogenesis and inflammatory bowel disease and modulate macrophage functions and inflammation through TLR-4. The altered miR-147 level has been shown in various human diseases, including infectious disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, a neurodegenerative disorder, etc. This review will focus on the current understanding regarding the role of miR-147 in inflammation and diseases.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs and endocrine biology

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinna L Cuellar ◽  
Michael T McManus
Keyword(s):  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
B Cell Development ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Mirna Biogenesis ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Regulate Gene

microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that powerfully regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. These fascinating molecules play essential roles in many biological processes in mammals, including insulin secretion, B-cell development, and adipocyte differentiation. This review provides a general background regarding current knowledge about miRNA biogenesis and the potential contributions of these RNAs to endocrine function.

scholarly journals miRNAs in the Odontogenesis Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-505
Author(s):  
Ignacio Roa
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Specific Sequences ◽  
Regulate Gene

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNA molecules noncoding to proteins, which regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level by binding to specific sequences within target genes. miRNAs have been recognized as important regulatory factors in the body development and expression of certain diseases. Some miRNAs regulate the proliferation and differentiation of cells and tissues during odontogenesis.

scholarly journals Linking Α to Ω: diverse and dynamic RNA-based mechanisms to regulate gene expression by 5′-to-3′ communication

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Filbin ◽  
Jeffrey S. Kieft
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Rna Structures ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Closed Circle ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Viral Genomic Rna ◽  
Regulate Gene

Communication between the 5′ and 3′ ends of a eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) or viral genomic RNA is a ubiquitous and important strategy used to regulate gene expression. Although the canonical interaction between initiation factor proteins at the 5′ end of an mRNA and proteins bound to the polyadenylate tail at the 3′ end is well known, in fact there are many other strategies used in diverse ways. These strategies can involve “non-canonical” proteins, RNA structures, and direct RNA-RNA base-pairing between distal elements to achieve 5′-to-3′ communication. Likewise, the communication induced by these interactions influences a variety of processes linked to the use and fate of the RNA that contains them. Recent studies are revealing how dynamic these interactions are, possibly changing in response to cellular conditions or to link various phases of the mRNA’s life, from translation to decay. Thus, 5′-to-3′ communication is about more than just making a closed circle; the RNA elements and associated proteins are key players in controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.

Epigenetic regulation mechanisms of microRNA expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Morales ◽  
Mariano Monzo ◽  
Alfons Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Regulate Gene

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs of 18–25 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are involved in many physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, development and carcinogenesis. Because of the central role of miRNAs in the regulation of gene expression, their expression needs to be tightly controlled. Here, we summarize the different mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of miRNAs, with a particular focus on DNA methylation and histone modification.

The biological and diagnostic roles of MicroRNAs in meningiomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 771-778
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shengpan Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Hongqi Zhang ◽  
Nianjun Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Microarray Profiling ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Mirna Deregulation ◽  
Regulate Gene ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) refer to a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Emerging studies have shown that miRNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, roles and mechanisms of miRNA dysregulation in the pathogenesis of meningioma are not fully understood. Here, we first reviewed existing research of aberrantly expressed miRNAs identified by high throughput microarray profiling in meningioma. We also explored the potential of miRNA as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for novel treatment paradigms of meningiomas. In addition, we summarized recent researches that focused on the possible mechanisms involved in miRNA-mediate meningioma occurrence and progression. This review provides an overview of miRNA deregulation in meningioma and indicates the potential of miRNAs to be used as biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Tatajuba ― Exploring the distribution of homopolymer tracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Oliveira Martins ◽  
Samuel Bloomfield ◽  
Emily Stoakes ◽  
Andrew J Grant ◽  
Andrew J Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioinformatics Software ◽  
Homopolymer Tract ◽  
Regulate Gene

Length variation of homopolymeric tracts, which induces phase variation, is known to regulate gene expression leading to phenotypic variation in a wide range of bacterial species. There is no specialised bioinformatics software which can, at scale, exhaustively explore and describe these features from sequencing data. Identifying these is non-trivial as sequencing and bioinformatics methods are prone to introducing artefacts when presented with homopolymeric tracts due to the decreased base diversity. We present tatajuba, which can automatically identify potential homopolymeric tracts and their putative phenotypic impact, allowing for rapid investigation. We use it to detect all tracts in two separate datasets, one of Campylobacter jejuni and one of three Bordetella species, and to highlight those tracts that are polymorphic across samples. With this we confirm homopolymer tract variation with phenotypic impact found in previous studies and additionally find many more with potential variability. The software is written in C and is available under the open source license GNU GPL version 3 from https://github.com/quadram-institute-bioscience/tatajuba.

scholarly journals Information on dysregulation of microRNA in placenta linked to preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Abdifatah Mohamed Nuh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Regulate Gene

MicroRNAs are single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules, regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are expressed in the human body and have a significant impact on the different processes of pathological illness. A developing placenta undergoes a series of stages after successful fertilization, such as cell division, migration, adhesion, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. MicroRNAs dysregulation in placenta has been linked to pregnancy-related complications such as preeclampsia. Therefore, it is of interest to document known information (list of microRNA) on this issue in the development of biological tools for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document