scholarly journals Campi Flegrei, Vesuvius and Ischia Seismicity in the Context of the Neapolitan Volcanic Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Giudicepietro ◽  
Patrizia Ricciolino ◽  
Francesca Bianco ◽  
Stefano Caliro ◽  
Elena Cubellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
The State ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Tectonic Earthquake ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
State Of Activity

Studying seismicity in a volcanic environment provides important information on the state of activity of volcanoes. The seismicity of the Neapolitan volcanoes, Campi Flegrei, Vesuvius, and Ischia, shows distinctive characteristics for each volcano, covering a wide range of patterns and types. In this study we relocated some significant volcano-tectonic earthquake swarms that occurred in Campi Flegrei and Vesuvius. Moreover, we compared the earthquake occurrence evolution, the magnitude and the seismic energy release of the three volcanoes. Also, we considered the results of seismic analysis in the light of geochemical and ground deformation data that contribute to defining the state of activity of volcanoes. In Campi Flegrei, which is experiencing a long term unrest, we identified a seismogenic structure at shallow depth in Pisciarelli zone that has been activated repeatedly. The increasing seismicity accompanies an escalation of the hydrothermal activity and a ground uplift phase. At Vesuvius a very shallow seismicity is recorded, which in recent years has shown an increase in terms of the number of events per year. Earthquakes are usually located right beneath the crater axis. They are concentrated in a volume affected by the hydrothermal system. Finally, Ischia generally shows a low level of seismicity, however, in Casamicciola area events with a moderate magnitude can occur and these are potentially capable of causing severe damage to the town and population, due to their small hypocentral depth (typically < 2.5 km). After the seismic crisis of August 21, 2017 (mainshock magnitude M = 4), the seismicity returned to a low level in terms of occurrence rate and magnitude of earthquakes. The seismicity of these three different volcanic areas shows some common aspects that highlight a relevant role of hydrothermal processes in the seismogenesis of volcanic areas. However, while the main swarms in Campi Flegrei and most of the Vesuvian earthquakes are distributed along conduit-like structures, the seismicity of Ischia is mainly located along faults. Furthermore, the temporal evolution of seismicity in Neapolitan volcanic area suggests a concomitant increase in the occurrence of earthquakes both in Campi Flegrei and Vesuvius in recent years.

Volcano-tectonic earthquake statistics for Campi Flegrei monitoring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tramelli ◽  
Cataldo Godano ◽  
Flora Giudicepietro ◽  
Patrizia Ricciolino ◽  
Stefano Caliro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Central Area ◽  
B Value ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Value Change ◽  
Tectonic Earthquake ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Seismic Catalogue ◽  
Source Mechanisms

<p><span>The knowledge of the dynamic of the Campi Flegrei calderic system is </span><span>essential</span><span> to mitigate the volcanic risk in one of the most densely populated volcanic areas in the world. From 1950 to 1985 three bradyseismic crises </span><span>occurred</span><span> with a total uplift of </span><span>almost 3 m (Del Gaudio et al., 2010). After more than 20 years of subsidence, at the end of 2005 the uplift started again accompanied by a low increment in the seismicity rate. In 2012 a further increment in the seismicity rate was observed and a variation in the gas composition of the fumaroles of Solfatara (central area of the caldera) revealed the injection of magmatic fluids into the hydrothermal system (Chiodini et al., 2017). This suggests that the investigation of the seismicity can represent a very useful tool for the risk mitigation. Here we analyze the seismic catalogue of Campi Flegrei (collected by INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano) to check for any variation of the observed seismicity. This can be eventually associated with geochemical monitored parameters. </span><span>In addition, we analyzed the most energetic swarms recorded in this period by comparing their locations, waveforms and source mechanisms.</span><span> We find that occurrence rate, location and b-value change in time. The seismicity occurs in swarms, which</span><span>, in the last years, tends to became closer but with a smaller number of events.</span><span> The </span><span>observed </span><span>variations are correlated also with </span><span>the</span><span> geochemical monitoring parameters suggesting that the uplift process has probably modified the elastic and permeability properties of the shallow part of the crust. </span></p>

scholarly journals Spectral and Informational Analysis of Temperature and Chemical Composition of Solfatara Fumaroles (Campi Flegrei, Italy)

