scholarly journals Cloning and Functional Identification of Phosphoethanolamine Methyltransferase in Soybean (Glycine max)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Ji ◽  
Xiaoyue Wu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Qianhui Yuan ◽  
Yixin Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Short Root ◽  
Response Elements

Phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase (PEAMT), a kind of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferases, plays an essential role in many biological processes of plants, such as cell metabolism, stress response, and signal transduction. It is the key rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the three-step methylation of ethanolamine-phosphate (P-EA) to phosphocholine (P-Cho). To understand the unique function of PEAMT in soybean (Glycine max) lipid synthesis, we cloned two phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase genes GmPEAMT1 and GmPEAMT2, and performed functional identification. Both GmPEAMT1 and GmPEAMT2 contain two methyltransferase domains. GmPEAMT1 has the closest relationship with MtPEAMT2, and GmPEAMT2 has the closest relationship with CcPEAMT. GmPEAMT1 and GmPEAMT2 are located in the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. There are many light response elements and plant hormone response elements in the promoters of GmPEAMT1 and GmPEAMT2, indicating that they may be involved in plant stress response. The yeast cho2 opi3 mutant, co-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana phospholipid methyltransferase (PLMT) and GmPEAMT1 or GmPEAMT2, can restore normal growth, indicating that GmPEAMTs can catalyze the methylation of phosphoethanolamine to phosphate monomethylethanolamine. The heterologous expression of GmPEAMT1 and GmPEAMT2 can partially restore the short root phenotype of the Arabidopsis thaliana peamt1 mutant, suggesting GmPEAMTs have similar but different functions to AtPEAMT1.

scholarly journals Vacuolar invertase activity shapes photosynthetic stress response of Arabidopsis thaliana and stabilizes central energy supply

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Weiszmann ◽  
Lisa Fürtauer ◽  
Wolfram Weckwerth ◽  
Thomas Nägele
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Vacuolar Invertase ◽  
Central Energy ◽  
Sucrose Cleavage

AbstractStabilization of the central carbohydrate and energy metabolism plays a key role in plant stress response. As the primary photosynthetic products, carbohydrates are substrate for numerous metabolic and stress-protective reactions. Further, they have been shown to be involved in diverse signalling processes finally affecting and regulating plant stress response on a whole plant level. Sucrose metabolism is known to be central to many stress-related processes and enzymes catalysing its biosynthesis, transport and degradation have been shown to significantly impact stress resistance and acclimation output. However, due to the cyclic structure of sucrose metabolism involving sucrose cleavage in multiple compartments as well as energy-demanding re-synthesis via hexose phosphorylation, it is challenging to derive an unambiguous picture of its contribution to stress reactions. In the present study, a combined stress experiment comprising cold and high-light identified metabolism of sucrose and fumaric acid to significantly separate the stress response of a cold susceptible and a tolerant natural accession of Arabidopsis thaliana. Kinetic modelling and simulation of subcellular rates of invertase-driven sucrose cleavage revealed a contrasting picture between the susceptible and the tolerant accession pointing to an important role of vacuolar invertase during initial stress response. Using a T-DNA insertion mutant with a dramatically reduced invertase activity provided evidence for a central role of the enzyme in stabilizing photosynthesis and the central energy metabolism during freezing and high-light stress. Reducing vacuolar invertase activity to about 3% of the wild type resulted in a strong increase of ADP and ATP levels indicating a severe effect on cytosolic and plastidial energy balance. Together with a significant decrease of maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) these results suggest that vacuolar invertase activity stabilizes cytosolic energy metabolism by supplying hexose equivalents being phosphorylated in the cytosol. Finally, the accompanying ATP consumption is essential for cytosolic phosphate balance which directly affects photosynthetic performance by the supply of ADP being crucial for photosynthetic ATP production.

