scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Training and Its Response in Marathon Finishers Based on Fitness App Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Zrenner ◽  
Christian Heyde ◽  
Burkhard Duemler ◽  
Solms Dykman ◽  
Kai Roecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Performance Group ◽  
Training Response ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Response Group ◽  
Marathon Performance

Objective: Finishing a marathon requires to prepare for a 42.2 km run. Current literature describes which training characteristics are related to marathon performance. However, which training is most effective in terms of a performance improvement remains unclear.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of training responses during a 16 weeks training period prior to an absolved marathon. The analysis was performed on unsupervised fitness app data (Runtastic) from 6,771 marathon finishers. Differences in training volume and intensity between three response and three marathon performance groups were analyzed. Training response was quantified by the improvement of the velocity of 10 km runs Δv10 between the first and last 4 weeks of the training period. Response and marathon performance groups were classified by the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentile of Δv10 and the marathon performance time, respectively.Results: Subjects allocated in the faster marathon performance group showed systematically higher training volume and higher shares of training at low intensities. Only subjects in the moderate and high response group increased their training velocity continuously along the 16 weeks of training.Conclusion: We demonstrate that a combination of maximized training volumes at low intensities, a continuous increase in average running speed up to the aimed marathon velocity and high intensity runs ≤ 5 % of the overall training volume was accompanied by an improved 10 km performance which likely benefited the marathon performance as well. The study at hand proves that unsupervised workouts recorded with fitness apps can be a valuable data source for future studies in sport science.

Relations among Heavy Training Stress, Mood State, and Performance for Male Junior Rowers

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaak Jürimäe ◽  
Jarek Mäestu ◽  
Priit Purge ◽  
Toivo Jürimäe ◽  
Terje Sööt
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Recovery Stress ◽  
Training Stress ◽  
Heavy Training

This study investigated the influence of rapidly increased training volume on performance and recovery-stress state perceived by 10 male junior rowers. The training during the 6-day period amounted to 21.5 ± 2.2 hr., which was equivalent to an average increase in training load by approximately 100% compared to their average training volume during the previous 4 wk. The time to row 2,000 m on a rowing ergometer and resting cortisol level were significantly increased after the 6-day training period. Scores on subscales of the Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes significantly increased for somatic component of stress (Fatigue) and decreased factor indicating recovery (Social Relaxation) after the heavy training period. A correlation of .63 was found between increased training volume and scores on the Conflicts/Pressure subscale at the end of the heavy training period. Correlations were also found between changes in training volume with changes on subscales of Sleep Quality ( r = −.64) and Burnout/Personal Accomplishment ( r = −.66). Changes in resting cortisol levels as a result of heavy training stress were related to the changes in the following stress subscales: Social Stress ( r = .76), Fatigue ( r = .64), Disturbed Breaks ( r = .65), and Fitness/Injury ( r = 67). Changes in performance, perceived recovery-stress state and resting plasma cortisol level reflect increased stress due to high training. These results suggest that the Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes could be used to evaluate the effects of rapidly increased training volume for male junior rowers.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH KURS, SERTIFIKAT BANK INDONESIA DAN INFLASI TERHADAP KINERJA REKSADANA PENDAPATAN TETAP TAHUN 2015-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Andini Nurwulandari
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Fixed Income ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Data Documentation

Each type of investment has different risks. However, the general rule is that the higher the likelihood of an investment the greater the risk of the instrument. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. The data source is secondary data from the official BI website. OJK and BPS. This research covers all OJK mutual funds between 2015-2019. Sampling was done purposively. Data documentation is used for sampling. The results of the study found that the level of development has a negative effect on the results of fixed-income mutual funds, the lower the SBI, the worse the output of mutual funds that have fixed income will be; and inflation does not affect the FIM, because inflation represents a continuous increase in costs for products and services.

scholarly journals FINAL PREPARATIONS TO THE GIRLS’ TENNIS EUROPE JUNIOR MASTERS

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Marina Jagiello ◽  
Wladyslaw Jagiello
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Time Structure ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Direct Preparation

Purpose: One of the important problems in sports training of top class tennis players is the optimal planning of direct preparations for the main competitions of the season. In this respect, the aim of the study is a retrospective analysis of the direct preparation to compete in the Girls’ Tennis Europe Junior Masters. Material: Research material was composed of training plans of the best Polish player in the Juniors category, M.L. The analysis concerned the time structure, the total training volume and the proportion of the applied training means. Results: It was found that, regardless of the methodological and organisational determinants of specific training solutions, the direct preparation to the competition should meet the generally accepted principles in the theory of training, among others, connected with periodization of training and the phasic system of shaping the form. Direct competitive preparation may significantly vary in specific cases. Conclusions: An efficient, proven in certain circumstances model of preparation may be inefficient in others.

