scholarly journals Microbial-Assisted Wheat Iron Biofortification Using Endophytic Bacillus altitudinis WR10

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongke Sun ◽  
Zonghao Yue ◽  
Hongzhan Liu ◽  
Keshi Ma ◽  
Chengwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Bacillus Altitudinis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Fe Homeostasis

Microbial-assisted biofortification attracted much attention recently due to its sustainable and eco-friendly nature for improving nutrient content in wheat. An endophytic strain Bacillus altitudinis WR10, which showed sophistical regulation of iron (Fe) homeostasis in wheat seedlings, inspired us to test its potential for enhancing Fe biofortification in wheat grain. In this study, assays in vitro indicated that WR10 has versatile plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits and bioinformatic analysis predicted its non-pathogenicity. Two inoculation methods, namely, seed soaking and soil spraying, with 107 cfu/ml WR10 cells were applied once before sowing of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Zhoumai 36) in the field. After wheat maturation, evaluation of yield and nutrients showed a significant increase in the mean number of kernels per spike (KPS) and the content of total nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and Fe in grains. At the grain filling stage, the abundance of Bacillus spp. and the content of N, K, and Fe in the root, the stem, and the leaf were also increased in nearly all tissues, except Fe in the stem and the leaf. Further correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between the total abundance of Bacillus spp. and the content of N, K, and Fe in grains. Seed staining confirmed the enhanced accumulation of Fe, especially in the embryo and the endosperm. Finally, using a hydroponic coculture model, qPCR quantification indicated effective colonization, internalization, translocation, and replication of strain WR10 in wheat within 48 h. Collectively, strain WR10 assisted successful Fe biofortification in wheat in the field, laying a foundation for further large-scale investigation of its applicability and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Salt Stress in Wheat Seedlings via Multifunctional Bacillus aryabhattai PM34: An In-Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8030
Author(s):  
Shehzad Mehmood ◽  
Amir Abdullah Khan ◽  
Fuchen Shi ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Tariq Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Bacillus Aryabhattai

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria play a substantial role in plant growth and development under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. However, understanding about the functional role of rhizobacterial strains for wheat growth under salt stress remains largely unknown. Here we investigated the antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 inhabiting ACC deaminase and exopolysaccharide producing ability to ameliorate salinity stress in wheat seedlings under in vitro conditions. The strain PM34 was isolated from the potato rhizosphere and screened for different PGP traits comprising nitrogen fixation, potassium, zinc solubilization, indole acetic acid, siderophore, and ammonia production, along with various extracellular enzyme activities. The strain PM34 showed significant tolerance towards both abiotic stresses including salt stress (NaCl 2 M), heavy metal (nickel, 100 ppm, and cadmium, 300 ppm), heat stress (60 °C), and biotic stress through mycelial inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani (43%) and Fusarium solani (41%). The PCR detection of ituC, nifH, and acds genes coding for iturin, nitrogenase, and ACC deaminase enzyme indicated the potential of strain PM34 for plant growth promotion and stress tolerance. In the in vitro experiment, NaCl (2 M) decreased the wheat growth while the inoculation of strain PM34 enhanced the germination% (48%), root length (76%), shoot length (75%), fresh biomass (79%), and dry biomass (87%) over to un-inoculated control under 2M NaCl level. The results of experiments depicted the ability of antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 to augment salt stress tolerance when inoculated to wheat plants under saline environment.

scholarly journals Multi-Trait Wheat Rhizobacteria from Calcareous Soil with Biocontrol Activity Promote Plant Growth and Mitigate Salinity Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Anastasia Venieraki ◽  
Styliani N. Chorianopoulou ◽  
Panagiotis Katinakis ◽  
Dimitris L. Bouranis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Microbial Fertilizers