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Simona Tripaldi ◽  
Luciano Telesca ◽  
Michele Lovallo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Similar Intensity

Temperature and composition at fumaroles are controlled by several volcanic and exogenous processes that operate on various time-space scales. Here, we analyze fluctuations of temperature and chemical composition recorded at fumarolic vents in Solfatara (Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy) from December 1997 to December 2015, in order to better understand source(s) and driving processes. Applying the singular spectral analysis, we found that the trends explain the great part of the variance of the geochemical series but not of the temperature series. On the other hand, a common source, also shared by other geo-indicators (ground deformation, seismicity, hydrogeological and meteorological data), seems to be linked with the oscillatory structure of the investigated signals. The informational characteristics of temperature and geochemical compositions, analyzed by using the Fisher–Shannon method, appear to be a sort of fingerprint of the different periodic structure. In fact, the oscillatory components were characterized by a wide range of significant periodicities nearly equally powerful that show a higher degree of entropy, indicating that changes are influenced by overlapped processes occurring at different scales with a rather similar intensity. The present study represents an advancement in the understanding of the dominant driving mechanisms of volcanic signals at fumaroles that might be also valid for other volcanic areas.

scholarly journals The Ground Deformation History of the Neapolitan Volcanic Area (Campi Flegrei Caldera, Somma–Vesuvius Volcano, and Ischia Island) from 20 Years of Continuous GPS Observations (2000–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2725
Author(s):  
Prospero De Martino ◽  
Mario Dolce ◽  
Giuseppe Brandi ◽  
Giovanni Scarpato ◽  
Umberto Tammaro
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Campi Flegrei Caldera ◽  
Ischia Island ◽  
History Of ◽  
Continuous Gps ◽  
Gps Time Series ◽  
Gps Observations

The Neapolitan volcanic area includes three active and high-risk volcanoes: Campi Flegrei caldera, Somma–Vesuvius, and Ischia island. The Campi Flegrei volcanic area is a typical example of a resurgent caldera, characterized by intense uplift periods followed by subsidence phases (bradyseism). After about 21 years of subsidence following the 1982–1984 unrest, a new inflation period started in 2005 and, with increasing rates over time, is ongoing. The overall uplift from 2005 to December 2019 is about 65 cm. This paper provides the history of the recent Campi Flegrei caldera unrest and an overview of the ground deformation patterns of the Somma–Vesuvius and Ischia volcanoes from continuous GPS observations. In the 2000–2019 time span, the GPS time series allowed the continuous and accurate tracking of ground and seafloor deformation of the whole volcanic area. With the aim of improving the research on volcano dynamics and hazard assessment, the full dataset of the GPS time series from the Neapolitan volcanic area from January 2000 to December 2019 is presented and made available to the scientific community.

RESEARCH ON INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-73
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanovich Bogdanenko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
Innovation Processes

In the monograph the theoretical identification of concepts and categorical series of state regulation of investment-innovation processes are investigated; the directions of optimization of the state policy of innovation and investment development management in Ukraine are determined; the organizational and legal principles of the state regulation of development of intellectual potential of the population are substantiated; the areas of development and improvement of the national innovation system as an object of state policy are highlighted and assessed. The monograph will be interesting for scholars, lecturers, doctoral and graduate students, and will also be useful to practical politicians, journalists and media workers and a wide range of readers interested in investment and innovation activities.

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

Safety assessment of biological raw materials in the system of medicines quality assurance

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Yu. Olefir ◽  
E. Sakanyan ◽  
I. Osipova ◽  
V. Dobrynin ◽  
M. Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
First Time ◽  
Medicines Quality

The entry of a wide range of biotechnological products into the pharmaceutical market calls for rein-forcement of the quality, efficacy and safety standards at the state level. The following general monographs have been elaborated for the first time to be included into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition: "Viral safety" and "Reduction of the risk of transmitting animal spongiform encephalopathy via medicinal products". These general monographs were elaborated taking into account the requirements of foreign pharmacopoeias and the WHO recommendations. The present paper summarises the key aspects of the monographs.