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding serine palmitoyltransferase in Arabidopsis thaliana

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tamura ◽  
H. Nishiura ◽  
J. Mori ◽  
H. Imai
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cdna Clone ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Serine Palmitoyltransferase ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Production

The first and committed step in de novo sphingo-lipid synthesis is catalysed by serine palmitoyl-transferase (EC 2.3.1.50), which condenses serine and palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketosphinganine in a pyridoxal-5Î-phosphate-dependent reaction. We have isolated and characterized a cDNA clone from Arabidopsis thaliana that is homologous to yeast and mammalian LCB2. For a functional identification, the A. thaliana homologous cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli which resulted in significant production of new sphinganine in E. coli cells.

scholarly journals Versatile Physiological Functions of Plant GSK3-Like Kinases

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Juan Mao ◽  
Wenxin Li ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Jianming Li
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Plant Stress Responses ◽  
Diverse Plant

The plant glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)-like kinases are highly conserved protein serine/threonine kinases that are grouped into four subfamilies. Similar to their mammalian homologs, these kinases are constitutively active under normal growth conditions but become inactivated in response to diverse developmental and environmental signals. Since their initial discoveries in the early 1990s, many biochemical and genetic studies were performed to investigate their physiological functions in various plant species. These studies have demonstrated that the plant GSK3-like kinases are multifunctional kinases involved not only in a wide variety of plant growth and developmental processes but also in diverse plant stress responses. Here we summarize our current understanding of the versatile physiological functions of the plant GSK3-like kinases along with their confirmed and potential substrates.

Comparative physical mapping reveals features of microsynteny between Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, and Arabidopsis thaliana

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
H H Yan ◽  
J Mudge ◽  
D-J Kim ◽  
R C Shoemaker ◽  
D R Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Physical Mapping ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Bac Contig ◽  
Cross Hybridization ◽  
Bac Contigs

To gain insight into genomic relationships between soybean (Glycine max) and Medicago truncatula, eight groups of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) contigs, together spanning 2.60 million base pairs (Mb) in G. max and 1.56 Mb in M. truncatula, were compared through high-resolution physical mapping combined with sequence and hybridization analysis of low-copy BAC ends. Cross-hybridization among G. max and M. truncatula contigs uncovered microsynteny in six of the contig groups and extensive microsynteny in three. Between G. max homoeologous (within genome duplicate) contigs, 85% of coding and 75% of noncoding sequences were conserved at the level of cross-hybridization. By contrast, only 29% of sequences were conserved between G. max and M. truncatula, and some kilobase-scale rearrangements were also observed. Detailed restriction maps were constructed for 11 contigs from the three highly microsyntenic groups, and these maps suggested that sequence order was highly conserved between G. max duplicates and generally conserved between G. max and M. truncatula. One instance of homoeologous BAC contigs in M. truncatula was also observed and examined in detail. A sequence similarity search against the Arabidopsis thaliana genome sequence identified up to three microsyntenic regions in A. thaliana for each of two of the legume BAC contig groups. Together, these results confirm previous predictions of one recent genome-wide duplication in G. max and suggest that M. truncatula also experienced ancient large-scale genome duplications.Key words: Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana, conserved microsynteny, genome duplication.

scholarly journals Alternative Oxidase Involvement in Cold Stress Response of Arabidopsis thaliana fad2 and FAD3+ Cell Suspensions Altered in Membrane Lipid Composition

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 856-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Matos ◽  
Cécile Hourton-Cabassa ◽  
Dominique Ciçek ◽  
Nathalie Rezé ◽  
Joao Daniel Arrabaça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

scholarly journals In vivo diagnostics of early abiotic plant stress response via Raman spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (13) ◽  
pp. 3393-3396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narangerel Altangerel ◽  
Gombojav O. Ariunbold ◽  
Connor Gorman ◽  
Masfer H. Alkahtani ◽  
Eli J. Borrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Plant Stress Response ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Concentration Levels

Development of a phenotyping platform capable of noninvasive biochemical sensing could offer researchers, breeders, and producers a tool for precise response detection. In particular, the ability to measure plant stress in vivo responses is becoming increasingly important. In this work, a Raman spectroscopic technique is developed for high-throughput stress phenotyping of plants. We show the early (within 48 h) in vivo detection of plant stress responses. Coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) plants were subjected to four common abiotic stress conditions individually: high soil salinity, drought, chilling exposure, and light saturation. Plants were examined poststress induction in vivo, and changes in the concentration levels of the reactive oxygen-scavenging pigments were observed by Raman microscopic and remote spectroscopic systems. The molecular concentration changes were further validated by commonly accepted chemical extraction (destructive) methods. Raman spectroscopy also allows simultaneous interrogation of various pigments in plants. For example, we found a unique negative correlation in concentration levels of anthocyanins and carotenoids, which clearly indicates that plant stress response is fine-tuned to protect against stress-induced damages. This precision spectroscopic technique holds promise for the future development of high-throughput screening for plant phenotyping and the quantification of biologically or commercially relevant molecules, such as antioxidants and pigments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document