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be functional microbial fertilizers and/or biological control agents, contributing to an eco-spirit and safe solution for chemical replacement. Therefore, we have isolated rhizospheric arylsulfatase (ARS)-producing bacteria, belonging to Pseudomonas and Bacillus genus, from durum wheat crop grown on calcareous soil. These isolates harbouring plant growth promoting (PGP) traits were further evaluated in vitro for additional PGP traits, including indole compounds production and biocontrol activity against phytopathogens, limiting the group of multi-trait strains to eight. The selected bacterial strains were further evaluated for PGP attributes associated with biofilm formation, compatibility, salt tolerance ability and effect on plant growth. In vitro studies demonstrated that the multi-trait isolates, Bacillus (1.SG.7, 5.SG.3) and Pseudomonas (2.SG.20, 2.C.19) strains, enhanced the lateral roots abundance and shoots biomass, mitigated salinity stress, suggesting the utility of beneficial ARS-producing bacteria as potential microbial fertilizers. Furthermore, in vitro studies demonstrated that compatible combinations of multi-trait isolates, Bacillus sp. 1.SG.7 in a mixture coupled with 5.SG.3, and 2.C.19 with 5.SG.3 belonging to Bacillus and Pseudomonas, respectively, may enhance plant growth as compared to single inoculants.

scholarly journals Phase Variation and Genomic Architecture Changes in Azospirillum

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (15) ◽  
pp. 5364-5373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Vial ◽  
Céline Lavire ◽  
Patrick Mavingui ◽  
Didier Blaha ◽  
Jacqueline Haurat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Pulse Field ◽  
Genomic Rearrangements ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Architecture ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

ABSTRACT The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Azospirillum lipoferum 4B generates in vitro at high frequency a stable nonswimming phase variant designated 4VI, which is distinguishable from the wild type by the differential absorption of dyes. The frequency of variants generated by a recA mutant of A. lipoferum 4B was increased up to 10-fold. The pleiotropic modifications characteristic of the phase variant are well documented, but the molecular processes involved are unknown. Here, the objective was to assess whether genomic rearrangements take place during phase variation of strain 4B. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles of strains 4B and 4VI differed. RAPD fragments observed only with the wild type were cloned, and three cosmids carrying the corresponding fragments were isolated. The three cosmids hybridized with a 750-kb plasmid and pulse-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that this replicon was missing in the 4VI genome. The same rearrangements took place during phase variation of 4BrecA. Large-scale genomic rearrangements during phase variation were demonstrated for two additional strains. In Azospirillum brasilense WN1, generation of stable variants was correlated with the disappearance of a replicon of 260 kb. For Azospirillum irakense KBC1, the variant was not stable and coincided with the formation of a new replicon, whereas the revertant recovered the parental genomic architecture. This study shows large-scale genomic rearrangements in Azospirillum strains and correlates them with phase variation.

scholarly journals Physiological Adaptation and Plant Growth Promoting Functional Traits of Bacillus altitudinis FD48 under In vitro Osmotic Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Shobana Narayanasamy ◽  
Sugitha Thankappan ◽  
Sivakumar Uthandi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Bacillus Altitudinis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Traits

To develop an osmotolerant microbe, as a bioinoculant to mitigate drought it is vital to understand the impact of osmotic stress on their growth and plant growth promoting functional traits. The present study was aimed to evaluate the physiological adaptations and plant growth-promoting traits of a phyllosphere bacterium Bacillus altitudinis FD48 under osmotic stress conditions. The FD48 strain isolated from rice (cultivar ADT43) phyllosphere obtained from Biocatalysts laboratory, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. In vitro bioassay was conducted to evaluate the osmotolerant potentials of FD48. B. altitudinis FD48 grown in LB supplemented with PEG 6000 and grown for 48 hrs. Physiological adaptation to osmotic stress was observed by assessing the osmolytes and free amino acids content produced by FD48 under induced stress. Further the plant growth promoting traits under osmotic stress also asceratined. The growth pattern of FD48 strain decreased with the increase in PEG concentrations. The lower level of osmotic stress enhanced the growth of FD48 but at higher concentration exhibited a decline in growth. Enhanced levels of IAA (25 µg g-1 of protein) and EPS (9.76 mg mg-1 protein) production were recorded in the FD48 strain at lower levels of osmotic stress. Furthermore, an increase in osmotic stress had a deleterious effect on IAA production and ACC deaminase activity while the exopolysaccharide production was enhanced. Growth of FD48 under osmotic stress also increased the accumulation of proline and compatible sugars that will protect the FD48 strain by maintaining the turgor potential of cells and stabilizes the membrane proteins. Hence, the results of our study suggesting that, B. altitudinis FD48 strain has the potential to tolerate osmotic stress and might be used as a newer bio-inoculant for triggering moisture deficit stress resilience in plants.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Emerging Tool to Manage Bacterial Rice Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat ◽  
Erneeza Mohd Hata ◽  
Dzarifah Zulperi ◽  
Siti Izera Ismail ◽  
Mohd Razi Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rice Pathogens ◽  
Grain Losses

