scholarly journals Evidence of Common Isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae in Bovines and Humans in Emilia Romagna Region (Northern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Carra ◽  
Simone Russo ◽  
Alessia Micheli ◽  
Chiara Garbarino ◽  
Matteo Ricchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, GBS) is one of the most important agents of bovine mastitis and causes remarkable direct and indirect economic losses to the livestock sector. Moreover, this species can cause severe human diseases in susceptible individuals. To investigate the zoonotic potential of S. agalactiae, 203 sympatric isolates from both humans and cattle, isolated in the same time frame (2018) and in the same geographic area (Emilia Romagna region, Northern Italy), were characterized by molecular capsular typing (MCT), pilus island typing (PI), and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). In addition, antibiotic-resistant phenotypes were investigated. The distribution of the allelic profiles obtained by combining the three genotyping methods (MCT-PI-MLST) resulted in 64 possible genotypes, with greater genetic variability among the human compared to the bovine isolates. Although the combined methods had a high discriminatory power (>96,2%), five genotypes were observed in both species (20,9% of the total isolates). Furthermore, some of these strains shared the same antibiotic resistance profiles. The finding of human and bovine isolates with common genotypes and antibiotic resistance profiles supports the hypothesis of interspecies transmission of S. agalactiae between bovines and humans.

scholarly journals Distribution of Pilus island and antibiotic resistance genes in Streptococcus agalactiae obtained from vagina of pregnant women in Yazd, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Nabavinia ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Khalili ◽  
Maryam Sadeh ◽  
Gilda Eslami ◽  
Mahmood Vakili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Group B

Background and Objectives: Due to the important role of Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B streptococci (GBS), in production of invasive disease in neonates, investigation regarding the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance factors is necessary in selecting the appropriate therapeutic agents. Beside capsule, the pilus has been currently recognized as an important factor in enhancing the pathogenicity of GBS. Resistance of GBS to selected antibiotics is noticeably increasing which is mainly due to the anomalous use of these drugs for treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pili genes followed by antibiotic susceptibility of GBS, previously serotyped, isolated from pregnant women in the city of Yazd, Iran. Materials and Methods: Fifty seven GBS from pregnant women were subjected to multiplex PCR for determination of PI-1, PI-2a and PI-2b pilus-islands and simultaneously, the phenotype of antibiotic resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamycin and levofloxacin was determined. Antibiotic resistance genes (ermA, ermB, mefA, tetM, int-Tn) were further diagnosed using PCR and multiplex PCR. Results: PI-1+PI-2a with 71.9%; followed by PI-2a (21.1%) and PI-2b (7%) were observed. PI-1+PI-2a in serotype III was (73.2%), serotype II, Ia, Ib and V were 12.2%, 9.8%, 2.4% and 2.4% respectively. GBS penicillin sensitive was 89.5% and 96.5% resistance to tetracycline. The frequency of resistance genes were as follows: tetM (93%), ermA (33.3%), ermB (8.8%), int-Tn (80.7%) and mefA (0). Conclusion: Majority of GBS contained PI-1+PI-2a. Hence presence of this pilus stabilizes the colonization, therefore designing a program for diagnosing and treatment of infected pregnant women seems to be necessary.

scholarly journals Multidrug Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates From Dairy Cattle With Mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Hernandez ◽  
Enriqueta Bottini ◽  
Jimena Cadona ◽  
Claudio Cacciato ◽  
Cristina Monteavaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Streptococcus agalactiae is a pathogen-associated to bovine mastitis, a health disorder responsible for significant economic losses in the dairy industry. Antimicrobial therapy remains the main strategy for the control of this bacterium in dairy herds and human In order to get insight on molecular characteristics of S. agalactiae strains circulating among Argentinean cattle with mastitis, we received 1500 samples from 56 dairy farms between 2016 and 2019. We recovered 56 S. agalactiae isolates and characterized them in relation to serotypes, virulence genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Serotypes III and II were the most prevalent ones (46% and 41%, respectively), followed by Ia (7%). In relation to the 13 virulence genes screened in this study, the genes spb1, hylB, cylE, and PI-2b were present in all the isolates, meanwhile, bca, cpsA, and rib were detected in different frequencies, 36%, 96%, and 59%, respectively. On the other hand, bac, hvgA, lmb, PI-1, PI-2a, and scpB genes could not be detected in any of the isolates. Disk diffusion method against a panel of eight antimicrobial agents showed an important number of strains resistant simultaneously to five antibiotics. We also detected several resistance-encoding genes, tet(M), tet(O), ermB, aphA3, and lnu(B) (9%, 50%, 32%, 32%, and 5%, respectively). The results here presented are the first molecular data on S. agalactiae isolates causing bovine mastitis in Argentina and provide a foundation for the development of diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic methods, including the perspective of a vaccine.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae Sequence Type 176 Strain 3966RFQB from a Dairy Herd in Selangor, Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bashir ◽  
Z. Zunita ◽  
F. F. A. Jesse ◽  
S. Z. Ramanoon ◽  
M. L. Mohd-Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Whole Genome Shotgun Sequence ◽  
Genome Shotgun Sequence ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae, commonly known as group B streptococcus (GBS), is among the most implicated pathogens in bovine mastitis worldwide. Proper control measures can curb both economic and public health effects it may cause.

