scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzymes and Heat-Shock Protein Genes of Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) Under Short-Time Heat Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroosa Khurshid ◽  
Rehan Inayat ◽  
Ansa Tamkeen ◽  
Inzamam Ul Haq ◽  
Chunchun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Molecular Response ◽  
Short Time

The management of insect pests under fluctuating temperatures has become an interesting area of study due to their ability to stimulate defense mechanisms against heat stress. Therefore, understanding insect’s physiological and molecular response to heat stress is of paramount importance for pest management. Aphids are ectothermic organisms capable of surviving in different climatic conditions. This study aimed to determine the effects of short-time heat stress on green peach aphid Myzus persicae under controlled conditions. In this study, short-time heat stress treatments at different temperatures 27, 30, 33, and 36°C with exposure times of 1, 3, 6, and 10 h, respectively, on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and oxidants, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), were determined. The results showed that the short-time heat stress significantly increased the content of MDA of M. persicae by 71, 78, 81, and 86% at 36°C for the exposure times of 1, 3, 6, and 10 h, respectively, compared with control. The content of H2O2 increased by 75, 80, 85, and 88% at 36°C for the exposure times of 1, 3, 6, and 10 h, respectively, compared with the control. The SOD, POD, and CAT activities increased by 61, 76, and 77% for 1 h, 72, 83, and 84% for 3 h, 80, 85, and 86% for 6 h, and 87, 87.6, and 88% for 10 h at 36°C, respectively, compared with control. Again, under short-time heat stress, the transcription levels of Hsp22, Hsp23, Hsp27, SOD, POD, and CAT genes were upregulated compared with control. Our results suggest that M. persicae increased the enzymatic antioxidant activity and heat-shock gene expression as one of the defensive mechanisms in response to heat stresses.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzymes and Heat Shock Protein Genes from Liposcelis bostrychophila Are Involved in Stress Defense upon Heat Shock

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Ze Qing Miao ◽  
Yan Qing Tu ◽  
Peng Yu Guo ◽  
Wang He ◽  
Tian Xing Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Liposcelis Bostrychophila

Psocids are a new risk for global food security and safety because they are significant worldwide pests of stored products. Among these psocids, Liposcelis bostrychophila has developed high levels of resistance or tolerance to heat treatment in grain storage systems, and thus has led to investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in this pest. In this study, the time-related effects of thermal stress treatments at relatively high temperatures on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POD), glutathione-S-transferases (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA), of L. bostrychophila were determined. Thermal stress resulted that L. bostrychophila had a significantly higher MDA concentration at 42.5 °C, which indicated that the heat stress increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents and oxidative stress in this psocid pest. Heat stress also resulted in significant elevation of SOD, CAT and GST activities but decreased POD activity. Our data indicates that different antioxidant enzymes contribute to defense mechanisms, counteracting oxidative damage in varying levels. POD play minor roles in scavenging deleterious LPO, while enhanced SOD, CAT and GST activities in response to thermal stress likely play a more important role against oxidative damage. Here, we firstly identified five LbHsps (four LbHsp70s and one LbHsp110) from psocids, and most of these LbHsps (except LbHsp70-1) are highly expressed at fourth instar nymph and adults, and LbHsp70-1 likely presents as a cognate form of HSP due to its non-significant changes of expression. Most LbHsp70s (except LbHsp70-4) are significantly induced at moderate high temperatures (<40 °C) and decreased at extreme high temperatures (40–45 °C), but LbHsp110-1 can be significantly induced at all high temperatures. Results of this study suggest that the LbHsp70s and LbHsp110 genes are involved in tolerance to thermal stress in L. bostrychophila, and antioxidant enzymes and heat shock proteins may be coordinately involved in the tolerance to thermal stress in psocids.

scholarly journals Molecular and Functional Characterization of Elicitor PeBC1 Extracted from Botrytis cinerea Involved in the Induction of Resistance against Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Abdul Hanan ◽  
Talha Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Majeed ◽  
Dewen Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Bean Plants

Elicitors are biofactors that induce resistance in plants against different insect pests. This in vitro study evaluated the impact of a novel elicitor protein PeBC1, extracted from a necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea, on the development and fecundity parameters of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) on common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Three different concentrations of PeBC1 elicitor (i.e., 33.56, 25.43, 19.33 µg mL−1) were applied at three different temperature regimes (i.e., 18, 21, and 25 °C). Elicitor treatments were applied topically on the bean plants at 3-leaf stage and newly emerged (0–6 h old) apterous adult aphids were exposed to these treated leaves. In addition to the biological parameters of aphids, the relative expression levels of key genes associated with jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) plant defense pathways were also determined through RT-qPCR. Results of bioassays revealed that the application of PeBC1 elicitor protein exhibited pronounced and significant (p < 0.05) sub-lethal effects on green peach aphids. The fecundity was reduced and the nymphal development time was prolonged by different concentrations of PeBC1 elicitor and temperature regimes. Gene expression studies showed that the exogenous application of PeBC1 induced a significant upregulation of the expression levels of JA and SA pathway-associated genes in bean plants. As compared to control, elicitor-treated plants exhibited an induced resistance against aphids. Our findings suggest the potential use of PeBC1 elicitor protein in future bio-intensive management strategies against sap-sucking insect pests such as green peach aphids.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana isolates toward Leptinotarsa decemlineata [Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae], Myzus persicae [Homoptera : Aphididae] and their predator Coleomegilla maculata lengi [Coleoptera : Coccinellidae]