As a major food crop, rice (Oryza sativa) is produced and consumed by nearly 90% of the population in Asia with less than 9% produced outside Asia. Hence, reports on large scale grain losses were alarming and resulted in a heightened awareness on the importance of rice plants’ health and increased interest against phytopathogens in rice. To serve this interest, this review will provide a summary on bacterial rice pathogens, which can potentially be controlled by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Additionally, this review highlights PGPB-mediated functional traits, including biocontrol of bacterial rice pathogens and enhancement of rice plant’s growth. Currently, a plethora of recent studies address the use of PGPB to combat bacterial rice pathogens in an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that often lead to environmental pollutions. As a tool to combat bacterial rice pathogens, PGPB presented itself as a promising alternative in improving rice plants’ health and simultaneously controlling bacterial rice pathogens in vitro and in the field/greenhouse studies. PGPB, such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Streptomyces, are now very well-known. Applications of PGPB as bioformulations are found to be effective in improving rice productivity and provide an eco-friendly alternative to agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Screening of efficient rhizobacteria associated with cauliflower (Brassica oleraceavar. botrytis L.) for plant growth promoting traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Sonal Bhardwaj ◽  
Bhawna Dipta ◽  
Shruti Kirti ◽  
Rajesh Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Antifungal Metabolites ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

In the current study, a total of 25 isolates were isolated from the rhizosphere and roots of cauliflower (Brassica oleraceavar. botrytis L.) from the vicinity of Una district of Himachal Pradesh. The isolates were tested in vitro for their ability to solubilise phosphorous and produce siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA), hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and antifungal metabolites against the soil borne pathogens. Results revealed that out of 25, only 4 rhizospheric isolates (SB5, SB11, SB8 and SB10) have maximum plant growth promoting attributes. The isolates were identified as Bacillus sp. on the basis of Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. The isolate SB11 recorded highest phosphate solubilizing efficiency in solid medium (109.09%) and in liquid medium (350μg/ml). Maximum production of IAA (51.96μg/ml), siderophore (91.41%) and HCN were also observed for the same isolate. Further-more, the isolate SB11 produced highest antifungal metabolite production against Rhizoctoniasolani(37.11%), Sclerotiniasclerotiorum(41.11%), and Pythium sp. (71.11%) causing root rot, stalk rot and damping off diseases in cauliflower, respectively. The selected isolate (SB11) showed optimum growth at a pH of 7.0, 35°C temperature and 2% NaCl. On the basis of multifarious PGP-traits the SB11 isolate has tremendous potential to be used as a bioferti-lizer/bioprotectant for growth promotion and natural protection of cauliflower under low hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh.

scholarly journals Phenetic Characterization of Nitrogen Fixing Azotobacter from Rhizospheric Soil of Southern Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 428-436
Author(s):  
Devendra Jain ◽  
Gunnjeet Kaur ◽  
Ali Asger Bhojiya ◽  
Surya Chauhan ◽  
S.K. Khandelwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The present research was conducted to characterize the indigenous plant growth promoting (PGP) Azotobacter strains isolated from plant root interface of semi-arid regions of Rajasthan (India) and to study their potential to be used as bio-fertilizers. A total of 172 Azotobacter strains were isolated, purified and based on the morphological test i.e. gram staining, pigmentation, cyst formation, fluorescence etc, broadly classified as Azotobacter. Further the secluded strains were examined for biochemical analysis and plant growth promoting characters. All the isolates showed different biochemical characteristics and significant PGP traits. IAA activity of the Azotobacter strains ranges from 54.5-6000 µg/mL. Ammonia, HCN and siderophore was produced by 92.4%, 78.4% and 80.23% of the total isolates respectively. Solubilization of phosphate was observed in 97.6% of the total isolates. These strains were also characterized for qualitative and quantitative N2 fixation abilities and the result indicated that 114 strains showed positive results on nitrogen free malate agar medium (NFMM) containing bromothymol blue (BTB) and able to produce 18.93-475.6 N-moles C2H4 mg protein−1 h−1 of acetylene reduced by Azotobacter strains. In vitro pot studies revealed that the selected native Azotobacter strains having high ARA results significantly increase the plant growth characters. Shoot length, root length, root number and chlorophyll content and leaf number increases by 45.62%, 17.60%, 97.49%, 49.69% and 27.83% respectively in pot inoculated with AZO23-3 as compared to control. These effective strains can further be utilized for development of effective microbial formulations.