Professionalitet — new essence and old meanings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-255
Author(s):  
V. I. Blinov ◽  
L. N. Kurteeva
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Secondary Vocational Education ◽  
Strategic Initiative ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Periods

Research is devoted to a new strategic initiative for the development of secondary vocational education "Professionalitet". This initiative is declared as a new level of education in colleges and contains approaches and principles for updating the content of vocational education, intensifying the development of professional educational organizations and reducing the duration of training.A retrospective analysis of the history of secondary vocational education revealed the predisposition of this level of education to rejection and change in the semantic connotations of the levels of vocational education in different historical periods. The process of development is often presented as a struggle of emerging new entities with old meanings, which inevitably continue to function in the minds of people. Historical retrospective knowledge gives us the opportunity to optimize our views on the inevitable new and the obsolete old.Presents the characteristics of the project "Professionalitet". The analysis of the socio-economic reasons for the creation of professionalism allows us to speak about its objective necessity, and the presented structure of the new level of education gives an answer to the question-due to what the training period will be reduced. Special attention is paid to the risks and problems that will have to be faced when implementing this project.

Cardiovascular autonomic function correlates with the response to aerobic training in healthy sedentary subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (4) ◽  
pp. H1747-H1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arto J. Hautala ◽  
Timo H. Mäkikallio ◽  
Antti Kiviniemi ◽  
Raija T. Laukkanen ◽  
Seppo Nissilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Spectral Component ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Autonomic Function ◽  
Training Response ◽  
Sedentary Subjects

Individual responses to aerobic training vary from almost none to a 40% increase in aerobic fitness in sedentary subjects. The reasons for these differences in the training response are not well known. We hypothesized that baseline cardiovascular autonomic function may influence the training response. The study population included sedentary male subjects ( n = 39, 35 ± 9 yr). The training period was 8 wk, including 6 sessions/wk at an intensity of 70–80% of the maximum heart rate for 30–60 min/session. Cardiovascular autonomic function was assessed by measuring the power spectral indexes of heart rate variability from 24-h R-R interval recordings before the training period. Mean peak O2 uptake increased by 11 ± 5% during the training period (range 2–19%). The training response correlated with age ( r = –0.39, P = 0.007) and with the values of the high-frequency (HF) spectral component of R-R intervals (HF power) analyzed over the 24-h recording ( r = 0.46, P = 0.002) or separately during the daytime hours ( r = 0.35, P = 0.028) and most strongly during the nighttime hours ( r = 0.52, P = 0.001). After adjustment for age, HF power was still associated with the training response (e.g., P = 0.001 analyzed during nighttime hours). These data show that cardiovascular autonomic function is an important determinant of the response to aerobic training among sedentary men. High vagal activity at baseline is associated with the improvement in aerobic power caused by aerobic exercise training in healthy sedentary subjects.

scholarly journals Global Perspective of COVID-19 Vaccine Nationalism

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palash Basak ◽  
TANVIR ABIR ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Noor Raihani Zainol ◽  
Mansura Khanam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Global Pattern ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Access Data

Abstract: This study aimed to explore the global perspective of the association between GDP of various countries and progress of COVID-19 vaccinations; to explore how the global pattern holds in the continents, and investigate the spatial distribution pattern of COVID-19 vaccination progress for all countries. We have used consolidated data on COVID-19 vaccination and GDP from Our World in Data, an open-access data source. Data analysis and visualization were performed in R-Studio. There was a strong linear association between per capita income and the proportion of people vaccinated in countries with one million or more populations. GDP per capita accounts for a 50% variation in the vaccination rate across the nations. Our assessments revealed that the global pattern holds in every continent. Rich European and North-American countries are most protected against COVID-19. Less developed African countries barely initiated the vaccination program. There is a significant disparity among Asian countries. The security of wealthier nations (vac-cinated their citizens) cannot be guaranteed unless adequate vaccination covers the less-endowed countries. Therefore, the global community should take initiatives to speed up the COVID-19 vaccination program in all countries of the world, irrespective of their wealth. Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination; GDP; public health, high-income countries, developing coun-tries

scholarly journals Personal best marathon performance is associated with performance in a 24-h run and not anthropometry or training volume

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 836-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Knechtle ◽  
A. Wirth ◽  
P. Knechtle ◽  
K. Zimmermann ◽  
G. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Training Volume ◽  
Marathon Performance

scholarly journals A Low-Complex Frame Rate Up-Conversion with Edge-Preserved Filtering

