scholarly journals Altered Metabolites in the Occipital Lobe in Migraine Without Aura During the Attack and the Interictal Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luping Zhang ◽  
Jinwen Huang ◽  
Zhengxiang Zhang ◽  
Zhijian Cao
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Attack Frequency ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
The Brain

Background: Although there have been many magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of migraine, few have focused on migraines during an attack. Here, we aimed to assess metabolite changes in the brain of patients with migraine, both during an attack and in the interictal phase.Methods: Six patients (one man and five women, mean age: 39 ± 10 years) with migraine without aura during the attack (MWoA-DA), 13 patients (three men and 10 women, mean age: 31 ± 9 years) with migraine without aura during the interictal period (MWoA-DI), and 13 healthy controls (HC) (four men and nine women, mean age: 31 ± 9 years) were studied. All subjects underwent an MRS examination focusing on the occipital lobe. Metabolite changes were investigated among three groups.Results: The MWoA-DA patients had lower glutathione/total creatine ratio (GSH/tCr) than the MWoA-DI patients and HC. Furthermore, MWoA-DI patients showed lower total choline/total creatine ratio (tCho/tCr) than those in the other two groups. The GSH/tCr ratio was positively correlated with attack frequency in the MWoA-DI group. The tCho/tCr ratio was positively correlated with attack frequency and Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) scores in the MWoA-DA group.Conclusion: The present study suggests the existence of distinct pathophysiological states between the MWoA-DA and MWoA-DI groups. Neuronal dysfunction is a possible predisposing factor for migraine attack onset, along with oxidative stress and inflammation.

Biochemical changes in the brain of hemiplegic migraine patients measured with 7 tesla 1H-MRS

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 959-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Zielman ◽  
WM Teeuwisse ◽  
F Bakels ◽  
J Van der Grond ◽  
A Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hemiplegic Migraine ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Brain

Aim The aim of this study was to assess biochemical changes in the brain of patients with hemiplegic migraine in between attacks. Methods Eighteen patients with hemiplegic migraine (M:F, 7:11; age 38 ± 14 years) of whom eight had a known familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) mutation (five in the CACNA1A gene (FHM1), three in the ATP1A2 gene (FHM2)) and 19 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (M:F, 7:12; mean age 38 ±  12 years) were studied. We used single-voxel 7 tesla 1H-MRS (STEAM, TR/TM/TE = 2000/19/21 ms) to investigate four brain regions in between attacks: cerebellum, hypothalamus, occipital lobe, and pons. Results Patients with hemiplegic migraine showed a significantly lower total N-acetylaspartate/total creatine ratio (tNAA/tCre) in the cerebellum (median 0.73, range 0.59–1.03) than healthy controls (median 0.79, range (0.67–0.95); p = 0.02). In FHM1 patients with a CACNA1A mutation, the tNAA/tCre was lowest. Discussion We found a decreased cerebellar tNAA/tCre ratio that might serve as an early biomarker for neuronal dysfunction and/or loss. This is the first high-spectral resolution 7 tesla 1H-MRS study of interictal biochemical brain changes in hemiplegic migraine patients.

scholarly journals Cerebral glycogen in humans following acute and recurrent hypoglycemia: Implications on a role in hypoglycemia unawareness

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 2883-2893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülin Öz ◽  
Mauro DiNuzzo ◽  
Anjali Kumar ◽  
Amir Moheet ◽  
Ameer Khowaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Hypoglycemic Episode ◽  
Hypoglycemia Unawareness ◽  
Brain Glycogen ◽  
Acute Hypoglycemia ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Recurrent Hypoglycemia

Supercompensated brain glycogen levels may contribute to the development of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) following recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) by providing energy for the brain during subsequent periods of hypoglycemia. To assess the role of glycogen supercompensation in the generation of HAAF, we estimated the level of brain glycogen following RH and acute hypoglycemia (AH). After undergoing 3 hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic and 3 hyperinsulinemic, hypoglycemic clamps (RH) on separate occasions at least 1 month apart, five healthy volunteers received [1-13C]glucose intravenously over 80+ h while maintaining euglycemia. 13C-glycogen levels in the occipital lobe were measured by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy at ∼8, 20, 32, 44, 56, 68 and 80 h at 4 T and glycogen levels estimated by fitting the data with a biophysical model that takes into account the tiered glycogen structure. Similarly, prior 13C-glycogen data obtained following a single hypoglycemic episode (AH) were fitted with the same model. Glycogen levels did not significantly increase after RH relative to after euglycemia, while they increased by ∼16% after AH relative to after euglycemia. These data suggest that glycogen supercompensation may be blunted with repeated hypoglycemic episodes. A causal relationship between glycogen supercompensation and generation of HAAF remains to be established.