scholarly journals De novo genome assembly of Bacillus altitudinis 19RS3 and Bacillus altitudinis T5S-T4, two plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil. (yerba mate)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248274
Author(s):  
Iliana Julieta Cortese ◽  
María Lorena Castrillo ◽  
Andrea Liliana Onetto ◽  
Gustavo Ángel Bich ◽  
Pedro Darío Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
De Novo Genome Assembly ◽  
Bacillus Altitudinis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are a heterogeneous group of bacteria that can exert beneficial effects on plant growth directly or indirectly by different mechanisms. PGPB-based inoculant formulation has been used to replace chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In our previous studies, two endophytic endospore-forming bacteria identified as Bacillus altitudinis were isolated from roots of Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil. seedlings and selected for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties shown in vitro and in vivo. The purposes of this work were to assemble the genomes of B. altitudinis 19RS3 and T5S-T4, using different assemblers available for Windows and Linux and to select the best assembly for each strain. Both genomes were also automatically annotated to detect PGP genes and compare sequences with other genomes reported. Library construction and draft genome sequencing were performed by Macrogen services. Raw reads were filtered using the Trimmomatic tool. Genomes were assembled using SPAdes, ABySS, Velvet, and SOAPdenovo2 assemblers for Linux, and Geneious and CLC Genomics Workbench assemblers for Windows. Assembly evaluation was done by the QUAST tool. The parameters evaluated were the number of contigs ≥ 500 bp and ≥ 1000 bp, the length of the longest contig, and the N50 value. For genome annotation PROKKA, RAST, and KAAS tools were used. The best assembly for both genomes was obtained using Velvet. The B. altitudinis 19RS3 genome was assembled into 15 contigs with an N50 value of 1,943,801 bp. The B. altitudinis T5S-T4 genome was assembled into 24 contigs with an N50 of 344,151 bp. Both genomes comprise several genes related to PGP mechanisms, such as those for nitrogen fixation, iron metabolism, phosphate metabolism, and auxin biosynthesis. The results obtained offer the basis for a better understanding of B. altitudinis 19RS3 and T5S-T4 and make them promissory for bioinoculant development.

scholarly journals Isolation of plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas sp. PPR8 from the rhizosphere of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Ramesh Dubey ◽  
Dinesh Maheshwari ◽  
Yong-Ha Park ◽  
Vivek Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

In vitro screening of plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits was carried out using eight Pseudomonas spp., PPR1 to PPR8, isolated from the rhizosphere of Phaseolus vulgaris growing on the Uttarakhand Himalayan range in India. All the isolates were fast growers, positive for catalase, oxidase and urease activities, and utilized lactose and some amino acids. All the isolates were indole acetic acid (IAA) positive, however PPR8 solubilized potassium and zinc along with various other types of inorganic (tricalcium, dicalcium and zinc phosphate) and organic (calcium phytate) phosphates, as well as producing siderophore and ACC deaminase. PPR8 also produced cyanogens, extracellular chitinase, ?-1,3-glucanase, ?-1,4-glucanase and oxalate oxidase. Based on the PGP traits of all isolates, PPR8 was found to be the most potent plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Further, PPR8 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. PPR8, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Moreover, the PGP activities of PPR8 confirmed it to be a potent biocontrol agent, inhibiting the growth of various plant pathogenic fungi. This study reveals the potential of Pseudomonas sp. PPR8 to be used as a good bioinoculant for growth promotion of common bean and for the protection of important legume crops from various deleterious phytopathogens.

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