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Todorova ◽  
D. Coderre ◽  
J.-C. Côté
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Coleomegilla Maculata ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana Isolates ◽  
Highly Virulent

Ten isolates of Beauveria bassiana from different sources and geographical sites were evaluated under laboratory conditions at a concentration of 107 conidia ml-1 for their pathogenicity against two insect pests, the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), and their predator, the spotted ladybird beetle (Coleomegilla maculata lengi). Six isolates were highly virulent to all three insect species. Four others showed different degrees of specificity. The isolates 49, 233 and 210087 were the most interesting for their potential development as biological control agents because they were highly virulent for the two insect pests and caused low mortality in the coccinellid.

Interspecific- and acclimation-induced variation in levels of heat-shock proteins 70 (hsp70) and 90 (hsp90) and heat-shock transcription factor-1 (HSF1) in congeneric marine snails (genusTegula): implications for regulation ofhspgene expression

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Tomanek ◽  
George N. Somero
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Model Account ◽  
Warm Acclimation ◽  
Induced Variation ◽  
Shock Proteins

SUMMARYIn our previous studies of heat-shock protein (hsp) expression in congeneric marine gastropods of the genus Tegula, we observed interspecific and acclimation-induced variation in the temperatures at which heat-shock gene expression is induced (Ton). To investigate the factors responsible for these inter- and intraspecific differences in Ton, we tested the predictions of the ‘cellular thermometer’ model for the transcriptional regulation of hsp expression. According to this model, hsps not active in chaperoning unfolded proteins bind to a transcription factor, heat-shock factor-1 (HSF1), thereby reducing the levels of free HSF1 that are available to bind to the heat-shock element, a regulatory element upstream of hsp genes. Under stress, hsps bind to denatured proteins, releasing HSF1, which can now activate hsp gene transcription. Thus, elevated levels of heat-shock proteins of the 40, 70 and 90 kDa families (hsp 40, hsp70 and hsp90, respectively) would be predicted to elevate Ton. Conversely, elevated levels of HSF1 would be predicted to decrease Ton. Following laboratory acclimation to 13, 18 and 23°C, we used solid-phase immunochemistry (western analysis) to quantify endogenous levels of two hsp70 isoforms (hsp74 and hsp72), hsp90 and HSF1 in the low- to mid-intertidal species Tegula funebralis and in two subtidal to low-intertidal congeners, T. brunnea and T. montereyi. We found higher endogenous levels of hsp72 (a strongly heat-induced isoform) at 13 and 18°C in T. funebralis in comparison with T. brunnea and T. montereyi. However, T. funebralis also had higher levels of HSF1 than its congeners. The higher levels of HSF1 in T. funebralis cannot, within the framework of the cellular thermometer model, account for the higher Ton observed for this species, although they may explain why T. funebralis is able to induce the heat-shock response more rapidly than T. brunnea. However, the cellular thermometer model does appear to explain the cause of the increases in Ton that occurred during warm acclimation of the two subtidal species, in which warm acclimation was accompanied by increased levels of hsp72, hsp74 and hsp90, whereas levels of HSF1 remained stable. T. funebralis, which experiences greater heat stress than its subtidal congeners, consistently had higher ratios of hsp72 to hsp74 than its congeners, although the sum of levels of the two isoforms was similar for all three species except at the highest acclimation temperature (23°C). The ratio of hsp72 to hsp74 may provide a more accurate estimate of environmental heat stress than the total concentrations of both hsp70 isoforms.

scholarly journals Patterns of thermotolerance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and heat shock gene expression vary among four Boechera species and Arabidopsis thaliana

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Halter ◽  
Nicole Simonetti ◽  
Cristy Suguitan ◽  
Kenneth Helm ◽  
Jessica Soroksky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Acquired Thermotolerance ◽  
Genes Encoding