scholarly journals Abnormal neurometabolites in fibromyalgia patients: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174480692199094
Author(s):  
Ye-Ha Jung ◽  
Hyeonjin Kim ◽  
Dasom Lee ◽  
Jae-Yeon Lee ◽  
Won Joon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
The Right ◽  
Metabolic Strategies

This study aimed to investigate distinct neurometabolites in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right and left thalamus, and insula of patients with fibromyalgia (FM) compared with healthy controls using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), total NAA (tNAA = NAA + NAAG), myo-inositol (ml), glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), Glx (Glu + Gln), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), total choline (tCho = GPC + phosphocholine) and glutathione (GSH) levels relative to total creatine (tCr) levels including creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine (PCr) and relative to Cr levels were determined in the ACC, right and left thalamus, and insula in 12 patients with FM and 13 healthy controls using MRS. In the ACC, NAA/tCr (P = 0.028) and tCho/tCr (P = 0.047) were higher in patients with FM. In the right and left insula, tNAA/tCr (P = 0.019, P = 0.007, respectively) was lower in patients with FM. Patients with FM showed lower levels of ml/Cr (P = 0.037) in the right insula than healthy controls. These findings are paramount to understand decisive pathophysiological mechanisms related to abnormal features in the brain and parasympathetic nervous systems in FM. We suggest that the results presented herein may be essential to understand hidden pathological mechanisms and also life system potential as protective and recovering metabolic strategies in patients with FM.

scholarly journals Neurochemical metabolite alterations of the occipital lobe in migraine without aura by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Alireza Dehghan ◽  
Erfan Saatchian ◽  
Mohammadreza Sobhani ◽  
Alireza Montazerabadi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
The Mean

Background Migraine without aura is the most common type of migraine headache, accounting for about 80% of all migraines. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the neurochemical metabolite alterations in the occipital lobe of patients suffering from migraine without aura using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Methods Fifteen patients suffering from migraine without aura with an occipital plaque and 16 healthy controls were included in this study. Changes in the neurochemical metabolites in the occipital lobe were assessed using 1H-MRS. The ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) to creatine (Cr), choline (Cho) to Cr and myo-inositol (MI) to NAA were measured by voxel volume at 8 cm3. Results The mean NAA/Cr ratio decreased significantly in patients compared to controls. Cho/Cr and MI/NAA ratios increased significantly in patients. In addition, the duration of the disease and the frequency of headache attacks were significantly associated with a decrease in the NAA/Cr ratio and an increase in the Cho/Cr ratio. Conclusions Migraine without aura shows a significant association with changes in neurochemical metabolites detectable by 1H-MRS in the occipital lobe of patients. In addition, changes in metabolic ratios showed a significant relationship with the duration of the disease and the frequency of headache attacks.

scholarly journals Increased ventricular cerebrospinal fluid lactate in depressed adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A.L. Bradley ◽  
X. Mao ◽  
J.A.C. Case ◽  
G. Kang ◽  
D.C. Shungu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
State Feature

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial dysfunction has been increasingly examined as a potential pathogenic event in psychiatric disorders, although its role early in the course of major depressive disorder (MDD) is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate mitochondrial dysfunction in medication-free adolescents with MDD through in vivo measurements of neurometabolites using high-spatial resolution multislice/multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.MethodsTwenty-three adolescents with MDD and 29 healthy controls, ages 12–20, were scanned at 3 T and concentrations of ventricular cerebrospinal fluid lactate, as well as N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), total creatine (tCr), and total choline (tCho) in the bilateral caudate, putamen, and thalamus were reported.ResultsAdolescents with MDD exhibited increased ventricular lactate compared to healthy controls [F(1,41) = 6.98, P = 0.01]. However, there were no group differences in the other neurometabolites. Dimensional analyses in the depressed group showed no relation between any of the neurometabolites and symptomatology, including anhedonia and fatigue.ConclusionsIncreased ventricular lactate in depressed adolescents suggests mitochondrial dysfunction may be present early in the course of MDD; however it is still not known whether the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction is a trait vulnerability of individuals predisposed to psychopathology or a state feature of the disorder. Therefore, there is a need for larger multimodal studies to clarify these chemical findings in the context of network function.

scholarly journals 31P-MRS demonstrates a reduction in high-energy phosphates in the occipital lobe of migraine without aura patients

Cephalalgia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmen Reyngoudt ◽  
Koen Paemeleire ◽  
Benedicte Descamps ◽  
Yves De Deene ◽  
Eric Achten
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brain Energy Metabolism ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
High Energy Phosphates ◽  
Replacement Technique ◽  
Brain Energy

