scholarly journals Case Report: Circulating Tumor Cells as a Response Biomarker in ALK-Positive Metastatic Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Bonvini ◽  
Elisabetta Rossi ◽  
Angelica Zin ◽  
Mariangela Manicone ◽  
Riccardo Vidotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Response Biomarker ◽  
Alk Positive ◽  
Bilateral Lung ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are locally aggressive malignancies occurring at various sites. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and prognosis is generally good. For children with unresectable or metastatic tumors, however, outcome is particularly severe, limited also by the lack of predictive biomarkers of therapy efficacy and disease progression. Blood represents a minimally invasive source of cancer biomarkers for real-time assessment of tumor growth, particularly when it involves the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC). As CTCs potentially represent disseminated disease, their detection in the blood correlates with the presence of metastatic lesions and may reflect tumor response to treatment. Herein, we present a case report of a 19-year-old boy with an ALK-positive IMT of the bladder, proximal osteolytic and multiple bilateral lung lesions, who received ALK inhibitor entrectinib postoperatively and underwent longitudinal CTC analysis during treatment. Antitumor activity of entrectinib was demonstrated and was accompanied by regression of lung lesions, elimination of CTCs from the blood and no development of relapses afterwards. Therapy continued without any clinical sign of progression and 24 months since the initiation of treatment the patient remains symptom-free and disease-free.

Molecular Characterization and Clinical Utility of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer

2014 ◽  
pp. e197-e203 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lorente ◽  
Joaquin Mateo ◽  
Johann S. de Bono
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rare cancer cells that can be detected in the blood of patients with solid malignancies. The Veridex CellSearch Assay was analytically and clinically validated, and has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for the enumeration of CTCs in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. A number of alternative assays, with potential advantages, are currently undergoing clinical and/or analytic validation before their routine use can be established. In prostate cancer, high pretreatment CTC counts have been associated with worse survival, and changes in CTC counts in response to treatment have been established as indicators of response to treatment. Additional analyses are ongoing to establish the value of CTC counts as a surrogate of survival in prospective, phase III trials, which could influence the process of drug development and regulatory approval. Additionally, CTCs have a potential role in the molecular characterization of prostate cancer, serving as “liquid biopsies” to determine the molecular characteristics of the disease. The study of androgen receptor (AR) mutations or amplification, chromosomal rearrangements, or the determination of DNA repair biomarkers has been evaluated in clinical trials. CTCs have a wide range of potential applications, from their prognostic use in stratification of patients in clinical trials or the assessment of response to treatment, to the pharmacodynamic evaluation of novel agents, or the discovery and use of predictive biomarkers that can aid in the development of personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Molecular and Circulating Biomarkers of Brain Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7039
Author(s):  
Wojciech Jelski ◽  
Barbara Mroczko
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Methylguanine Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Brain tumors are the most common malignant primary intracranial tumors of the central nervous system. They are often recognized too late for successful therapy. Minimally invasive methods are needed to establish a diagnosis or monitor the response to treatment of CNS tumors. Brain tumors release molecular information into the circulation. Liquid biopsies collect and analyze tumor components in body fluids, and there is an increasing interest in the investigation of liquid biopsies as a substitute for tumor tissue. Tumor-derived biomarkers include nucleic acids, proteins, and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles that accumulate in blood or cerebrospinal fluid. In recent years, circulating tumor cells have also been identified in the blood of glioblastoma patients. In this review of the literature, the authors highlight the significance, regulation, and prevalence of molecular biomarkers such as O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, epidermal growth factor receptor, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Herein, we critically review the available literature on plasma circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free tumors (ctDNAs), circulating cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRNAs), and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) for the diagnosis and monitoring of brain tumor. Currently available markers have significant limitations.While much research has been conductedon these markers, there is still a significant amount that we do not yet understand, which may account for some conflicting reports in the literature.

The Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and DNAs as Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Gastrointestinal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Memarpour ◽  
Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha ◽  
Awa Alizadeh Ghannad ◽  
Masoud Sharifian Razavi ◽  
Mona Joudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Gi Cancer ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
Tumor Dna

: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the most common cancers globally. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis. The conventional methods for diagnosis and screening for GI cancers are often invasive and have other limitations. In the era of personalized medicine, a novel non-invasive approach called liquid biopsy has been introduced for the detection and management of GI cancers, which focuses on the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA). Several studies have shown that this new approach allows for an improved understanding of GI tumor biology and will lead to an improvement in clinical management. The aim of the current review is to explore the clinical applications of CTCs and ctDNA in patients with GI cancer.

Monitoring and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) in a Patient With EML4-ALK–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. e173-e177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Aieta ◽  
Antonella Facchinetti ◽  
Stefania De Faveri ◽  
Mariangela Manicone ◽  
Alfredo Tartarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Alk Positive

scholarly journals Circulating Tumor Cells as a Biomarker of Response to Treatment in Patient-Derived Xenograft Mouse Models of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e89474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Torphy ◽  
Christopher J. Tignanelli ◽  
Joyce W. Kamande ◽  
Richard A. Moffitt ◽  
Silvia G. Herrera Loeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Patient Derived Xenograft

scholarly journals Circulating Tumor Cells in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Clinical Applications and Future Possibilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3311
Author(s):  
Maggie Banys-Paluchowski ◽  
Florian Reinhardt ◽  
Tanja Fehm
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Cellsearch System

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have gained importance as an emerging biomarker in solid tumors in the last two decades. Several detection assays have been introduced by various study groups, with EpCAM-based CellSearch system being the most widely used and standardized technique. In breast cancer, detection of CTCs correlates with clinical outcome in early and metastatic settings. CTC persistence beyond first cycle of palliative chemotherapy indicates poor response to treatment in metastatic situation. Beyond prognostication and therapy monitoring, CTC counts can guide treatment decisions in hormone receptor positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Furthermore, CTC-based therapy interventions are currently under investigation in clinical trials. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge and possible clinical applications of CTC diagnostics in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

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