Thermotolerance is a property of all organisms, but owing to their sessile nature, this trait is particularly important in plants. Basal thermotolerance is based on inherent tolerance to heat stress. Acquired thermotolerance is attained through stress-induced gene expression, often of those genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). Both basal and acquired thermotolerance have been extensively studied in model species such as Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., but much less is known about thermotolerance in wild plant species. The aims of this study were to examine the basal and acquired thermotolerance of four species of Boechera, and of A. thaliana. Four species of Boechera native to California were collected and used for this study: B. arcuata (Nutt.) Windham & Al-Shehbaz, B. californica (Rollins) Windham & Al-Shehbaz, B. depauperata (A.Nelson & P.B.Kenn.) Windham & Al-Shehbaz, and B. perennans (S.Watson) W.A.Weber. Seedlings were exposed to both basal and acquired heat stress and then monitored for leaf damage, chlorophyll fluorescence, and gene expression of HsfA3, Hsp101, and four sHSP genes. Analysis of organismal responses to heat stress demonstrated that all four Boechera species are more thermotolerant than A. thaliana. Further we found that he species with the highest thermotolerance is B. depauperata.

Heat stress regulates the human 70-kDa heat-shock gene through the 3'-untranslated region

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (6) ◽  
pp. L533-L537 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Moseley ◽  
E. S. Wallen ◽  
J. D. McCafferty ◽  
S. Flanagan ◽  
J. A. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Sv40 Promoter ◽  
Posttranscriptional Control ◽  
Hsp70 Mrna ◽  
Shock Proteins

Cells respond to a variety of stresses by synthesizing a family of proteins termed heat-shock proteins (HSP). Recently, the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of some mRNAs have been shown to be important in the posttranscriptional regulation of protein production. Therefore, we hypothesized that heat could regulate HSP70 production through the HSP70 3'-UTR, in addition to its known effects on transcription. To test this hypothesis, cells were transfected with either a plasmid containing sequences encoding the human HSP70 or beta-globin 3'-untranslated region placed downstream of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene. In both plasmids, the CAT gene was driven by an SV40 promoter. Following heat stress, cells transfected with the CAT construct containing the HSP70 3'-UTR showed increased CAT activity relative to the beta-globin 3'-UTR construct. This effect paralleled increases in HSP70 mRNA and levels of the inducible HSP70 protein by Western blot. These studies identify a heat-induced mechanism of posttranscriptional control of HSP70 synthesis utilizing the HSP70 3'-UTR, which may be important in the cells ability to regulate the heat-shock response.

scholarly journals MAMP-triggered resistance induced by elicitor protein PeBA1 derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NC6 in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 705-715
Author(s):  
Abdul BASIT ◽  
Tala NAZIR ◽  
Abdul HANAN ◽  
Muhammad Z. MAJEED ◽  
Muhammad FARHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Expression Levels

Bacterial microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) play an important role in innate plant immunity. This in vitro study evaluated the putative role of protein elicitor PeBA1 derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NC6 strain in eliciting induced resistance type responses in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants against green peach aphid Myzus persicae. Nymphal developmental time of aphids was significantly prolonged and the fecundity was significantly reduced by different concentrations of PeBA1 elicitor (i.e. 40.51, 24.91 and 16.38 µg mL-1) applied at three different temperature regimes (i.e. 21, 27 and 30 °C). Moreover, foliar application of PeBA1 elicitor protein strongly up-regulated the expression levels of salicylic acid (SA) pathway-associated genes, while the expression levels of jasmonic acid (JA) pathway-associated genes exhibited a moderate induction. Quantification by LC/MSMS revealed a linear increase of both SA and JA plant defense hormones along with the time of exposure. Our findings suggest that the bacterial elicitor protein PeBA1 could be used as an effective biological pest management tool against phloem-feeding insect pests such as green peach aphids M. persicae.

Stress-on-stress responses of a marine mussel, Perna canaliculus: food limitation reduces the ability to cope with heat stress in juveniles

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Delorme ◽  
L Biessy ◽  
PM South ◽  
LN Zamora ◽  
NLC Ragg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Perna Canaliculus ◽  
Energy Limitation

The marine environment is ever-changing, with daily and seasonal variations in factors such as food availability and seawater temperature. These stressors can affect physiological processes in aquatic organisms, resulting in sub-lethal or lethal consequences. This study assessed the effects of food limitation (i.e. fasting) on heat-stress responses in juveniles (~1.3 mm in shell length) of the green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus. Fasting for up to 24 h did not have a significant effect on oxidative damage (protein carbonyls and lipid hydroperoxide accumulation) or the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) after exposure to heat stress. However, fasting for 54 h and subsequent heat stress resulted in increased oxidative damage and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes in juvenile mussels. Gene expression of 70 kDa heat shock protein (hsp70) was only significantly affected by heat shock, not nutritional status. Tissue carbohydrate and protein levels were significantly depleted by 54 h of fasting; as these proximate components represent key energy substrates for bivalves, it is suggested that energy limitation contributes to compromised antioxidant activity and predisposition to oxidative damage.

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