scholarly journals Anti-Biofilm Effect of Tea Saponin on a Streptococcus agalactiae Strain Isolated from Bovine Mastitis

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1713
Author(s):  
Fei Shang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ting Xue
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Tea Saponin ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Biofilm Structure

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is a highly contagious pathogen which not only can cause neonatal meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia but is also considered to be a major cause of bovine mastitis (BM), leading to large economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. Like many other pathogenic bacteria, GBS also has the capacity to form a biofilm structure in the host to cause persistent infection. Tea saponin (TS), is one of the main active agents extracted from tea ash powder, and it has good antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In this study, we confirmed that TS has a slight antibacterial activity against a Streptococcus agalactiae strain isolated from dairy cow with mastitis and inhibits its biofilm formation. By performing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments, we observed that with addition of TS, the biofilm formed by this GBS strain exhibited looser structure and lower density. In addition, the results of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments showed that TS inhibited biofilm formation by down-regulating the transcription of the biofilm-associated genes including srtA, fbsC, neuA, and cpsE.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis of Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae Strains Isolated in a French Hospital

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 794-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Poyart ◽  
Laurence Jardy ◽  
Gilles Quesne ◽  
Patrick Berche ◽  
Patrick Trieu-Cuot
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
French Hospital ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACT The genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in 113 unrelated group B streptococci was studied by PCR. Ninety-four strains were resistant to tetracycline-minocycline, and tet(M) was detected in 85% of these isolates. Seventeen erythromycin-resistant strains contained the erm(B), erm(TR), or mef(A) gene. Eleven strains exhibited high-level resistance to kanamycin due to the presence of the aphA3 gene; eight of these strains were also highly resistant to streptomycin; aad-6-related sequences were detected in seven strains.

scholarly journals Distribution of Serotypes, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes among Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Bovine in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Xin-pu Li ◽  
Jin-yin Luo ◽  
Long-hai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Background: Bovine mastitis, a global disease that is responsible for large economic losses each year due to lower milk yield and reduced milk quality. In some countries, especially in China, Streptococcus agalactiae has become one of the most frequently detected pathogen. Antibiotic treatment and vaccine immunization are important strategies for the control of infectious diseases. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate distribution of bovine mastitis pathogens and antimicrobial resistance of S. agalactiae, and contribute to the treatment of bovine mastitis.Materials, Methods & Results:Clinical mastitis samples (n= 1,122) were collected from 27 dairy farms located in 15 different provinces of China during 2012-2018. Thepathogens were identified by 16S rDNA method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by disc diffusion method. Molecular characteristics was distinguished based on PCR. The results showed that the main pathogens were Streptococcus agalactiae (n= 324, 26.2%), Escherichia coli (n= 287, 23.2%), and Staphylococcus aureus (n= 131, 10.6%). The serotypes of Streptococcus agalactiae were serotype II (53.6%), Ia (44 %) and VII (1.2%), respectively. Streptococcus agalactiae were resistant to kanamycin (93.8%), gentamicin (49.4%), vancomycin (49.4%), tetracycline (35.8%), clindamycin (34.6%) and erythromycin (32.1%). The main resistance genes were ermA (53.1%) and ermB (85.2%). Resistance to erythromycin was attributed to the genes ermA (P < 0.05) and resistance to tetracycline was attributed to the genes tetK, tetM, tetO (P < 0.01). The virulence genes scpB (81.4%), cyl (100%), glnA (76.6%), cfb (98.8%), hylB (98.8%), scaA (69.1%) were detected in almost all isolates.Discussion: In the present study, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the pathogens isolated most frequently from clinical mastitis. In the case of S. agalactiae, we performed capsular serotyping of isolates. As a result, serotype II (53.6%), Ia (44 %) and VII (1.2%) were detected whichrevealed variation in the distinct geographical areas. We found that serotypes (Ia and II) and β-hemolytic have significant correlation (P < 0.01) in all isolated strains. We made an assumption that either in processes of capsular and haemolytic appearance effected the expression of another. The unclear mechanism remains to be resolved in the future. Penicillin was recommended as a preferred antibiotic for the treatment of both human and bovine S. agalactiae infection. In the present study, resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin were observed in 32% and 34.6% of our strains, respectively. The results indicated that the ermB gene was most frequent among the erythromycin-resistant S. agalactiae. However, we found that the susceptibility to erythromycin and gene ermA have a significant interaction, while susceptibility to erythromycin and gene ermB have a not significant interaction by analyzing the relationship of phenotypic and genotypic resistance. The severity of S. agalactiae infections may be determined by various virulence factors. Surface enzyme ScpB, a C5a peptidase, encode by scpB gene, could promote bacterial invasion of epithelial cells by attenuating recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the site of infection. In the present study, the scpB gene was found in 81.4% of all strains. The results suggested the cyl, cfb, hylB and scpB genes may play an important role in the virulence of Streptococcus agalactiae pathogens.