The development of the movement for the communist labour at the Tyumen shipbuilding plant in days of the seven-year plan (1959-1965): the experience of microhistorical study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Pashin ◽  
Natalia S. Vasikhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to the study of the movement for communist labour at the Tyumen Shipbuilding Plant during the period of the seven-year plan (1959-1965). The authors seek to fill a historical narrative with the particular facts connected with the peculiarities and specifics of such phenomenon as the movement for communist labour. They consider it in the context of microhistory and as the most important element of production routine. The employees of the largest industrial enterprise of Soviet Tyumen — Shipbuilding Plant in concrete historical circumstances came under the spotlight of the authors. The submitted article is written with attraction of a wide range of archival documents, taken from the funds of the State Archive of the Tyumen Region and also funds of the State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Tyumen Region. Having studied the documents the authors come to conclusion that the movement for communist labour had little effect on the production progress of the plant employees.

Aromatization of C2-C6 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons on Copper-Containing ZSM-5 Zeolites

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553-2560
Author(s):  
Zdravka Popova ◽  
Katia Aristirova ◽  
Christo Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Acid Strength ◽  
The State ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Ion Formation ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbenium Ion ◽  
Acid Centers

The aromatization of a wide range of model aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons (ethene, ethane, propene, n-hexane, 1-hexene, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclohexene) on copper-containing NaZSM-5 and HZSM-5 zeolites has been investigated. It was established that the degree of aromatization is related to carbenium ion formation and depends on the acid strength and copper content of zeolite. Experiments with copper-containing samples reduced prior to use indicated the possibility to enhance the selectivity to aromatization. The change of the state of Cu2+ ions during catalytic experiments confirmed the assumption about participation of Cu0 simultaneously with the Bronsted acid centers in the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation steps.

Sound-Politics in São Paulo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Crime Control ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytical Category

This book is an ethnographic study of controversial sounds and noise control debates in Latin America’s most populous city. It discusses the politics of collective living by following several threads linking sound-making practices to governance issues. Rather than discussing sound within a self-enclosed “cultural” field, I examine it as a point of entry for analyzing the state. At the same time, rather than portraying the state as a self-enclosed “apparatus” with seemingly inexhaustible homogeneous power, I describe it as a collection of unstable (and often contradictory) sectors, personnel, strategies, discourses, documents, and agencies. My goal is to approach sound as an analytical category that allows us to access citizenship issues. As I show, environmental noise in São Paulo has been entangled in a wide range of debates, including public health, religious intolerance, crime control, urban planning, cultural rights, and economic growth. The book’s guiding question can be summarized as follows: how do sounds enter and leave the sphere of state control? I answer this question by examining a multifaceted process I define as “sound-politics.” The term refers to sounds as objects that are susceptible to state intervention through specific regulatory, disciplinary, and punishment mechanisms. Both “sound” and “politics” in “sound-politics” are nouns, with the hyphen serving as a bridge that expresses the instability that each concept inserts into the other.

scholarly journals Density Guarantee on Finding Multiple Subgraphs and Subtensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Quang-huy Duong ◽  
Heri Ramampiaro ◽  
Kjetil Nørvåg ◽  
Thu-lan Dam
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Real World Datasets ◽  
Tensor Data

Dense subregion (subgraph & subtensor) detection is a well-studied area, with a wide range of applications, and numerous efficient approaches and algorithms have been proposed. Approximation approaches are commonly used for detecting dense subregions due to the complexity of the exact methods. Existing algorithms are generally efficient for dense subtensor and subgraph detection, and can perform well in many applications. However, most of the existing works utilize the state-or-the-art greedy 2-approximation algorithm to capably provide solutions with a loose theoretical density guarantee. The main drawback of most of these algorithms is that they can estimate only one subtensor, or subgraph, at a time, with a low guarantee on its density. While some methods can, on the other hand, estimate multiple subtensors, they can give a guarantee on the density with respect to the input tensor for the first estimated subsensor only. We address these drawbacks by providing both theoretical and practical solution for estimating multiple dense subtensors in tensor data and giving a higher lower bound of the density. In particular, we guarantee and prove a higher bound of the lower-bound density of the estimated subgraph and subtensors. We also propose a novel approach to show that there are multiple dense subtensors with a guarantee on its density that is greater than the lower bound used in the state-of-the-art algorithms. We evaluate our approach with extensive experiments on several real-world datasets, which demonstrates its efficiency and feasibility.

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