Background: Differences in brain energy metabolism have been found between migraine patients and controls in previous phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) studies, most of them emphasizing migraine with aura (MwA). The aim of this study was to verify potential changes in resting-state brain energy metabolism in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) compared to control subjects by 31P-MRS at 3 tesla. Methods: Quantification was performed using the phantom replacement technique. MRS measurements were performed interictally and in the medial occipital lobe of 19 MwoA patients and 26 age-matched controls. Results: A significantly decreased phosphocreatine concentration ([PCr]) was found as in previous studies. While adenosine triphosphate concentration ([ATP]) was considered to be constant in previously published work, this study found a significant decrease in the measured [ATP] in MwoA patients. The inorganic phosphate ([Pi]) and magnesium ([Mg2+]) concentrations were not significantly different between MwoA patients and controls. Conclusions: The altered metabolic concentrations indicate that the energy metabolism in MwoA patients is impaired, certainly in a subgroup of patients. The actual decrease in [ATP] adds further strength to the theory of the presence of a mitochondrial component in the pathophysiology of migraine.

scholarly journals Human Brain β-Hydroxybutyrate and Lactate Increase in Fasting-Induced Ketosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1502-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jullie W. Pan ◽  
Douglas L. Rothman ◽  
Kevin L. Behar ◽  
Daniel T. Stein ◽  
Hoby P. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Recent Observation ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Glucose Phosphorylation ◽  
Calcarine Fissure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Lactate

Ketones are known to constitute an important fraction of fuel for consumption by the brain, with brain ketone content generally thought to be low. However, the recent observation of 1-mmol/L levels of brain β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in children on the ketogenic diet suggests otherwise. The authors report the measurement of brain BHB and lactate in the occipital lobe of healthy adults using high field (4-T) magnetic resonance spectroscopy, measured in the nonfasted state and after 2-and 3-day fasting-induced ketosis. A 9-mL voxel located in the calcarine fissure was studied, detecting the BHB and lactate upfield resonances using a 1H homonuclear editing sequence. Plasma BHB levels also were measured. The mean brain BHB concentration increased from a nonfasted level of 0.05 ± 0.05 to 0.60 ± 0.26 mmol/L (after second day of fasting), increasing further to 0.98 ± 0.16 mmol/L (after the third day of fasting). The mean nonfasted brain lactate was 0.69 ± 0.17 mmol/L, increasing to 1.47 ± 0.22 mmol/L after the third day. The plasma and brain BHB levels correlated well ( r = 0.86) with a brain–plasma slope of 0.26. These data show that brain BHB rises significantly with 2-and 3-day fasting-induced ketosis. The lactate increase likely results from ketones displacing lactate oxidation without altering glucose phosphorylation and glycolysis.

Neurometabolic Diseases in Children: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Direnç Özlem Aksoy ◽  
Alpay Alkan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurometabolic Disorders ◽  
Brain Involvement ◽  
The Brain

Background: Neurometabolic diseases are a group of diseases secondary to disorders in different metabolic pathways, which lead to white and/or gray matter of the brain involvement. </P><P> Discussion: Neurometabolic disorders are divided in two groups as dysmyelinating and demyelinating diseases. Because of wide spectrum of these disorders, there are many different classifications of neurometabolic diseases. We used the classification according to brain involvement areas. In radiological evaluation, MRI provides useful information for these disseases. Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) provides additional metabolic information for diagnosis and follow ups in childhood with neurometabolic diseases.

scholarly journals In Vivo Measurement of Neurochemical Abnormalities in the Hippocampus in a Rat Model of Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Do-Wan Lee ◽  
Jae-Im Kwon ◽  
Chul-Woong Woo ◽  
Hwon Heo ◽  
Kyung Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Hippocampal Lesions ◽  
Total Creatine

This study quantitatively measured the changes in metabolites in the hippocampal lesions of a rat model of cuprizone-induced demyelination as detected using in vivo 7 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nineteen Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed a normal chow diet or cuprizone (0.2%, w/w) for 7 weeks. Demyelinated hippocampal lesions were quantitatively measured using a 7 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. All proton spectra were quantified for metabolite concentrations and relative ratios. Compared to those in the controls, the cuprizone-induced rats had significantly higher concentrations of glutamate (p = 0.001), gamma-aminobutyric acid (p = 0.019), and glutamate + glutamine (p = 0.001); however, creatine + phosphocreatine (p = 0.006) and myo-inositol (p = 0.001) concentrations were lower. In addition, we found that the glutamine and glutamate complex/total creatine (p < 0.001), glutamate/total creatine (p < 0.001), and GABA/total creatine (p = 0.002) ratios were significantly higher in cuprizone-treated rats than in control rats. Our results showed that cuprizone-induced neuronal demyelination may influence the severe abnormal metabolism in hippocampal lesions, and these responses could be caused by microglial activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and astrocytic necrosis.

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