Isolation, Antibiogram and Molecular Characterization of Group B Streptococci Isolates from Bovine Mastitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajwent Singh ◽  
A.K. Arora ◽  
T.S. Rai ◽  
Mudit Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Group B

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae is an important pathogen associated with bovine mastitis. The organism is also of public health consequences and may cause variety of infections ranging from neonatal sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis to localized infections and urinary tract infection or arthritisin adult humans. Widespread use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine has led to development of resistance among the pathogens. So there is need for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance to ensure effective treatment. Methods: Milk samples collected from mastitis affected animals were processed for isolation of Streptococcus agalactiae. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Molecular characterisation was carried out by PCR to study the occurrence of resistance marker genes and virulence marker genes. RAPD was carried out to study genetic diversity among the isolates. Result: Six isolates of S. agalactiae were obtained from 182 milk samples. Highest resistance was observed against co-trimoxazole and tetracycline followed by ampicillin. tetM gene and tetO genes could be amplified in four and three isolates, respectively. None of the isolates showed amplification for ermA, ermB, mefA and mefE genes. Three isolates were positive for the five virulence genes tested (glnA, cfb, hylB, scaA and cyl). RAPD analysis demonstrated great intraspecific genetic diversity among the streptococcal isolates.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli Isolated from Mastitic Dairy Cattle in Ukraine

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Leta Elias ◽  
Ajay S. Balasubramanyam ◽  
Olena Y. Ayshpur ◽  
Iryna U. Mushtuk ◽  
Nataliya O. Sheremet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Bovine mastitis is the predominant cause for antimicrobial use on dairy farms and is a major source of economic losses in the dairy industry. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of common mastitis-causing pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus (n = 62), Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 46), and Escherichia coli (n = 129), were determined for dairy cattle with mastitis across 142 Ukrainian farms. The results showed that there were more gentamicin resistant S. aureus isolates (16.95%) identified in this study than previously reported for Ukrainian dairy cattle. Moreover, low levels of amoxicillin susceptibly (13.51%) were observed for St. agalactiae, which contrasted a previous study showing susceptibility levels of >50%. St. agalactiae resistance to tetracycline was observed in 80% of the isolates. Cephalosporin use was most ineffective against E. coli, with 43.27–56% of the isolates exhibiting this resistant trait. Overall, this study performed a preliminary analysis of antimicrobial resistance on mastitis isolates from Ukrainian farms. However, given the limited numbers of the isolates tested in this study and that the publications on antimicrobial resistance in animal husbandry of Ukraine are very few, more extensive investigations are needed to comprehensively examine susceptibility patterns of mastitis-causing pathogens in dairy cattle in Ukraine.

Identification of immunoreactive extracellular proteins of Streptococcus agalactiae in bovine mastitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Trigo ◽  
Paula Ferreira ◽  
Niza Ribeiro ◽  
Márcia Dinis ◽  
Elva Bonifácio Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Common Pathogen ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae is a common pathogen that causes bovine mastitis. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antibody response against S. agalactiae extracellular proteins in the whey and serum of naturally infected bovines and to identify possible immunodominant extracellular antigens. IgG1 antibodies against S. agalactiae extracellular proteins were elevated in the whey and serum of naturally infected bovines. In the whey, the levels of IgG1 specific for S. agalactiae extracellular proteins were similar in infected and noninfected milk quarters from the same cow, and the production of antibodies specific for S. agalactiae extracellular proteins was induced only by infection with this bacterium. The immunoreactivity of extracellular proteins with bovine whey was clearly different in infected versus control animals. Group B protective surface protein and 5′-nucleotidase family protein were 2 major immunoreactive proteins that were detected only in the whey of infected cows, suggesting that these proteins may be important in the pathogenesis of S. agalactiae-induced mastitis. This information could be used to diagnose S. agalactiae infection. In addition, these antigens may be useful as carrier proteins for serotype-specific polysaccharides in conjugate vaccines.

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