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Li ◽  
Wendan Ma ◽  
Yanling Li ◽  
Lei You
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Motion Vector ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Video Frame ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Video Frames ◽  
Motion Vector Field ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Frame Rate Up Conversion

The improvement of resolution of digital video requires a continuous increase of computation invested into Frame Rate Up-Conversion (FRUC). In this paper, we combine the advantages of Edge-Preserved Filtering (EPF) and Bidirectional Motion Estimation (BME) in an attempt to reduce the computational complexity. The inaccuracy of BME results from the existing similar structures in the texture regions, which can be avoided by using EPF to remove the texture details of video frames. EPF filters out by the high-frequency components, so each video frame can be subsampled before BME, at the same time, with the least accuracy degradation. EPF also preserves the edges, which prevents the deformation of object in the process of subsampling. Besides, we use predictive search to reduce the redundant search points according to the local smoothness of Motion Vector Field (MVF) to speed up BME. The experimental results show that the proposed FRUC algorithm brings good objective and subjective qualities of the interpolated frames with a low computational complexity.

scholarly journals Data Quality Automation: a Generic Approach for Large Linked Research Datasets

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A Elmessary ◽  
Daniel Thayer ◽  
Sarah Rees ◽  
Leticia ReesKemp ◽  
Arfon Rees
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Relational Database ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Inaccurate Data ◽  
Linkage Quality ◽  
Quality Checks ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Many Sources

IntroductionWhen datasets are collected mainly for administrative rather than research purposes, data quality checks are necessary to ensure robust findings and to avoid biased results due to incomplete or inaccurate data. When done manually, data quality checks are time-consuming. We introduced automation to speed up the process and save effort. Objectives and ApproachWe have devised a set of automated generic quality checks and reporting, which can be run on any dataset in a relational database without any dataset-specific knowledge or configuration. The code is written in Python. Checks include: linkage quality, agreement with a population data source, comparison with previous data version, duplication checks, null count, value distribution and range, etc. Where dataset metadata is available, checks for validity against lookup tables are included, and the output report includes documentation on data contents. An HTML report with dynamic datatables and interactive graphs, allowing easy exploration of the results, is produced using RMarkdown. ResultsThe automation of the generic data quality check provides an easy and quick tool to report on data issues with minimal effort. It allows comparison with reference tables, lookups and previous versions of the same table to highlight differences. Moreover, this tool can be provided for researchers as a means to get more detailed understanding about their data. While other research data quality tools exist, this tool is distinguished by its features specific to linked data research, as well as implementation in a relational database environment. It has been successfully tested on datasets of over two billion rows. The tool was designed for use within the SAIL Databank, but could easily be adapted and used in other settings. Conclusion/ImplicationsThe effort spent on automating generic testing and reporting on data quality of research datasets is more than compensated by its outputs. Benefits include quick detection and scrutiny of many sources of invalid and incomplete data. This process can easily be expanded to accommodate more standard tests.

scholarly journals Human Capital and Innovativeness as Means to Bridging Development Gaps. Poland and the Czech Republic as Case Studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Teresa Bal-Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Knowledge Assessment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Development Gap ◽  
Institutional Order

Human Capital and Innovativeness as Means to Bridging Development Gaps. Poland and the Czech Republic as Case Studies The aim of this article is to analyze the innovative achievements of selected economies: Polish and Czech. This issue is of fundamental significance for all post socialist countries. Post communist heritage in form of homo sovieticus is really far from innovative performance. The author assumed that innovativeness is the component of human capital whilst the conceptions of innovativeness were dealt with as the development challenge and the criterion of efficiency for contemporary economies, creating the opportunity to speed up the pace of narrowing the development gap. It is reflected in the title of the study. The methodological basis and data source are Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM 2009) and European Innovation Scorecard (EIS 2009). The fulfillment of this aim, in the author's opinion, relied on presenting the coordination of innovative actions of managing entities and underlining the growing significance of network structures. On the basis of the conducted empirical analysis encompassing the years 2003-2008, there was observed, mostly in Poland and to smaller extent in the Czech Republic, a low level of innovativeness and its unsatisfactory dynamics, as well as poor use of relatively numerous human capital for attaining goals. In the conclusion part of the article, there were presented problems connected with the necessity of consequent impact on the quality of human capital and level of innovativeness. In order to overcome barriers, the author postulates to establish a pro-innovative institutional order and indicates the need for systemic attitude towards these reforms.

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